1. The document provides a list of Greek and Latin roots used in clinical terminology related to parts of the body and medical conditions. 2. It then gives examples of terms built from combinations of roots related to pus (py-), bone marrow (myel-), poison (tox-), movement (-kinesia), openings (-stoma), and all/total (pan-). 3. Finally, it asks the reader to analyze and define several multi-root clinical terms, explain their meanings, and build new terms based on given definitions.

1. Clinical
terminology
Lesson 5

2. New roots

3. Aden- / glandula, ae f
Gland

4. Arthr- / articulatio, onis f
Joint

5. Cephal-, -cephalia / caput, itis n
Head

6. Chondr- / cartilago, inis f
Cartilage

7. Dacryocyst- / saccus lacrimalis
Tear sac, lacrimal sac

8. Cyan- / caeruleus , a, um
Blue

9. Erythr- / ruber, bra, brum
Red

10. Leuc- / albus, a, um
White

11. Erythrocytes and leucocytes

12. My-, myos- / musculus, i m
Muscle

13. Myopia

14. Myel- / 1) medulla spinalis; 2) medulla ossium
1) Spinal cord
2) Bone marrow

15. Myel- / 1) medulla spinalis; 2) medulla ossium
1) Spinal cord
2) Bone marrow

16. Orth-
Straight
Example: orthodontia

17. Py- / pus, puris n
Pus

18. Tox-, toxic- / toxicum, i n
Poison, toxic substances

19. New suffixes
and prefixes

20. -kinesia
Movement
Example: oligokynesia

21. Kinetosis

22. -stoma, -
stomia
Fistula, artificial opening
Example: gastrostoma

23. Pan-
All, total
Example: panalgia

24. Build up clinical terms with the given roots
and suffixes, explain their meaning:
• py(o)- (-dermia; -genus; -nephrosis; -ophthalmia; -rrhoea);
• myel(o)- (-cytus; -itis; -genus; -gramma; -graphia; -oma; -osis);
• oste(o)- (-arthropathia; -arthrotomia; -oma; -itis; -arthritis; -chondritis; -
genus; -dystrophia; -logia; -myelitis; -pathia; -tomia; -ectomia);
• tox-; toxic(o)- (-aemia; -genus; -logia);
• my(o)-; (-itis; -logia; -oma; -algia; -cardium; -cardiodystrophia; -
cardiopathia; -genus; -tomia);
• ot(o)- (-genus; -rrhagia; -scopia; -itis);
• phleb(o)- (-gramma; -graphia; -itis; -tomia; -ectomia; -rrhaphia);
• rhin(o)- (-scopia; -rrhagia; -rrhoea; -pathia; -itis; -algia).

25. Explain the meaning of the following terms:
1) cyanuria; cyanodermia; cyanopsia
2) adenitis; adenoma; adenopathia
3) panalgia; panarthritis; pancarditis; panophthalmitis; panotitis;
panhysterectomia
4) arthritis; arthralgia; arthrosis; arthropathia; arthrotomia; polyarthritis;
haemarthrosis
5) oligokinesia; dyskinesia; kinesitherapia
6) cephalalgia; cephalhaematoma; cephalotomia

26. Give the Greek & Latin variants and explain
the meaning of the following terms:
1. microglossia; cheilorrhagia;
arthropathy;
2. cyanuria; dacryocystectomy;
leucocyte;
3. pyodermia; panarthritis; otopyorrhea;
4. polyarthritis; toxicology;
panhysterectomy;
5. oligokinesia; erythrodermia;
dysphagia;
6. myalgia; psychiatrist; encephalogram;
7. pyonephrosis; pulmonectomy;
chondrotomy;
8. dacryocystogram; orthodontist;
erythrocyturia;
10.oligodactylia; periostitis; rhinoscopy;
11. proctalgia; myelopathy; myometritis;
12.periosteoma; periphlebitis; polyadenitis;
13.pyogenic; chondropathy; cheilorrhaphy;
14. cephalomegaly; polydactyly; pyuria;
15.microgastria; encephalography;
stomatoscopy.

27. Form the Greek & Latin clinical terms
according to the meaning:
1. creation of an artificial opening of
the stomach
2. disease of cartilages
3. inflammation of brain and spinal cord
4. toxic substances in the blood
5. pain in the muscles
6. disease of joints
7. red blood cell
8. producing (causing) toxin
9. skin inflammation with
10.glandular cell
11.blue skin
12.tumor of cartilage
13.head pain (headache)
14.removal of tear sac
15.disturbance (difficulty) of
movement