This document discusses expanding access to cancer care and control in low and middle income countries. It argues that expanding access should, could, and can be done. Cancer disproportionately impacts the poor due to greater exposure to risk factors and less access to prevention and treatment. Integrating cancer services into existing health programs through "diagonal" approaches can help address this inequity while strengthening overall health systems. Examples from Mexico integrating breast and cervical cancer screening into primary care and social programs show progress, but more opportunities remain to improve early detection and survival rates.
Burden of Cervical Cancer & other HPV Related Diseases : Indian Perspectiv...Lifecare Centre
HPV RELATED DISEASES
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now a well-established cause of cervical cancer. HPV causes virtually 100% of cervical cancer cases
There is growing evidence of HPV being a relevant factor in other ANOGENITAL CANCERS (anus, vulva, vagina and penis) and head and neck cancers.
HPV is also responsible for other diseases such as recurrent juvenile respiratory papillomatosis and genital warts
Burden of Cervical Cancer & other HPV Related Diseases : Indian Perspectiv...Lifecare Centre
HPV RELATED DISEASES
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is now a well-established cause of cervical cancer. HPV causes virtually 100% of cervical cancer cases
There is growing evidence of HPV being a relevant factor in other ANOGENITAL CANCERS (anus, vulva, vagina and penis) and head and neck cancers.
HPV is also responsible for other diseases such as recurrent juvenile respiratory papillomatosis and genital warts
US Ethnicity and Cancer, Learning from the World (B Blauvelt Innovara)Innovara, Inc.
A presentation on cancer and ethnicity in the United States, and how the US can learn from other countries in regards to cancer control. - by Barri Blauvelt, CEO, Innovara, Inc.
Cancer and US Latinos
Daniel Santibanez, MPH, University of North Florida
June 24, 2005 - UNF Hispanic Health Issues Seminar
This is part 5 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of Duval County Health Department.
Presentation of study findings at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 2004 (Gorey et al., Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2009)
World Cancer Day, established by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) in 2000, is observed every year on February 4th. Over 10 million people die each year from cancer, more than HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined. This makes cancer a leading cause of death with a global impact; cancer is not specific to any one geographic region or any one demographic. Cancer can affect anyone of any age, but we are moving towards extraordinary medical breakthroughs in the fight against cancer...
Gainful Human Empowerment Reform in Managerial EngineeringIJASRD Journal
This paper describes the corporate-wide approach to gainful human empowerment reform at engineering. Gainful policy is a part of gainful human empowerment reform. The gainful human empowerment reform is a culture-specific human empowerment reform style that is prevalent in managerial engineering. Gainful human empowerment reform, referring to the internal systematic approach of the organization’s human empowerment reform to strive for daintiness performance excellence, and gainful policy referring to all those measures through which one creates and strengthens confidence and trust in outsiders, especially customers, towards the organization’s abilities and products. The daintiness managers are those who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests, and who are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. The paper reviews the daintiness strategy implementation, strategic control, daintiness metrics, and daintiness channels.
Oprah Winfrey's spotlight on Henrietta Lacks, an African-American woman who died from cervical cancer, was the inspiration for the latest infographic. Sadly, the medical vigilance and triumphs that have resulted in declining diagnoses of this preventable cancer in the USA have not been replicated in developing regions, particularly in East and Middle Africa. This infographic is for self-educational purposes only and just provides some of the fast facts up to 2017. Please consult a doctor for any medical advice.
Awareness Session On Antimicrobial resistance “Antimicrobials: Spread Awaren...Nimra zaman
The World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW) was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) to increase global awareness of antimicrobial resistance.
The WAAW takes place every year from 18-24th of November.
The theme of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW) 2021 is ‘Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance’.
During this week best practices are shared among the general public, health workers and policy makers to show the importance of stopping the further emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance.
seer cancer incidence using machine learning with data analysisVenkat Projects
Among various diseases, cancer has become a big threat to human beings globally. As per Indian population census data, the rate of mortality due to cancer in India was high and alarming with about 806000 existing cases by the end of the last century. Cancer is the second most common disease in India responsible for maximum mortality with about 0.3 million deaths per year. This is owing to the poor availability of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. All types of cancers have been reported in Indian population including the cancers of skin, lungs, breast, rectum, stomach, prostate, liver, cervix, esophagus, bladder, blood, mouth etc. The causes of such high incidence rates of these cancers may be both internal (genetic, mutations, hormonal, poor immune conditions) and external or environmental factors (food habits, industrialization, over growth of population, social etc.). In view of these facts, the present article describes the status of various types of cancers in India and its comparison at global level. Besides, attempts have been made to describe the main causes of cancer along with their preventive measures. In addition to this, efforts have also been made to predict the effect of increasing number of cancer patients on the Indian economy.
