This document provides a simulation where the user takes on the role of King Charles I of England and makes decisions that impacted the path to the English Civil War. The simulation covers key events such as Charles' first speech to Parliament, his marriage, his support of Buckingham after a failed military campaign, signing the Petition of Right, and imposing ship money taxes. For each decision, the user is given multiple options with different potential consequences in terms of gaining or losing points related to avoiding civil war. The user is provided feedback on how their decisions compare to what actually happened historically.
How To Write A Thesis Statement For An Essay About YourselfMichelle Franks
This essay analyzes the relationship between Virgil and Dante in Dante's Inferno through the lens of Freud's concepts of ego and super-ego. It argues that Virgil represents Dante's super-ego, guiding and protecting his ego (represented by Dante himself) through Hell. The essay discusses how Virgil instructs and restrains Dante, helping him understand the sins of the souls they encounter.
Dante's journey through Hell in Inferno can be viewed through the psychoanalytic lens
The document provides background information on King Charles I of England and poses a series of hypothetical decisions he could have made between 1625-1642 to potentially avoid the English Civil War. It summarizes key decisions Charles actually made, such as marrying a Catholic French princess, supporting his advisor Buckingham despite opposition, raising taxes without Parliament's consent, and attempting to arrest five MPs from Parliament, which escalated tensions and helped spark the Civil War in 1642. The purpose is to have the reader consider alternative choices Charles could have made that may have led to a more positive outcome.
The document provides information about how the United Kingdom is governed now compared to how England was governed in 1066 under William the Conqueror. It outlines lessons for students that involve comparing the roles of the monarch, prime minister, and parliament then versus now through activities like designing symbols of power and debating proposed laws. Key differences highlighted are that the monarch now rules ceremonially while parliament makes laws, unlike when the king's power was absolute in 1066.
Christmas Tree Shape Page, Lined Writing Paper ColoriKate Campbell
The laws discuss three laws that impact hiring practices: the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. These laws prohibit discrimination in hiring based on attributes such as race, religion, age, and disability. Compliance with these laws is mandatory to avoid lawsuits and penalties against the company. Understanding and following these laws is important for JetBlue to have fair and legal hiring practices.
The document provides information about how the United Kingdom is governed now compared to how England was governed in 1066 under William the Conqueror. It discusses the roles of the monarch, prime minister, and parliament both currently and in the past. Students are assigned roles from different time periods and create symbols representing their roles. The document then compares and contrasts how laws are made and how government works between 1066 and present day.
The document summarizes Martin Luther's 95 demands against the Catholic Church in 1517, especially his opposition to the selling of indulgences. It then instructs imagining being from Rome designing an advertising poster for indulgences to be put up in a village. The poster must include what crimes indulgences will cover, the cost, what they look like, who signed them, where the money will go, and why people should buy them.
This document provides steps for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net:
1. Create an account with a password and email.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, deadline, and sample work.
3. Choose a writer bid based on qualifications, history, and feedback, then pay a deposit to start.
4. Review the paper and authorize full payment or request revisions until satisfied. The service offers refunds for plagiarized work.
The document appears to be a collection of skills and attributes related to personal learning and skills (PLTS). It includes statements about being able to work with others, take responsibility, generate ideas, learn from mistakes, and develop independence as an enquirer through researching, considering different viewpoints, and backing up opinions with evidence. The focus is on self-management and independent enquiry skills.
How To Write A Thesis Statement For An Essay About YourselfMichelle Franks
This essay analyzes the relationship between Virgil and Dante in Dante's Inferno through the lens of Freud's concepts of ego and super-ego. It argues that Virgil represents Dante's super-ego, guiding and protecting his ego (represented by Dante himself) through Hell. The essay discusses how Virgil instructs and restrains Dante, helping him understand the sins of the souls they encounter.
Dante's journey through Hell in Inferno can be viewed through the psychoanalytic lens
The document provides background information on King Charles I of England and poses a series of hypothetical decisions he could have made between 1625-1642 to potentially avoid the English Civil War. It summarizes key decisions Charles actually made, such as marrying a Catholic French princess, supporting his advisor Buckingham despite opposition, raising taxes without Parliament's consent, and attempting to arrest five MPs from Parliament, which escalated tensions and helped spark the Civil War in 1642. The purpose is to have the reader consider alternative choices Charles could have made that may have led to a more positive outcome.
The document provides information about how the United Kingdom is governed now compared to how England was governed in 1066 under William the Conqueror. It outlines lessons for students that involve comparing the roles of the monarch, prime minister, and parliament then versus now through activities like designing symbols of power and debating proposed laws. Key differences highlighted are that the monarch now rules ceremonially while parliament makes laws, unlike when the king's power was absolute in 1066.
Christmas Tree Shape Page, Lined Writing Paper ColoriKate Campbell
The laws discuss three laws that impact hiring practices: the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. These laws prohibit discrimination in hiring based on attributes such as race, religion, age, and disability. Compliance with these laws is mandatory to avoid lawsuits and penalties against the company. Understanding and following these laws is important for JetBlue to have fair and legal hiring practices.
