This document provides instructions for a Week 6 assignment in a CJ598 capstone course. Students are asked to draft the Expected Results and Recommendations section of their capstone research proposal. They should discuss what results they expect to find if they conduct their proposed study based on their literature review and research plan. Students should also discuss how the expected results could inform at least four principles of leadership and recommendations for administrators, stakeholders, and the public. The assignment requires students to write a 4-6 page paper following APA style and including an introduction, discussion of expected results, how results relate to the literature, and how results could inform leadership principles and recommendations. Students are also asked to post in a discussion forum providing an overview of

1. CJ598
Week 6 Assignment
Develop Expected Results and Recommendations section of
Capstone
For this assignment, you will draft the Expected Results and
Recommendations section of your Capstone Project research
proposal. Based on your understanding of your topic, the related
studies/findings discussed in your literature review, and your
own plans for proposed data collection and analysis, consider
what you would expect to find if you were to conduct your
study. Next, discuss how the results of your proposed study
could be used to develop recommendations that inform the
literature, policy, and practice. Discuss the significance and
value of your proposed study as it relates to those studies
discussed in your literature review, and how it can benefit those
in positions of leadership, such as administrators, stakeholders,
and the public in practical application. Your paper must be 4-6
pages in length and include:
· An introduction that includes a one-paragraph overview of
your research proposal topic and a one-paragraph overview of
your data collection and analysis plan
· A discussion of the results you would expect if your study was
actually conducted
· A discussion of how these anticipated findings relate to the
findings from studies discussed in your literature review,
contributing to the current trends in research
· A discussion of how your expected results could be used to
identify at least four principles of leadership (NOT STYLES OF
LEADERSHIP) to inform administrators, stakeholders, and the
public in terms of policy and practice related to your topic. In
other words, what practical applications might your study
findings have for organizational leaders and policy makers?
Identify a minimum of four specific applications from your

2. expected findings.
Be sure to write in a scholarly and objective tone, avoiding the
use of first person, personal pronouns, contractions, and
colloquial or conversational language. Use citations from
scholarly, peer-reviewed sources throughout to support your
content and credit sources of information and ideas.
Note: This assignment requires outside research. Use at least
four scholarly, peer-reviewed sources in addition to the Reading
material throughout your assignment to support your content
and credit sources of information and ideas.
Directions:
In addition to fulfilling the specifics of the assignment, a
successful paper must also meet the following criteria:
· Include a cover page and references page in 10 - 12 point font
(Arial, Courier, and Times New Roman are acceptable).
· Viewpoint and purpose should be clearly established and
sustained.
· Assignment should follow the conventions of Standard English
(correct grammar, punctuation, etc.).
· Writing should be well ordered, logical and unified, as well as
original and insightful.
· Your work should display superior content, organization,
style, and mechanics.
· Appropriate citation style should be followed.
You should also make sure to:
· Include a title page with full name, class name, section
number, and date.
· Include an introductory and concluding paragraph and
demonstrate college-level communication through the
composition of original materials in Standard English.
· Use examples to support your discussion.
· Cite all sources on a separate reference page at the end of your
paper and cite within the body of your paper using APA format
and citation style. For more information on APA guidelines,
visit Academic Tools.

3. READING
The readings in this unit will provide you with examples of
leadership principles that are particularly relevant to emergency
management and homeland security. These are by no means the
only leadership principles that apply. Consider these principles
as well as others that might be useful in developing the
expected results section of your capstone project.
Visit the library and read the following:
· Modern Leadership Principles for Public Administration: Time
to Move Forward
· Leadership, Leadership Styles, and Servant Leadership
CJ598
Week 5 DQ
Expected Results and Recommendations
Provide an overview of the expected results from your study.
Consider what is already known about your topic from your
previous work evaluating existing studies and developing the
literature review section of your capstone project. Discuss how
your expected results relate back to what you know from the
literature. Identify at least three ways that leaders and
practitioners in the field might benefit from the results of your
study, or what recommendations might be appropriate to inform
policy and practice. Include citations from scholarly, peer-
reviewed sources to support your posts.
In your responses, identify additional practical applications that
might come from the expected results identified by your peers
Respond kindly to student #1(Felicia Campbell)
The research study for Houston, Texas and the
implementation of the Whole Community Approach ideally
would develop positive results. This approach could effectively
create a resilient community for future disasters. The Whole
Community Approach involves the community which would get