US Ethnicity and Cancer, Learning from the World (B Blauvelt Innovara)Innovara, Inc.
A presentation on cancer and ethnicity in the United States, and how the US can learn from other countries in regards to cancer control. - by Barri Blauvelt, CEO, Innovara, Inc.
Cancer and US Latinos
Daniel Santibanez, MPH, University of North Florida
June 24, 2005 - UNF Hispanic Health Issues Seminar
This is part 5 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of Duval County Health Department.
Presentation of study findings at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 2004 (Gorey et al., Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2009)
World Cancer Day, established by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) in 2000, is observed every year on February 4th. Over 10 million people die each year from cancer, more than HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined. This makes cancer a leading cause of death with a global impact; cancer is not specific to any one geographic region or any one demographic. Cancer can affect anyone of any age, but we are moving towards extraordinary medical breakthroughs in the fight against cancer...
Gainful Human Empowerment Reform in Managerial EngineeringIJASRD Journal
This paper describes the corporate-wide approach to gainful human empowerment reform at engineering. Gainful policy is a part of gainful human empowerment reform. The gainful human empowerment reform is a culture-specific human empowerment reform style that is prevalent in managerial engineering. Gainful human empowerment reform, referring to the internal systematic approach of the organization’s human empowerment reform to strive for daintiness performance excellence, and gainful policy referring to all those measures through which one creates and strengthens confidence and trust in outsiders, especially customers, towards the organization’s abilities and products. The daintiness managers are those who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests, and who are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. The paper reviews the daintiness strategy implementation, strategic control, daintiness metrics, and daintiness channels.
Oprah Winfrey's spotlight on Henrietta Lacks, an African-American woman who died from cervical cancer, was the inspiration for the latest infographic. Sadly, the medical vigilance and triumphs that have resulted in declining diagnoses of this preventable cancer in the USA have not been replicated in developing regions, particularly in East and Middle Africa. This infographic is for self-educational purposes only and just provides some of the fast facts up to 2017. Please consult a doctor for any medical advice.
Awareness Session On Antimicrobial resistance “Antimicrobials: Spread Awaren...Nimra zaman
The World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW) was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) to increase global awareness of antimicrobial resistance.
The WAAW takes place every year from 18-24th of November.
The theme of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW) 2021 is ‘Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance’.
During this week best practices are shared among the general public, health workers and policy makers to show the importance of stopping the further emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance.
seer cancer incidence using machine learning with data analysisVenkat Projects
Among various diseases, cancer has become a big threat to human beings globally. As per Indian population census data, the rate of mortality due to cancer in India was high and alarming with about 806000 existing cases by the end of the last century. Cancer is the second most common disease in India responsible for maximum mortality with about 0.3 million deaths per year. This is owing to the poor availability of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. All types of cancers have been reported in Indian population including the cancers of skin, lungs, breast, rectum, stomach, prostate, liver, cervix, esophagus, bladder, blood, mouth etc. The causes of such high incidence rates of these cancers may be both internal (genetic, mutations, hormonal, poor immune conditions) and external or environmental factors (food habits, industrialization, over growth of population, social etc.). In view of these facts, the present article describes the status of various types of cancers in India and its comparison at global level. Besides, attempts have been made to describe the main causes of cancer along with their preventive measures. In addition to this, efforts have also been made to predict the effect of increasing number of cancer patients on the Indian economy.
In Latin America, cancer and its control present often stark contrasts—or, in the words of one expert interviewed for this study, “light and shadow”. Rapid change occurs next to stubborn stasis, and substantial progress in some areas is intermingled with still unmet, pressing needs in others.
It is also an issue with growing political salience within the region: past success in the control of communicable diseases has increased the relative profile of non-communicable ones.