The document provides information about how the United Kingdom is governed now compared to how England was governed in 1066 under William the Conqueror. It discusses the roles of the monarch, prime minister, and parliament both currently and in the past. Students are assigned roles from different time periods and create symbols representing their roles. The document then compares and contrasts how laws are made and how government works between 1066 and present day.
The document summarizes Martin Luther's 95 demands against the Catholic Church in 1517, especially his opposition to the selling of indulgences. It then instructs imagining being from Rome designing an advertising poster for indulgences to be put up in a village. The poster must include what crimes indulgences will cover, the cost, what they look like, who signed them, where the money will go, and why people should buy them.
This document provides steps for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net:
1. Create an account with a password and email.
2. Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, deadline, and sample work.
3. Choose a writer bid based on qualifications, history, and feedback, then pay a deposit to start.
4. Review the paper and authorize full payment or request revisions until satisfied. The service offers refunds for plagiarized work.
The document appears to be a collection of skills and attributes related to personal learning and skills (PLTS). It includes statements about being able to work with others, take responsibility, generate ideas, learn from mistakes, and develop independence as an enquirer through researching, considering different viewpoints, and backing up opinions with evidence. The focus is on self-management and independent enquiry skills.
The document discusses contributions from ancient Sumerians, Egyptians, and Chinese civilizations. It notes that the Sumerians developed the world's first form of writing called cuneiform. The Egyptians invented many household objects still used today like combs, scissors, and toothpaste. China has had the oldest continuous civilization for over 4,000 years. It highlights that the Chinese developed a unified writing system, unique architectural styles based on symmetry, and advanced technology including paper making, printing, and the compass. Overall, the document outlines key inventions and cultural developments from these early civilizations that have provided lasting impacts.
Elizabeth had several suitors seeking her hand in marriage, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. The document describes four men: Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex from England; Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester from England; Phillip II of Spain; and Francis, Duke of Alencon from France. Each answers three questions about their religion, wealth, and any skeletons in their closet. The class participates in a speed dating activity to discuss the options before voting for the potential husband they think Elizabeth should choose.
No Child Left Behind Act Essay Paper. Online assignment writing service.Alisha Wooten
The document discusses the Russian economic crisis from 2014-2016. It notes that while oil prices collapsed and Western penalties continued, Russia's GDP only decreased 0.2% in 2016 and 2.8% in 2015, less than initial estimates. The economy has proven more resilient than expected by adapting production and finding new export markets to replace those in the West. Overall, the Russian economy has weathered the crisis better than anticipated.
The document provides information about registering and using the services of HelpWriting.net, an online service that assists with writing assignments.
In 3 sentences:
1. HelpWriting.net allows users to create an account with a password and email, then complete a form with assignment details to request help writing a paper.
2. Writers will bid on the request and users can choose a writer based on qualifications, then place a deposit to start the assignment with revisions available.
3. The site promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work, allowing users to request assistance with writing assignments confidently.
The Kyoto Protocol aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change. Key pros included legally binding emissions reduction targets and the establishment of a carbon trading system. However, major countries like the US did not ratify the agreement. Other cons were that the targets were not stringent enough to achieve the Protocol's environmental goals, and developing countries were not required to reduce emissions. Overall the Kyoto Protocol was an important step but faced challenges in implementation.
Example Of A Qualitative Research Article CritiqueKelly Lipiec
1. The document describes the process for obtaining writing assistance from HelpWriting.net, including registering for an account, submitting a request with instructions and deadline, and reviewing bids from writers before authorizing payment.
2. After receiving a completed paper, the customer can request free revisions to ensure satisfaction. HelpWriting.net promises original, high-quality content and offers refunds for plagiarized work.
3. The process involves registering, submitting a request form with instructions, reviewing writer bids, placing a deposit to start work, and authorizing final payment after receiving the paper if pleased with the results. Revisions are available and quality is guaranteed.
Free Printable Light Blue Paint Splatter Stationery In JPG AJody Sullivan
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work.
Essay Writing Resources For Teachers NFORDUCTCDustin Pytko
The document discusses the film The Pianist directed by Roman Polanski. It focuses on how the film portrays hope as being instrumental to survival. This is shown through the story of the pianist Wladyslaw Szpilman struggling to survive in Warsaw during World War 2 as everything around him is lost. Polanski uses music, dialogue, and lighting to demonstrate how Szpilman maintains his hope and will to survive, often through pretending to play the piano or actually playing to help others. Music from Chopin in particular brings sadness but also a hint of hope to the film.
College Essay Funny Compar. Online assignment writing service.Lindsey Sais
The document provides instructions for requesting and completing an assignment writing request through the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a form with assignment details. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund option for plagiarized content.
The passage discusses Edgar Allen Poe's short story "The Pit and the Pendulum" and whether the protagonist could realistically escape the descending blade of a pendulum swinging back and forth. Using the details provided in the story and physics formulas, the author calculates that the 30 foot pendulum would take approximately 72 seconds to complete 12 periods. It is then argued that 72 seconds would not provide enough time for the protagonist to develop and enact a full escape plan, as described in the story, to avoid being hit by the blade. Therefore, the protagonist's escape from the pendulum within that timeframe would not be realistic.
