virtualization

1. ITP-1233 Virtualization
[Virtualization]
Virtualization is the creation of a virtual --
rather than actual -- version of something,
such as an operating system, a server, a
storage device or network resources.
Lambton College
School of Computer Studies
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_RAID_levels

2. Major Topics:
◇ Explain configuring Hyper-V for High Availability
◇ Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID Configurations
◇ Identifying Failover Configurations and Quick Migrations
◇ Understand the components of a Microsoft iSCSI environment
Configuring Hyper-V for High Availability

3. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
High Availability
Definition: is a non-functional requirement. It is a characteristic of a
system which aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance,
usually uptime. Availability is usually expressed as a percentage of uptime
in a given year.
Online systems and mission-critical systems typically require availability to
meet five nines (99.999%).

4. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Fault Tolerance
Definition: It’s a not-functional requirement and is the property that enables a
system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of one or a
few of its components.
• Since the failure may happen in one or more component, fault tolerance
usually consists of various approaches , each geared towards one type of
failure such as power or disk failure.
• Cloud Computing solutions are fault tolerant
• A system can be designed to be fault tolerant for many aspects:
• Power
• Hard Disk
• Network
• Hardware
• Software

5. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Hyper-V High Availability
For servers which provide service such as Database, Application, and Hyper-
V the best way to achieve HA is by implementing “Clustering”.
Definition: Clustering refers to the ability of several servers or group of
servers to connect together and interact to achieve any of the following goals:
• Fault tolerance: Because there is more than one server or instance
for users to connect to, clustering offers an alternative, in the event of
individual server failure.
• Load balancing: The clustering feature is usually set up to allow
users to be automatically allocated to the server with the least load

6. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Configuring High Availability for Hyper-V
Requires more than one Hyper-V
Requires network connection between or among such Hyper-V servers
Fail-Over clustering service should be enabled

7. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Enabling Failover Clustering
Under Server Manager, choose add role and select “Failover Clustering” from
Features

8. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Enabling Failover Clustering
In Failover Cluster Manager snap-ins , choose Create Cluster and follow the
wizard
Choose the servers you want to be part of the cluster (at least two)

9. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Configure the Cluster
Once cluster is created, you can check the cluster under MMC:
To verify the nodes and server which are part of the cluster, navigate to Nodes

10. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Creating VMs on the Cluster
On the Failover snap-ins, choose Roles and navigate to “Virtual Machines…”
The VMs you create here are read HA-Ready!

11. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Creating VMs on the Cluster
The wizard will show you all available Hyper-V servers in the cluster and will ask
you to choose the one that will act as “Host”

12. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Creating VM
The process is the same as creating a regular VM

13. Explain configuring Hyper-V for High
Availability
Creating VM
During VM creation, the failover service automatically configure the High
Availability for the VM

14. Any questions so
far? Any comments?

15. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
A disk storage virtualization technology used to combine multiple disk drives
into a logical drive
The key concepts and technologies:
• Mirroring: Copy data to multiple disks
• Data Stripping: The data segments are stored on multiple disks, which
together form a complete copy of the data
• Data Parity: Using redundant data to detect and repair data errors

16. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
RAID Levels
RAID 0 splits ("stripes") data evenly across two or more disks,
without parity information, redundancy, or fault tolerance.
Since RAID 0 provides no fault tolerance or redundancy, the
failure of one drive will cause the entire array to fail; as a result
of having data striped across all disks, the failure will result in
total data loss.
This configuration is typically implemented having speed as the
intended goal. RAID 0 is normally used to increase
performance, although it can also be used as a way to create a
large logical volume out of two or more physical disks.

17. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
RAID 1 consists of an exact copy (or mirror) of a set
of data on two or more disks; a classic RAID 1
mirrored pair contains two disks.
This configuration offers no parity, striping, or
spanning of disk space across multiple disks, since
the data is mirrored on all disks belonging to the
array, and the array can only be as big as the
smallest member disk.
This layout is useful when read performance or
reliability is more important than write performance or
the resulting data storage capacity.

18. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
RAID 4 consists of block-level striping with a dedicated parity disk. As a result
of its layout, RAID 4 provides good performance of random reads, while the
performance of random writes is low due to the need to write all parity data to a
single disk.

19. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
RAID 5 consists of block-level striping with distributed parity. Unlike in RAID 4,
parity information is distributed among the drives. It requires that all drives but one
be present to operate. Upon failure of a single drive, subsequent reads can be
calculated from the distributed parity such that no data is lost. RAID 5 requires at
least three disks.

20. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID

21. Demonstrate an Understanding of RAID
COST
PERFOR
MANCE
RELIA
BILITY
RAID5
RAID0
RAID10
RAID6
RAID1

22. Identifying Failover Configurations and Quick Migrations
Hyper-V VM Migration
In failover clusters, administrators have the option to move VMs from one
cluster node to another cluster node. There are various types of such move:
Quick Migration: Hyper-V introduces a pause action on the VM that is going
to be moved, pause it, then move it to the destination node and involves
various steps:
Pause, save, move, start
Live Migration: Hyper-V Live migration transfers the VM while it’s fully
functional the new destination and applies ownership transfer once it’s fully
transferred . It contains the following steps:
Move, change ownership

23. Identifying Failover Configurations and Quick Migrations
Hyper-V VM Migration

24. Understand the components of a Microsoft iSCSI
environment
iSCSI
Internet Small Computer System
Interface (iSCSI) works on top of TCP
protocol : iSCSI is a block protocol for
storage networking and runs the very
common SCSI storage protocol across a
network connection which is usually
Ethernet. iSCSI, like Fibre Channel, can
be used to create a Storage Area
Network (SAN). iSCSI traffic can be run
over a shared network or a dedicated
storage network.

25. Understand the components of a Microsoft iSCSI
environment
iSCSI
Before you can use an iSCSI solution, you will need to enable the role in Microsoft
Windows