This study looks in detail at both the bright spots and the ongoing gaps for Latin American governments as they wrestle with cancer and seek to provide accessible prevention and care to their populations. Its particular focus is on 12 countries in Central and South America chosen for various factors, including their size and level of economic development. These states, referred to as “study countries”, are Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. Together they accounted for 92% of cancer incidence and 91% of mortality in Central and South America in 2012.
The study also introduces a major tool for stakeholders seeking to understand this field: the Latin America Cancer Control Scorecard (LACCS). The LACCS relies on significant desk research to rank the 12 study countries on their performance in different areas of direct relevance to cancer-control access. In addition to the scorecard, the report also draws on its own, separate substantial research as well as 20 interviews with experts on cancer in the region and worldwide. Its key findings include the following.
Myths And Facts About Breast Cancer.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the world, with around 2.26 million new cases diagnosed each year. With around 0.7 million fatalities per year worldwide, it is one of the major causes of death among female cancer patients. It is quite common in those aged 25 to 70, with peak prevalence in women aged 50 to 69.
Breast cancer occurs when a pre-cancerous tumour progresses to a malignant tumour in a multi-stage process that is triggered by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of normal cells. These abnormalities are brought on by physical carcinogens (ultraviolet and ionising radiation), chemical carcinogens (alcohol, aflatoxin, tobacco smoke), and biological carcinogens (viral infections, bacteria, or parasites). Breast cancer risk is also increased by genetic factors. 5 to 10% of breast cancer instances are caused by genetic abnormalities passed down through a family’s generations.
Running head INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS1.docxcowinhelen
Running head: INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS 1
INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS 18
Ineffective Cancer treatments leading to deaths
Name
Course
Tutor
Date
Abstract
The main focus of the report will be to research on the various methods through which cancer can be treated with a keen eye on why some methods are ineffective and lead to death. A discussion on different cancer treatment will be done followed by the types of cancer that cause millions of death today. Presentation of answers to the research questions will be done in line with ineffective cancer treatment methods. Relevant literature review will be conducted and used to support the claims of ineffective cancer treatments. Lastly, recommendations on the best cancer treatment will be done.
Introduction
Cancer is an ailment caused by the unrestrained division of abnormal cells in the body. The cancer cells are malignant meaning they can spread from the origin to distant organs and tissues. The disease can be genetically hereditary hence can be crossed over from one generation to another. Some of the forms of cancer treatment include targeted therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, precision medicine, surgery, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplant. Some of the common types of this disease include lung, liver, stomach, and bowel cancers.
Cancer is also called as malignancy which means abnormal cells growth. More than 100 types of cancer are found in this world today, including breast cancer (widely spread among women), skin cancer (found in the person of almost every age), lung cancer (common among smokers), colon cancer, lymphoma and prostate cancer. Each kind of cancer has varying symptoms. Cancer differs with respect to the cell it affects first. The uncontrollable division of cells harm the body and form lumps and the masses of tissues which are known as tumors. The tumor grows in size and sometimes even intervene the digestive system, circulatory system, excretory system and nervous system. In the case of leukemia, cancer inhibits the normal blood functioning which is caused due to the abnormal cell division into the blood stream. Cancer also causes the systems of the body to secrete hormones that alter the body functioning. Tumors that do not grow and remain limited to one spot are considered to slightly less harmful and benign. The sign of the more dangerous and malignant cells is:
1. The harmful cancerous cells move from one spot to another throughout the body using blood as a medium and invade the organs and the healthy tissues of the body.
2. These cells grow and divide rapidly, they make blood vessels of their own which are used by them in the process of feeding, called as angiogenesis.
Then comes a stage is known as metastasized in which the tumor spread successfully to the other parts of the body, penetrating into the healthy tissues of the body and damaging them badly. The process is known as metastasis. It cause ...
Cancer is a serious issue across the globe but you can begin helping close to home by volunteering or donating to your local cancer charities. The Foundation of FirstHealth’s Cancer CARE Fund helps FirstHealth Moore Regional Hospital lead the fight against cancer in the mid-Carolinas.
breast cancer
cancer
epidemiology
community medicine
awareness of breast cancer
سرطان الثدي
وبائيات سرطان الثدي
epidemiology of breast cancer
prevention of breast cancer
risk factors of breast cancer
epidemiology of breast cancer in iraq
sign and symptoms of breast cancer
location of breast cancer
Ghia foundation strategy document v4.dec.17.2015 (ab)Ghia Foundation
GHIA FOUNDATION WAS FOUNDED IN 2013 by a team of kind-heated Professionals.
