Classification of Hazardous Areas.........

07/15/2016
Products Solutions Services
INTERNAL
Installation considerations for hazardous areas
Classification of Hazardous Areas
Slide 1 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
The world of hazardous classification
Slide 2 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
ATEX / IEC Ex Device declaration
Use the device
under ground
or above
ground ?
In which Zone
you can use
the device ?
How the
device is
designed to
avoid an
explosion ?
What is the
max ignition
energy can be
exposed from
the device ?
What max
ignition surface
temp can
appear on the
device ?
Ta & Tp !!!
In which Zone
you can use the
device ?
Equipment
group
Equipment
category
Protection
Type
Gas group Temperature
class
Equipment
Protection Level
ATEX II 1/2G Ex de IIC T2-T6 Ga/Gb
IECEx - - Ex de IIC T2-T6 Ga/Gb
Explosion
Protection
(CP00021Z)
- 18 12-15 6 6 18
Explanation table based on Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
Slide 3 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Equipment group - ATEX
I
• Under ground (mining, etc)
• Special requirements to the housing, besides Ex.
• E+H does not provide instruments
II
• all above ground applications
• E+H does provide instruments
IECEx covers this equipment class classification (e.g. Ga/Gb)
Slide 4 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Zone Classification according to ATEX
Zones are classified according the probability of the occurrence of explosive
mixtures
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
Fluid
Occurrence of
explosive
atmosphere
Gas
mixtures
Dust
mixtures
Not likely to occur
or only for short
period
Zone 2 Zone 22
Likely to occur
occasionally
Zone 1 Zone 21
Continuously or
for long periods or
frequently
Zone 0 Zone 20
Slide 5 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Equipment classification according to ATEX
Equipment category
Group I
Mining industry
Group II
(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-/Dust-Ex
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
3G/3D
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
High level of protection
(safe with 1 fault)
M2 2G/2D
Very high level of
protection (safe with 2
faults)
M1 1G/1D
Slide 6 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Equipment classification according to IEC
Equipment category
Group I
Mining industry
Group II
(IIA/IIB/IIC)
Gas-Ex
Group III
(IIIA/IIIB/IIIC)
Dust-Ex
Normal level of
protection (safe
without fault)
Gc Dc
High level of protection
(safe with 1 fault)
Mb Gb Db
Very high level of
protection (safe with 2
faults)
Ma Ga Da
 Ignition energy
IIC>IIB>IIA
• IIIA flyings
• IIIB non –conductive
dusts
• IIIC conductive dusts
(IIIC>IIIB>IIIA)
Slide 7 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Equipment designation to zones
Gas - Ex
Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2
ATEX category 1G 1G or 2G 1G or 2G or 3G
IEC (EPL*) Ga Ga or Gb Ga or Gb or Gc
Dust - Ex
Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22
ATEX category 1D 1D or 2D 1D or 2D or 3D
IEC (EPL*) Da Da or Db Da or Db or Dc
* EPL = Equipment Protection Level
Slide 8 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mists
Hot surface Sparks
Ignition temperature Ignition energy
Temperature class
T1 … T6
Gas-Group
A … C
Slide 9 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Ignition temperature – surface temperature
Fuels Apparatus
Ignition
temperature
of gas
Ignition temperature Temperature class
Max. surface
temperature
Surface temperature
depends on:
• Ambient
temperature
• Process
temperature
• Internal heating
sources
(e.g. electrical
components)
>450°C
>300°C … ≤450°C
>200°C … ≤300°C
>135°C … ≤200°C
>100°C … ≤135°C
>85°C … ≤100°C
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
450°C
300°C
200°C
135°C
100°C
85°C
Slide 10 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Ignition temperature – surface temperature
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
T1
>450°C
T2
>300°C ≤450°C
T3
>200°C ≤300°C
T4
>135°C ≤200°C
T5
>100°C ≤135°C
T6
>85°C ≤100°C
Ignition temperature of gas
Surface temperature of apparatus
Slide 11 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Minimum ignition energy
Ignition energy in relation to hydrogen and propane air/gas concentration
Slide 12 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Explosive concentrations of flammable mixtures
Slide 13 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Classification of flammable gases and dusts in groups
Gas group
Europe/IEC North America Min. ignition energy Examples
C
A > 10 μJoules
Acetylene,
Carbon disulphide
B > 20 μJoules Hydrogen
B C > 60 μJoules Ethylether,Ethylene
A D > 160 μJoules
Acetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Butane,
Cyclopropane, Ethanol, Gasoline, Hexane,
Methanol Naphtha, Propane
Dust group
Europe/IEC North America Kind of dust Examples
- E Metal dusts -
- F Coal dusts -
- G Others -
Slide 14 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Classification of flammable gases, vapors, mists
Classification of gases and vapors in
explosion groups and temperature classes
Gas-group T1
(>450°C)
T2
(>300°C ≤450°C)
T3
(>200°C ≤300°C)
T4
(>135°C ≤200°C)
T5
(>100°C ≤135°C)
T6
(>85°C ≤100°C)
I Methane
II A Acetone
Ethane
Ammonia
Benzene
Ethanic acid
Ethylacetate
Kohlenoxyd
Methanol
Propane
Toluol
Ethyl alcohol
i-Amylacetat
n-Butane
n-Butylalkohol
Gasoline
Diesel fuel
Aircraft fuel
Heating oil
n-Hexane
Acetaldehyde
Ether
II B Lighting gas Ethyl
Ethyl oxyd
Ethyl glycol Ethyl ether
II C Hydrogen Acetylene Carbon
disulphide
Ex IIB T3
Slide 15 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Protection types
Slide 16 P.Conen
Protection measures Gas-Ex marking example
air
 p
Pressurized apparatus EEx p T5
electrical parts are purged and pressurized
with a protective gas (air or inert gas)
Installation: purge and pressure control/shut down device
powder
Powder filling EEx q T4
electrical parts are submersed in
a quartz powder
oil
Oil immersion EEx o T3
electrical parts are submersed in oil

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Protection types
Slide 17 P.Conen
Increased safety Ex e T4
prevention of ignition sources by
fail safe design (only simple electric components)
Intrinsic safety Ex ia IIC T4
Limitation of the energy stored in the electrical circuits
„simple“ apparatus, „associated“ apparatus, safety barriers
Installation: safety values (Uo, Io, Po, Lo, Co) and clearences
Advantage: Hot plugging for Ex ia, ib, ic without permission in the hazardous area!
Flameproof enclosure Ex db IIC T6
internal explosion is confined by solid and flame tight enclosure
Installation: Ex d cable entry or conduit systems or Ex e terminal
Protection measures Gas Ex marking example

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Types of protection of electrical apparatus
Type of protection
Gas atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)
Dust atmosphere
(Equipment category / EPL)
1G / Ga 2G / Gb 3G / Gc 1D / Da 2D / Db 3D /Dc
Flameproof enclosures da db dc
Increased safety eb ec
Intrinsically safety ia ib ic ia ib ic
Encapsulation ma mb mc ma mb mc
Oil immersion ob
Powder filling qb
Pressurized enclosures pxb/pyb pzc pb pc
Protection by enclosure ta tb tc
Energy limited apparatus nL
Restricted breathing enclosures nR
Non sparking apparatus nA
Sparking apparatus nC
Slide 18 P.Conen

07/15/2016
INTERNAL
Safety Instructions Liquiphant M/S (XA00108F-G)
?
Slide 19 P.Conen
Cover sheet

Classification of Hazardous Areas.........

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