The document discusses the establishment and control of the Nazi regime in Germany between 1933-1945. It examines how Hitler consolidated power after becoming Chancellor in 1933, oppressing opposition through the SS and Gestapo. The Nazis tightly controlled culture and propaganda to promote their ideology, especially targeting youth through organizations like the Hitler Youth. Overall, the Nazis established a highly effective system of totalitarian control over all aspects of German society during this period.
The document provides revision material for a history exam focusing on three time periods:
1) International relations before 1939, including the Treaty of Versailles and rise of Hitler.
2) International relations after 1945, including the Cold War.
3) The Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
The revision material outlines sample exam questions, recommended timing, and topics that could be covered in different exam sections. It provides guidance on answering different types of exam questions and using sources.
The document outlines key events in German history following World War 1: A) Peace Treaties imposed harsh terms on Germany, B) Germany joined the League of Nations, C) Economic and political instability in Germany paved the way for radical changes, D) The democratic Weimar Republic struggled as Germany faced economic crisis, E) Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party rose to power by promising to restore Germany's economy and national pride, F) Once in power, Hitler eliminated political opposition and established a Nazi dictatorship.
A ppt that is being run as part of Intensive Week - whereby pupils play as Mayor of London Boris Johnson - and compete in an interactive simulation to score points whilst testing their Geographical knowledge
This document outlines the learning outcomes and activities for a session. The session aims to have students apply their knowledge from previous sessions to produce a mind map. Students will then take turns explaining their mind map to a partner and get feedback from someone new.
1. The document discusses several social reforms passed by the British government between 1890-1918, including establishing a minimum pension age of 70, national insurance to protect against illness/unemployment, and labor exchanges to help unemployed workers find jobs.
2. It also covers women's suffrage movements and the Representation of the People Act of 1918 that granted the vote to all women over the age of 30.
3. Wartime measures are outlined like the Defense of the Realm Act that expanded government powers and the introduction of conscription in 1916 as volunteer recruitment declined.
This document appears to be an incomplete form asking a student to provide self-assessment feedback on their written work. It includes numbered lines but no other text. The student is prompted to write a review in the box below on how well they have progressed in their written work.
The document summarizes key events in international relations from 1919 to 1939 following World War 1, including the Treaty of Versailles and the formation and failures of the League of Nations. It discusses the peace settlements imposed on Germany and its allies after WWI and rising militarism in Germany, Italy, and Japan in the 1930s. It also covers the policy of appeasement pursued by Britain and France toward Hitler as he remilitarized Germany and annexed territories like the Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and invaded Poland.
The document discusses ways to use the Moviemaker software in teaching and learning. It recommends that teachers create a movie to use in lessons within the next two weeks. Moviemaker can be used to make video demonstrations for students, engage visual learners through visual presentations, and allow students to create digital stories or reflective journals. Students are then able to view videos at their own leisure on any computer with internet access. The document also discusses using videos for assessment, such as having students submit assignments in video format or providing video feedback.
Staff are scheduled to receive training on various topics at different locations and times on Monday October 5th, 2009. The training will cover sharing best practices, creating materials to use in upcoming lessons, and learning to navigate the library network storage and e-learning folders. The agenda also includes a discussion on why using sound and video in lessons can be effective, with an example video clip provided. Teachers will then participate in an interactive activity where they must determine the odd slide out of a series. The document also includes simulated historical role-playing instructions where the staff member must research 1960s events and react to breaking news of an event that occurred in Dallas. It lists various teachers' names assigned to different classrooms for the school day.
The document discusses contributions from ancient Sumerians, Egyptians, and Chinese civilizations. It notes that the Sumerians developed the world's first form of writing called cuneiform. The Egyptians invented many household objects still used today like combs, scissors, and toothpaste. China has had the oldest continuous civilization for over 4,000 years. It highlights that the Chinese developed a unified writing system, unique architectural styles based on symmetry, and advanced technology including paper making, printing, and the compass. Overall, the document outlines key inventions and cultural developments from these early civilizations that have provided lasting impacts.
Elizabeth had several suitors seeking her hand in marriage, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. The document describes four men: Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex from England; Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester from England; Phillip II of Spain; and Francis, Duke of Alencon from France. Each answers three questions about their religion, wealth, and any skeletons in their closet. The class participates in a speed dating activity to discuss the options before voting for the potential husband they think Elizabeth should choose.
No Child Left Behind Act Essay Paper. Online assignment writing service.Alisha Wooten
The document discusses the Russian economic crisis from 2014-2016. It notes that while oil prices collapsed and Western penalties continued, Russia's GDP only decreased 0.2% in 2016 and 2.8% in 2015, less than initial estimates. The economy has proven more resilient than expected by adapting production and finding new export markets to replace those in the West. Overall, the Russian economy has weathered the crisis better than anticipated.
The document provides information about registering and using the services of HelpWriting.net, an online service that assists with writing assignments.
In 3 sentences:
1. HelpWriting.net allows users to create an account with a password and email, then complete a form with assignment details to request help writing a paper.