VISION: A World where women in developing Countries live healthier , longer lives
MISSION – To reduce morbidity and mortality among women in developing Countries by strengthening Health Systems to deliver high quality, comprehensive health services.
Ca cervix epidemiology,screening and preventionDrAnkitaPatel
CA CERVIX IS PREVENTABLE AND CURABLE IF DETECTED AT EARLY STAGE .VACCINATION, PAP SMEAR AND HPV VACCINATION ARE KEY COMPONENTS FOR PREVENTION AND EARLY DETECTION.
Semana de Seguridad Social. La Reforma de Salud en México: su impacto en los principios de la seguridad social.
Senado de la República, 23 de abril de 2014
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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8. Challenge and disprove the
myths about cancer
Expanding access to cancer care and control in
low and middle income countries:
I: Should be done
II: Could be done
III: Can be done
M1. Unnecessary
M2. Unaffordable
M3. Impossible
M4: Inappropriate
9. Cancer is a disease of both rich and poor;
yet it is increasingly the poor who suffer:
1. Exposure to risk factors
2. Preventable cancers (infection)
3. Treatable cancer death and disability
4. Stigma and discrimination
5. Avoidable pain and suffering
The Cancer Divide:
An Equity Imperative
Facets
10. Adults
Leukaemia
All cancers
Source: Knaul, Arreola, Mendez. estimates based on IARC, Globocan, 2010.
Children
LOW
INCOME
HIGH
INCOME
Survival
inequalitygap
LOW
INCOME
HIGH
INCOME
100%
Facet 3: The Opportunity to Survive
Should Not, but Is Defined by Income
In Canada, almost 90% of children with
leukemia survive.
In the poorest countries only 10%.
11. Cancer – especially in
women and children - adds a
layer of discrimination onto
ethnicity, poverty, and
gender.
12. Facet 5: The most insidious injustice
is lack of access to pain control
Non-methadone, Morphine Equivalent opioid
consumption per death from HIV or cancer in pain:
Poorest 10%: 54 mg per death
Richest 10%: 97,400 mg per death
13. Investing In CCC:
We Cannot Afford Not To
! Tobacco is a huge economic risk: 3.6% lower GDP
! Total economic cost of cancer, 2010: 2-4% of global GDP
! Inaction reduces efficacy of health and social investments
Prevention and treatment offers potential
world savings of $ US 130-940 billion
1/3-1/2 of cancer deaths are “avoidable”:
2.4-3.7 million deaths,
of which 80% are in LIMCs
✓
14. ! Mirrors the epidemiological transition
! LMICs increasingly face both infection-
associated cancers, and all other cancers.
The Cancer Transition
! Cancers increasingly only of the poor, are
not the only cancers affecting the poor.
15. #2 cause of death in wealthy countries
#3 in upper middle-income
#4 in lower middle-income
and # 8 in low-income countries
More than 85% of pediatric cancer cases and 95% of
deaths occur in developing countries.
For children & adolescents
5-14 cancer is
16. Source: Knaul, Arreola, Mendez. estimates based on IHME, 2011.
The cancer transition in LMICs:
breast and cervical cancer
53%
20%19%
-31%
0%
LMIC’s High
income
% Change in # of deaths
1980-2010LMICs account for
>90% of cervical
cancer deaths and
>60% of breast
cancer deaths.
Both diseases are
leading killers –
especially of young
women.
17. Cancer transition in Mexico:
Breast and Cervical mortality
México
0
4
8
12
161955
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Mortality
rate
adjusted
by
age
Oaxaca
(Poorest)
Nuevo León
(Wealthiest)
Source:
Knaul
et
al.,
2008.
Reproduc?ve
Health
MaCers,
and
updated
by
Knaul,
Arreola-‐Ornelas
and
Méndez.