4. the outlook of those in Houston, Texas and their view of how
they see disasters being handled.. When researching the past
disasters and Houston in general; there was a substantial amount
of evidence that Houston was the highest populated city in
Texas, that the largest city in Texas is Houston, with a
population of 2,323,660 and had damaging disasters in the past
(Cities in Texas by Population, 2021). Houston had many
experiences in which there have been seven federally declared
disasters since 2015, including the novel coronavirus pandemic
(Understanding Houston, 2021). There was no evidence in my
research that Houston is currently using this approach. Utilizing
an approach that is new to Houston, Texas will show results and
change. This approach has seen many benefits that can help
create more short-term recovery versus long-term recovery.
Cities in Texas by Population (2021).
Worldpopulationreview.com.
https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/cities/texas
Understanding Houston. (2021). Understanding Houston.
https://www.understandinghouston.org/topic/disasters
Respond Kindly to Student #2 (William Leach)
Expected Results
A successful performance of the proposed study should render
information that assists in discovering new tactics in combating
human trafficking while improving those that are currently
established. This proposal should be able to accurately identify
what collective human characteristics and demographics create
the profile for a potential trafficking victim in the Maricopa
County area. Which assists the current task force in
understanding what measures are necessary to improve
mitigation and deterrence of current and past trafficking
participants. Results should also produce county economic
characteristics that would assist the Phoenix Arizona human
trafficking task force in better understanding what are the
economic draws of traffickers to this area. These results
combine to issue a narrowed results who is most at risk, mostly

5. targeted and the regular locations of trafficking discovering for
Phoenix Arizona. Additionally, proper application of grounded
theory expects to produce results which align to
recommendations for rehabilitative improvements through multi
agency efforts in tandem with the Phoenix Arizona human
trafficking task force.
Anticipated findings Related to Literature Review
· Theme 1
Based on the elements required to conduct social
disorganization theoretical utilization in the proposed study.
Elements such as low socioeconomic status, ethnic diversity,
population turnover, urbanization, and family disruption (Eargle
& Doucet, 2021). This study should be able to create at risk of
trafficking profiles for Maricopa County. This counties at risk
profiles should demonstrate the high prevalence of minority,
female, single parent home background, low educational
attainment, low economic status representations. Results that
are supported by findings in previous research studies
conducted by; Eargle & Doucet, Greeson et al and the city of
Phoenix compass plan documentation (Greeson, Tregila, & et al,
2019) (Eargle & Doucet, 2021) (Force, 2014). Quantitative
results should also be consistent with intended semi structural
interviews in the participant selection process. Which
suggestively highlights expected results creating the risk
profiles for Maricopa Co.
· Theme 2
Performing the proposed study should render results consistent
with research conducted by; Martin and Hill, and Miller et al.
(Kyle Miller et al, 2016) (Lauren Martin, 2019) . Which
officially label the county characteristics and business events
that draw a trafficking prevalence in the identified community.
The Phoenix Arizona community would discover a large gap
between socio economic classes. With high representation from
minority groups primarily of Hispanic and Mexican decent.
Data for this area should render a disproportionate number of
migrant citizens both documented and alien. Noticing that

6. Maricopa Co. is a nationally recognized metropolitan area. A
link towards high trafficking and sex worker volumes will align
with major events in this area. Consistent with sporting (i.e., the
supper bowl), convention, etc. events and previous research
conducted in various studies (Council, 219) (Lauren Martin,
2019).
· Theme 3
Post traumatic stress disorders are associated with a wide
variety of events that humans both regularly and irregularly
experience. Studies conducted by a variety of researchers link
PSTD to victims of the human trafficking industry. Through
tools utilized to evaluate post traumatic disorders in victims. As
well as victim testimonies in anonymous interviews, the current
proposal produce extensive links of PSTD related to human
trafficking in the Maricopa County area. The current proposal
can also point directions towards what communities and or
cultures are more at risk than others to experience PTSD related
to human trafficking. Which links the three themes together.
Principles of Leadership
Transformational Leadership- Applications
Transformational leadership requires concepts consistent with
influencing ideology, interpersonal motivation, individual
contributors, and intellectual stimulation (Keller & Ram, 2013).
A transformational leader within organizational management
attached to policy makers in human trafficking utilizes diversity
of people and perspective as its main source of application.
Policy makers in Phoenix Arizona would create applications
that represents effectiveness to their specific community. For
example, the results render minority groups (primarily Hispanic
and Mexican) to be the most at-risk cultural group to experience
trafficking and PTSD. Applicable policy would suggest a
requirement for all victims to receive adequate physical and
psychological services due to events of trafficking regardless of
American status.
Collaborative Leadership- Applications
Alike to transformational leadership, collaborative leadership