2. Writers will bid on the request and users can choose a writer based on qualifications, then place a deposit to start the assignment with revisions available.
3. The site promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work, allowing users to request assistance with writing assignments confidently.
The Kyoto Protocol aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change. Key pros included legally binding emissions reduction targets and the establishment of a carbon trading system. However, major countries like the US did not ratify the agreement. Other cons were that the targets were not stringent enough to achieve the Protocol's environmental goals, and developing countries were not required to reduce emissions. Overall the Kyoto Protocol was an important step but faced challenges in implementation.
Example Of A Qualitative Research Article CritiqueKelly Lipiec
1. The document describes the process for obtaining writing assistance from HelpWriting.net, including registering for an account, submitting a request with instructions and deadline, and reviewing bids from writers before authorizing payment.
2. After receiving a completed paper, the customer can request free revisions to ensure satisfaction. HelpWriting.net promises original, high-quality content and offers refunds for plagiarized work.
3. The process involves registering, submitting a request form with instructions, reviewing writer bids, placing a deposit to start work, and authorizing final payment after receiving the paper if pleased with the results. Revisions are available and quality is guaranteed.
Free Printable Light Blue Paint Splatter Stationery In JPG AJody Sullivan
The document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with a refund option for plagiarized work.
Essay Writing Resources For Teachers NFORDUCTCDustin Pytko
The document discusses the film The Pianist directed by Roman Polanski. It focuses on how the film portrays hope as being instrumental to survival. This is shown through the story of the pianist Wladyslaw Szpilman struggling to survive in Warsaw during World War 2 as everything around him is lost. Polanski uses music, dialogue, and lighting to demonstrate how Szpilman maintains his hope and will to survive, often through pretending to play the piano or actually playing to help others. Music from Chopin in particular brings sadness but also a hint of hope to the film.
College Essay Funny Compar. Online assignment writing service.Lindsey Sais
The document provides instructions for requesting and completing an assignment writing request through the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a form with assignment details. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund option for plagiarized content.
The passage discusses Edgar Allen Poe's short story "The Pit and the Pendulum" and whether the protagonist could realistically escape the descending blade of a pendulum swinging back and forth. Using the details provided in the story and physics formulas, the author calculates that the 30 foot pendulum would take approximately 72 seconds to complete 12 periods. It is then argued that 72 seconds would not provide enough time for the protagonist to develop and enact a full escape plan, as described in the story, to avoid being hit by the blade. Therefore, the protagonist's escape from the pendulum within that timeframe would not be realistic.
The document discusses the establishment and control of the Nazi regime in Germany between 1933-1945. It examines how Hitler consolidated power after becoming Chancellor in 1933, oppressing opposition through the SS and Gestapo. The Nazis tightly controlled culture and propaganda to promote their ideology, especially targeting youth through organizations like the Hitler Youth. Overall, the Nazis established a highly effective system of totalitarian control over all aspects of German society during this period.
The document provides revision material for a history exam focusing on three time periods:
1) International relations before 1939, including the Treaty of Versailles and rise of Hitler.
2) International relations after 1945, including the Cold War.
3) The Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
The revision material outlines sample exam questions, recommended timing, and topics that could be covered in different exam sections. It provides guidance on answering different types of exam questions and using sources.
The document outlines key events in German history following World War 1: A) Peace Treaties imposed harsh terms on Germany, B) Germany joined the League of Nations, C) Economic and political instability in Germany paved the way for radical changes, D) The democratic Weimar Republic struggled as Germany faced economic crisis, E) Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party rose to power by promising to restore Germany's economy and national pride, F) Once in power, Hitler eliminated political opposition and established a Nazi dictatorship.
A ppt that is being run as part of Intensive Week - whereby pupils play as Mayor of London Boris Johnson - and compete in an interactive simulation to score points whilst testing their Geographical knowledge
This document outlines the learning outcomes and activities for a session. The session aims to have students apply their knowledge from previous sessions to produce a mind map. Students will then take turns explaining their mind map to a partner and get feedback from someone new.
1. The document discusses several social reforms passed by the British government between 1890-1918, including establishing a minimum pension age of 70, national insurance to protect against illness/unemployment, and labor exchanges to help unemployed workers find jobs.
2. It also covers women's suffrage movements and the Representation of the People Act of 1918 that granted the vote to all women over the age of 30.
3. Wartime measures are outlined like the Defense of the Realm Act that expanded government powers and the introduction of conscription in 1916 as volunteer recruitment declined.
This document appears to be an incomplete form asking a student to provide self-assessment feedback on their written work. It includes numbered lines but no other text. The student is prompted to write a review in the box below on how well they have progressed in their written work.
The document summarizes key events in international relations from 1919 to 1939 following World War 1, including the Treaty of Versailles and the formation and failures of the League of Nations. It discusses the peace settlements imposed on Germany and its allies after WWI and rising militarism in Germany, Italy, and Japan in the 1930s. It also covers the policy of appeasement pursued by Britain and France toward Hitler as he remilitarized Germany and annexed territories like the Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and invaded Poland.
