This document discusses botnets and various forms of advertising fraud they enable, such as impression fraud, click fraud, and conversion fraud. It describes how botnets are commonly used for spam, scraping content, and denial of service attacks. The document then explains specific fraudulent advertising techniques like ad stacking, pixel stuffing, domain spoofing, user agent spoofing, and location fraud that botnets perform. It concludes by advocating for an integral industry-wide approach using data science, security experts, and technology to detect and prevent advertising fraud at scale from all angles.