7. necessitates diversity which includes internal and external
stakeholders (Keller & Ram, 2013). Whilst diminishing the
importance of organizational hierarchies and raising the
importance of organizational relationships (Keller & Ram,
2013). The stronger relationships policy makers push the
importance of relationships with culturally diverse leaders
(pastors, principles, business CEO’s) within the community.
The better they understand the needs of the community. Needs
alike to the need to battle human trafficking in Maricopa Co.
Expected results assist relationships created within the
organizational heads to utilize results in identifying high risk
potential victims. Policy would require reporting of citizens
who exhibit a trafficking profile to Phoenix Arizona task force
officials.
Public Leadership
One can agree that public leadership is required in the
identification and support of public interactions. Which cannot
be completed without notions of authenticity, trans-formality,
and distribution (Keller & Ram, 2013). Authenticity discusses
the democratic values of public leadership (Keller & Ram,
2013). Whilst trans-formality develops and trains public
workforces (Keller & Ram, 2013). Also requiring discretion,
policy makers could implement applications that protect victim
and participant identities when attempting to rehabilitate back
into serviceable society. Meaning, when trafficked victims enter
rehabilitation facilities, no criminal charges can legally be
brought against them. Expected results from the performed
study discuss effects trafficking victims when attempting to
rehabilitate (Marti Castaner et al, 2021) (Jenss Chang et al,
2020). Furthermore, any criminally identifying records of
performances conducted during trafficking are expunged.
Action Oriented Leadership
Requiring policy makers to create applications that are effective
and can be implemented immediately. Previously discussed have
been applications that apply the presented themes of the present
study. All of which offer recommendations to either improve the

8. current failures and successes of the Phoenix Arizona human
trafficking task force. An additional policy application utilizing
the expected results would be to introduce legislation that
requires trafficking task force implementation for all major
events held within and or in conjunction to the Phoenix Arizona
area. Links between major events and trafficking and or sex
workers have been previously identified/ discussed.
References
Council, A. H. (219). Human Trafficking prevention and
Intervention in Arizona. Governors Office of Youth, Family and
Faith.
Eargle, L. A., & Doucet, J. M. (2021). Investigating Human
trafficking within the United States: A state- level analysis
of Prevalence and Correlates. Association Today, Vol. 20, Issue
1, p.13-26.
Force, M. H. (2014). City of Phoenix Compass Plan. Phoenix,
AZ: Phoenix.gov.
Greeson, J. K., Tregila, D., & et al, S. D. (2019). Prevalence
and Correlates of sex Trafficking among Homeless and
Runaway Youths Presenting for Shelter Services. Social
Work research, 43(2): 91-100. (10p).
Jenss Chang et al, R. D. (2020). Perspectives of Cambodian
(KHMER) Youth Victims of Sex Trafficking Trauma
Symptomology and a Qualitative Study. Journal of Ethnographic
and Qualitative Research, Vol.15,17-33.
Keller, D. S., & Ram, B. (2013). Modern leadership principles
for public administration: Time to move Forward. Journal of
Public Affairs, Vol.13,Issue1,p130-141,12p.
Kyle Miller et al, E. K. (2016). Do Public Events Affect Sex
Trafficking Activities. Auton Lab, Carnige Mellon University,
1-16.
Lauren Martin, A. H. (2019). Debunking the Myth of super
Bowl Sex Trafficking: Media Hype or Evidence- Based
coverage. Anti- Trafficking Law Review, Issue.13, pg.13-29.
Marti Castaner et al, R. F. (2021). How trauma related to sex
trafficking challenges parenting: Insights form Mexican and

9. Central American survivors in the United States. Plus one, 1-10.