The document discusses ways to use the Moviemaker software in teaching and learning. It recommends that teachers create a movie to use in lessons within the next two weeks. Moviemaker can be used to make video demonstrations for students, engage visual learners through visual presentations, and allow students to create digital stories or reflective journals. Students are then able to view videos at their own leisure on any computer with internet access. The document also discusses using videos for assessment, such as having students submit assignments in video format or providing video feedback.
Staff are scheduled to receive training on various topics at different locations and times on Monday October 5th, 2009. The training will cover sharing best practices, creating materials to use in upcoming lessons, and learning to navigate the library network storage and e-learning folders. The agenda also includes a discussion on why using sound and video in lessons can be effective, with an example video clip provided. Teachers will then participate in an interactive activity where they must determine the odd slide out of a series. The document also includes simulated historical role-playing instructions where the staff member must research 1960s events and react to breaking news of an event that occurred in Dallas. It lists various teachers' names assigned to different classrooms for the school day.
Staff are provided training on how to access and use the school's media library. The library contains sound and video files that teachers can insert into PowerPoint presentations for use in lessons. Teachers are shown how to browse the library folders on the shared drive to find suitable files, and how to insert selected video and audio files into PowerPoint slides so they play automatically or must be clicked to play.
The document provides tips for conducting effective online searches to find specific information on topics related to human impact on the environment and climate change. It recommends using multiple search terms combined with Boolean operators like "OR" to find results for multiple phrases, and using quotation marks for exact phrases or a minus sign to exclude unwanted terms. Specific search tools like searching within a website or using wildcards are also mentioned.
This document discusses e-learning and provides tips for integrating technology into teaching. It begins with a question about whether the recipient is a 21st century pupil and asks what they did over the school holidays. It then defines e-learning as technology enhanced learning. The rest of the document lists various e-learning resources and tools, such as the school media library and 10 cross-curricular ICT tips, and provides short descriptions and links for each.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document contains several sources and questions about cartoons depicting perceptions of and reactions to the Treaty of Versailles in Germany. Source A cartoons from 1919 and 1921 portray Germany as being unfairly punished by the treaty through guillotine or high reparations payments. The questions ask about what the cartoonists suggest about the treaty and reasons for German resentment of its terms, such as reparations, loss of territory, and restrictions placed on the country.
The document provides revision guidance for a GCSE Modern World History exam covering three sections:
Section A involves analyzing primary sources from either the pre-1939 or post-1945 periods. Section B involves choosing one essay question from topics in international relations or the Cold War. Section C covers the German depth study with sources and essays on Weimar or Nazi Germany. Time recommendations are given for each section.
This document summarizes a session for teachers on using interactive whiteboards more effectively. The session covered saving annotations, screen shades, spotlights, magnification, and recording functions. It demonstrated tools like highlighters and research pods and discussed using color-coded text to interactively engage students. The document stresses that teachers need practice with the interactive whiteboard to develop fine motor skills and recommends cross-curricular use of the technology.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
1. Starter Look at the words on the left – which are key words that can be used in History. Can you think of any other way to spell them that sound the same as you would say them? [ Homophones ] Heir Son Rode Sea Pour Hair Their
2. Starter Look at the words on the left – which are key words that can be used in History. Can you think of any other way to spell them that sound the same as you would say them? [ Homophones ] Heir Son Rode Sea Pour Hair Their Air Sun Road See Poor Hare There
3. Fill in the CAUSE or CONSEQUENCE boxes. Remember there can be more than one (1) for both – so don’t worry if you can think of more! EXT – add some more Causes, Events and Consequences below.... Starter Cause(s) Event Consequence(s) A crash on the M6 motorway Queensbridge School receives a ‘Good’ OfSTED Princess Diana dies in Paris Madeline McCann goes missing Henry VIII breaks with the Catholic Church William wins the Battle of Hastings
10. Evaluate the decisions Charles made via an interactive decision making simulation Learning outcome
11. I talk to people when I need help. I can explain what needs doing and why. I know how to deal with problems. I can see what needs improving. I use different viewpoints to reach a shared solution. I can support other people in their views and beliefs. I work well with others. I listen to others’ points of view. I change my behaviour to suit the situation. I respect other people’s differences. I take responsibility. I help others by giving them useful advice. I can generate ideas and possibilities. I ask questions to find out more. I can see how ideas or pieces of information fit together. I challenge ideas and assumptions that I make or that others make. I test ideas. I change ideas when I need to. I can see what has worked well and what hasn’t worked well. I know my targets and what I have to do to meet them. As I work, I can see how well I am doing. I listen to the advice of adults and people in my class. I learn from my mistakes. I let people know how I learn best. I like a new challenge. I work to goals and commit myself to tasks. I get to lessons on time with the equipment I need. I take risks and deal with them sensibly. I plan my own time and work to deadlines. I am able to deal with change. Effective Participator Team worker Creative thinkers Reflective Learner Self-Manager I can spot questions and problems that need answering and solving. I can plan and carry out a piece of research. I can look at things from different points of view. I can think about how important or relevant some information is. I can see how decisions or events are influenced by different points of view, beliefs or circumstances. I can back up points of view using arguments and evidence. Independent Enquirer
12. Effective participator I talk to people when I need help. I can explain what needs doing and why. I know how to deal with problems. I see what needs to be improved. I work with others to reach solutions. I can support other people in their views and beliefs. Team worker I work well with others. I listen to others’ points of view. I know how to behave in formal and informal situations. I respect other people’s differences. I take responsibility for my role within the group. I help others by giving them useful advice.