0
10
20
30
1980
1990
2000
2010
0
10
20
30
1980
1990
2000
2010
18. Trends in the difference between mortality rate
from cervical and breast cancer Mexico, by level
of state marginality, (1979 -2010)
-‐10
-‐5
0
5
10
15
1979
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Difference
in
mortality
rate
(Per
100,000
women
age-‐adjusted)
Very
Poor Poor
Average Wealthy
Very
Wealthy
19. Women and mothers in LMICs
face many risks through the life cycle
Women 15-59, annual deaths
Diabetes
120,889
Breast
cancer
166,577
Source: Estimates based on data from WHO: Global Health Observatory, 2008 and Murray et al Lancet 2011.
Cervical
cancer
142,744
Mortality
in
childbirth
342,900
- 35%
in 30
years
= 430, 210 deaths
20. The Diagonal Approach to
Health System Strengthening
! Rather than focusing on either disease-specific
vertical or horizontal-systemic programs, harness
synergies that provide opportunities to tackle disease-
specific priorities while addressing systemic gaps and
optimize available resources
! Diagonal strategies: X = > Σ parts
! Bridge disease divides: patients suffer over a lifetime, most
of it chronic.
! Generate positive externalities
21. Diagonal Strategies:
Positive Externalities
! Promoting prevention and healthy lifestyles:
! Reduce risk for cancer and many other diseases
! Reducing stigma around women’s cancers:
! Contributes to reducing gender discrimination
! Pain control and palliation
! Reducing barriers to access is essential for cancer as
well as for for other diseases and for surgery.
22. ‘Diagonalizing’ Financing:
Integrate cancer care and control into
national insurance and social security
programs to express previously suppressed
demand beginning with cancers of women
and children:
! Mexico, Colombia, Dom Rep, Peru
! China, India, Thailand
! Rwanda, Ghana, South Africa
24. Mexico: Seguro Popular
Horizontal
Coverage:
>
54.6
million
Beneficiaries
Ver?cal
Coverage
Diseases
and
Interven?ons:
Expanded
Benefit
Package
25. Seguro Popular:
Cancer and the Fund for Protection from
Catastrophic Illness
! Accelerated, universal, vertical coverage by disease
with an effective package of interventions
! 2004: HIV/AIDS
! 2005: cervical cancer
! 2006: ALL in children
! 2007: All pediatric cancers; Breast cancer
! 2011: Testicular and Prostate cancer and NHL
! 2012: Ovarian (colorectal) cancer
26. Seguro Popular and cancer:
Evidence of impact
! Since the incorporation of childhood cancers
into the Seguro Popular
! Adherence to treatment: 70% to 95%
! Breast cancer adherence to treatment:
! 2005: 200/600
! 2010: 10/900
¡
27. % diagnosed in Stage 4 by state
• # 2 killer of women 30-54
• Only 5-10% detected in Stage 0-1
• Poor municipalites: 50% Stage 4; 5x rich
Delivery failure: Breast Cancer
Juanita
Poor/Marginalized
28. Effective financial coverage of
breast cancer in Mexico
– Primary prevention
– Secondary prevention (early detection)
– Diagnosis
– Treatment
– Survivorship care
– Palliative care
Large and exemplary investment in cancer treatment for
women, yet a low survival rate.
Opportunities to diagonalize delivery
29. Harness platforms by integrating breast and
cervical cancer prevention, screening and
survivorship care into MCH, SRH, HIV/AIDS,
social welfare and anti-poverty programs.
Solution:
‘Diagonalizing’ Delivery
30. Including breast cancer awareness for
early detection in Oportunidades
• “Guía de orientación y
capacitación a titulares
beneficiarios del programa
Oportunidades” includes
information on breast cancer
as of 2009/10
• 1.5 million copies to
promoters
• Reaches 5.8 million families =
more than 90% of poor
households
32. Where are the opportunities?
• LMICs: the potential to reduce DALYs lost is huge
• Focus on prevention but do not stop there!
– No prevent/treat dichotomization
• Do not take prices as fixed or given – price permeability
• Innovate in implementation, delivery and financing
– Evaluate, replicate and scale up
– Leapfrog and give forward
• Harness global and national health system platforms
• Harness cancer to strengthen health and social systems
• Recognize LMICs as part of a global solution:
investment in learning, research and human beings
33. Expanding access to cancer care and control in
LMICs: Should, Could, and Can be done