cloning with example and ethical aspects along with advantages and disadvantages of mentioned practice. furthermore social, religious and moral point of views are also discussed.

1. CLONING
Alishba sadia
Fa 2020 Bs mb 014
Lahore garrison university

2. Introduction
■ Cloning, the process of generating a genetically identical copy of a cell or an
organism.
■ Cloning happens all the time in nature—for example, when a cell replicates itself
asexually without any genetic alteration or recombination.
■ Cloning is used to produce proteins, vaccines, and antibiotics.
■ Cloning in agriculture is used to produce pest-resistant plants.
■ Cloning is also used for gene therapy and producing transgenic animals.

3. Dolly sheep
experiment
1996
Dolly the sheep was successfully cloned in 1996
by fusing the nucleus from a mammary-gland
cell of a Finn Dorset ewe into an enucleated
egg cell taken from a Scottish Blackface ewe.
Carried to term in the womb of another Scottish
Blackface ewe, Dolly was a genetic copy of the
Finn Dorset ewe

4. Types of cloning
■ Gene cloning, which creates copies of genes or segments of DNA.
■ Reproductive cloning, which creates copies of whole animals.
■ Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells.

6. Benefits of cloning
■ It removes the barrier of infertility.
■ It could extend human life capabilities
■ It could restore balance to families.
■ create tissue and organs that doctors can use when needed for surgery on the
original

7. Drawbacks of cloning
■ It comes with a degree of uncertainty as of yet.
■ It is expected to bring about new diseases.
■ It might lead to problems in organ rejection.
■ It decreases gene diversity.
■ In-Breeding.
■ It can lead to disruption of parenting and family life.
■ It can cause a further divide.

8. Ethical controversy
■ The ethics of cloning refers to a variety of ethical positions regarding the practice
and possibilities of cloning, especially human cloning.
■ While many of these views are religious in origin, some of the questions raised by
cloning are faced by secular perspectives as well.
■ Perspectives on human cloning are theoretical, as human therapeutic and
reproductive cloning are not commercially used; animals are currently cloned in
laboratories and in livestock production.

9. Advocates’ view
Advocates support the development of therapeutic cloning in order to
■ generate tissues and whole organs to treat patients
■ to avoid the need for immunosuppressive drugs
■ stave off the effects of aging.
■ parents who cannot otherwise procreate should have access to technology.

10. Opponents’ view
Opponents of cloning have concerns that
■ technology is not yet developed enough to be safe, and that
■ it could be prone to abuse, either in the form of clones raised as slaves, or leading
to the generation of human farming
■ Organ harvesting
■ concerns about how cloned individuals could integrate with families and with
society at large.

11. Religious point of view
■ The Islamic Fiqh Academy, in its 1997 meeting, agreed that cloning does not
contradict the Islamic faith.
■ God is the creator of the Universe and therefore the advancing knowledge and
technology development that has made cloning possible was pre-ordained by God
Almighty’s will.

12. World point of view
■ Eight-in-ten American adults (81%) say cloning a human being is not morally
acceptable, according to a May 2016 Gallup poll.
■ There has been overwhelming opposition to human cloning since 2001.
■ Just 13% of adults in 2016 say cloning is morally acceptable.

13. ANY QUESTIONS?
Thank you 