13. In 1649 the King of England, Charles I, was beheaded. Since 1642 he had been involved in a bitter Civil War with Parliament. In this simulation you will take the role of King Charles, and will make a number of decisions about how to run your country. We will examine your decisions compared to the rest of the class! After making each decision you will be told what the result of it was, and how it compares to what Charles really did. At the end of the game you will be told how likely it is that your decisions would have plunged England into a bitter Civil War! The Big Picture You will start with a score rating of 100
18. You have just become King, and it is time to make your first speech to Parliament. You realise that Parliament is very important for your power, because it raises money for you in the form of taxes. Crowds cheer as you make your way into the Palace of Westminster, dressed in all your robes of state. The House of Commons all stand up as you enter, and you take your seat at the far end of the Chamber (see picture). Everyone sits down and waits in silence to hear what you have to say. What is the main message of your speech likely to be?
19. A I’ve been chosen by God to rule this country, and it’s Parliament’s duty to obey my orders so the country can be united and strong. B I’ve been given this job by the people of my Kingdom, and I plan to reach all my decision by close consultation with Parliament. This will be done even if it means decisions are taken more slowly. Attitude to Parliament
20. A I’ve been chosen by God to rule this country, and it’s Parliament’s duty to obey my orders so the country can be united and strong. Attitude to Parliament Lose 10 points Parliament is not very impressed with your speech, which seems unnecessarily aggressive. There are lots of mumbles of discontent as you march out. You may be storing up problems for the future! Parliament is not very impressed with your speech, which seems unnecessarily aggressive. There are lots of mumbles of discontent as you march out. You may be storing up problems for the future!
21. B I’ve been given this job by the people of my Kingdom, and I plan to reach all my decision by close consultation with Parliament. This will be done even if it means decisions are taken more slowly. Attitude to Parliament Add 5 to your total Parliament is very impressed with your speech. You seem to be a King who respects them and they just hope that you will stick by your promises. Well done – add 5 to your score!
22. What really happened? In reality, Charles said that he had been chosen by God to rule the country, and that it was the duty of Parliament to obey his orders so that the country could be strong and united. He called this idea " Divine Right " - in other words, a right given by God.
26. Marriage It is 1625. Following your speech to Parliament, you get down to the everyday business of government, which you find very tiring. Your best friend, the Duke of Buckingham (a former favourite of your father), notices how worn out you are and takes you out for the day horse-riding. Eventually, you are deep in the countryside and you stop for a bite to eat. Climbing off his horse, Buckingham passes you his drinking flask and asks if you have given any more thought to getting married now that you are King.
27. Marriage A – I’ll marry an English Protestant, so that Parliament can see I’m reliable and trustworthy B – I plan to stay single. Children could grow up and steal my throne from me! C – I’ll marry a French Catholic so that Parliament can see that I’m friendly to all other countries and other religions. That will also bring in more money and influence via trade.
28. Marriage A – I’ll marry an English Protestant, so that Parliament can see I’m reliable and trustworthy This is probably the most sensible option. Catholic countries won't be happy, but at least your own Parliament will be convinced that you can be relied upon to protect the Church of England. Puritans too are less likely to be angered by this policy. Well done - the chances of Civil War have not risen! Don’t lose any points!
29. Marriage B – I plan to stay single. Children could grow up and steal my throne from me! This might be a sensible option in the short term, but in the long term it means that the country will face all sorts of problems about finding a new King after you are gone. When MP's get to hear of your decision they are very worried - a lot of them can remember the problems created by Elizabeth's refusal to marry Lose 3 points
30. Marriage C – I’ll marry a French Catholic so that Parliament can see that I’m friendly to all other countries and other religions. That will also bring in more money and influence via trade. This is not a very wise choice. Parliament is absolutely appalled that their King is getting married to a CATHOLIC! They are incredibly suspicious that you are maybe a Catholic yourself, and will be keeping a very close eye on you from now on... Lose 10 points from your total!
31. What really happened? Charles not only married a CATHOLIC , but a FRENCH one! This was not popular at all in Parliament. Many people thought that maybe Charles himself was a secret Catholic. The new Queen's name was Henrietta Maria (shown here with her son, the future Charles II). Charles was besotted with her beauty and soon the new Queen was to have a firm hold, and influence, over the King.
33. Buckingham It is 1626. Following your wedding, Buckingham tells you of his exciting (but expensive) plan to attack the Spanish with a fleet of ships. You love the idea, and although Parliament is not very keen, it eventually gives you the money for the operation. Buckingham sets off, but within a few days you get reports that he has made a complete pig's ear of the whole thing. Some ships have been sunk by the Spanish galleons, many men have been killed, and Buckingham is sailing back to England in disgrace. Parliament is furious, and is demanding that Buckingham be put into prison as soon as he gets back.
34. Buckingham A – Agree to Parliament’s demands. Buckingham messed up – he should pay the penalty! B – Refuse to punish Buckingham. He is a loyal friend. Instead put some MPs in prison to show who the real boss is around here! C – Send Buckingham to Court – (run by Parliament) and let them decide what to do with him after hearing all the evidence
35. Buckingham A – Agree to Parliament’s demands. Buckingham messed up – he should pay the penalty! You do not rate very highly as a friend, but at least you are realistic. By sacrificing Buckingham you are able to distance yourself from his failure and not take too much blame. Don’t lose any points from your score
36. Buckingham B – Refuse to punish Buckingham. He is a loyal friend. Instead put some MPs in prison to show who the real boss is around here! Buckingham breathes a sigh of relief, but Parliament is absolutely outraged by your behaviour. Lose 10 points
37. Buckingham C – Send Buckingham to Court – (run by Parliament) and let them decide what to do with him after hearing all the evidence A clever move, in a way - you avoid siding either with Buckingham or Parliament. However, neither side is happy with this. It looks like you haven't got the guts to decide what should be done for yourself Lose just 3 points from your score
38. What really happened? Charles stood by his friend. This saved the life of Buckingham , but Parliament was furious with the way that the King clearly didn't care about what it wanted. In the end, Charles's support didn't save Buckingham , who was assassinated a couple of years later. Charles was deeply upset, but most MPs were secretly glad that he was out of the picture at last.
39. Petition of Right It is 1628. Following the disastrous Spanish campaign, Parliament produces the the Petition of Right , which says that the King will have to deal much more closely with Parliament in future and ask their permission before reaching any important decisions. You initially refuse to sign, but it becomes clear that if you do not sign then Parliament will not be willing to give you any more money. What do you do?
41. Petition of Right A – Sign it, but ignore it completely afterwards. At least this way Parliament will think they’re got one over you – but you’ll know differently! B – Sign it, and stick to it. After all Parliament represents the will of the people and you’ve had enough fallings out recently. C – Send in your troops to Parliament and bully them a bit. You’re the boss around here – and you’re getting a tad fed up with Parliament thinking differently!
42. Petition of Right A – Sign it, but ignore it completely afterwards. At least this way Parliament will think they’re got one over you – but you’ll know differently! With a great show of reluctance, you sign the Petition of Right and then leave Parliament. They are very happy that you have been prepared to compromise like this. It is only a matter of time, though, before they realise that you have no intention of sticking to the Petition... Lose 5 from your total
43. Petition of Right B – Sign it, and stick to it. After all Parliament represents the will of the people and you’ve had enough fallings out recently. You sign the Petition, and stick by it. Many people are surprised that you give in so easily to the demands of Parliament, and think that you are a bit spineless. Parliament, though, is overjoyed. It seems that you have managed to avoid leading the country any closer to Civil War on this occasion - well done! Don’t lose anything from your total
44. Petition of Right C – Send in your troops to Parliament and bully them a bit. You’re the boss around here – and you’re getting a tad fed up with Parliament thinking differently! This does not do anything to improve your reputation. All you do is appear aggressive and bossy. The fact remains that Parliament is where you will get your money from, and you cannot afford to anger them too much. Lose 15 from your total!
45. What really happened? Charles signed the Petition of Right, but had no intention whatsoever of sticking to it. Parliament soon realised this, and leading MPs like John Pym (right) now began to feel that Charles was not a man who could be trusted. Charles had got away with it this time – but had blotted his copy book a further time with Parliament!
50. Economic problems It is 1629. You are fed up with Parliament trying to boss you around, and have it dissolved. However, you still need the money which Parliament usually gives you, and so you decide to raise some Ship Money – and you say it is to protect the people against Pirates! This is a tax which is usually paid by towns on the coast during a war so that ships can be built to protect them. Where shall you impose Ship Money?
51. Economic problems A – Costal towns. I won’t raise as much cash, but at least I’ll not be offending people! B – Costal and inland towns all over the country. I’ll raise loads of ‘dosh’ this way! C – Costal towns first. Then gradually implement it to inland towns in the form of a new tax. I should be able to manage my finances this way!
52. Economic problems A – Costal towns. I won’t raise as much cash, but at least I’ll not be offending people! A sensible policy, although the coastal towns are very angry about the tax because the country isn't even at war! Lose 5 points from your health
53. Economic problems B – Costal and inland towns all over the country. I’ll raise loads of ‘dosh’ this way! A terrible error. The country isn't even at war to start with, and of what use will ships be for Midland counties?! It is quite clear to the public that this is just an easy way for you to raise money without having to go to Parliament. Lose 10 points from your health
54. Economic problems C – Costal towns first. Then gradually implement it to inland towns in the form of a new tax. I should be able to manage my finances this way! It makes a lot of sense to introduce the policy gradually to see how badly people react. Nevertheless, the country isn't even at war to start with, and of what use will ships be for Midland counties?! It is quite clear to the public that this is just an easy way for you to raise money without having to go to Parliament. Lose 8 points from your health
55. What really happened? Charles imposed Ship Money firstly on the coastal counties, then on the inland counties as well. This was deeply resented, because not only was the country not at war, but even if it was then the inland counties would hardly need ships to protect them! One man, John Hampden , refused to pay the money, and was taken to court. The judges were on Charles's side and decided that Hampden had to pay.
59. Religious problems (a) It is 1637. William Laud , your Archbishop of Canterbury, is trying to make the Church of England more popular by making Churches more decorative and beautiful. Many Puritans feel that Laud is actually a Catholic in disguise and very soon lots of pamphlets start appearing which say so. Eventually you arrest three people in connection with this named Prynne, Burton and Bastwick . What do you do with them?
60.
61. Religious problems (a) A – Execute them. Religion has causes enough problems over the years for Monarchs and we don’t want these people causing even more problems. B – Imprison them. In that way they won’t become martyrs. C – Disfigure them. In that way they will look stupid, and will scare people off trying anything like this again!
62. Religious problems (a) A – Execute them. Religion has causes enough problems over the years for Monarchs and we don’t want these people causing even more problems. You have Prynne, Burton and Bastwick burnt at the stake as heretics. This certainly frightens a lot of people, but in the long term you are seen as being brutal and unreasonable. Even worse, a lot of people now become convinced that you are a Catholic, like "Bloody Mary"! Lose 10 points from your health
63. Religious problems (a) B – Imprison them. In that way they won’t become martyrs. Prynne, Burton and Bastwick are thrown into the Tower of London. Probably the most sensible option. This will not make you popular with the Puritans, but at least you will manage to keep their ideas from spreading quite so fast. Lose 3 points from your health
64. Religious problems (a) C – Disfigure them. In that way they will look stupid, and will scare people off trying anything like this again! You have the three offenders tortured very nastily and then released. This certainly frightens a lot of people into silence, but secretly many people think that you are now very unreasonable and maybe even a secret Catholic yourself. They want revenge! Lose 8 points from your health
65. What really happened? Charles decided to humiliate Prynne, Burton and Bastwick. He had their ears cut off with blunt knives so that they would not be able to hear any more nasty things about Laud. Many of the King's opponents thought that this was far too brutal, and suggested that maybe Laud was a cannibal who was going to eat the ears for dinner! (see picture)
67. Religious problems (b) It is 1637. Archbishop Laud visits you in your palace, bringing with him a New Prayer Book which includes a few Catholic-style touches. "Your Majesty," he says, "with this book we could strengthen our Church by making it more decorative and beautiful; and with Prynne, Burton and Bastwick now dealt with there is no reason for it to fail". You are very interested, but become a bit concerned when Laud suggests that it should also be imposed in Scotland. "Surely that would be dangerous, Laud?" you say. "Why?" he asks. "Because the Scots are even stronger Protestants than the English, and could react really badly. Maybe we should just limit it to England for now". "But your Highness!" replies Laud, "If we don't impose it on the Scots, then they would have a different religion to the rest of your Kingdom, which would never do!" You realise that what he says also makes sense. What do you do?
68. Religious problems (b) A – Don’t impose it at all. The Scots have a bit of a history of rebellion and it may be more trouble than it’s worth trying to force the book on them. B – Impose it quickly, and firmly. If you don’t then England and Scotland would have two different religions – that’ll never do in your Kingdom!
69. Religious problems (b) A – Don’t impose it at all. The Scots have a bit of a history of rebellion and it may be more trouble than it’s worth trying to force the book on them. This makes sense in a way, although you end up with England and Scotland having different religions. It will not be long before the Scots start pressing for independence on other issues too. Lose 5 points
70. Religious problems (b) B – Impose it quickly, and firmly. If you don’t then England and Scotland would have two different religions – that’ll never do in your Kingdom! Firmness can also be stubbornness. The Scots are furious at being told to use what they see as a Catholic Prayer Book, and start to rebel against you. Lose 10 points
71. What really happened? Charles decided to impose the Prayer Book swiftly and firmly in Scotland. This was a terrible mistake, as the Scots were very strong Protestants and thought that the book was a piece of Catholic evil. When priests tried to read it out, there were riots
75. Bishop’s War with Scotland It is 1640. The Scots no longer have any sense of loyalty to you, and eventually you agree with Laud and the Bishops that war must be declared. Unfortunately, the Scots smash your armies to pieces! They are now in the North of England, and you have to pay them £850 per day just to stop them from coming any further! You simply can't raise this much money, and have to call Parliament to ask for some extra cash. Parliament, though, is furious with you for imposing Ship Money and following Laud's ideas - they accuse you of trying to cut down the English Church.The MP's say that in return for the money you must hand over Laud and your favourite soldier, Strafford, for execution as traitors
76. Bishop’s War with Scotland A – Hand over Laud and Strafford to Parliament. You haven’t really got any choice! B – Refuse to hand over them. They’re your mates and you rate them as soldiers after all. If things get a bit hairy later on – you may need to rely on them both!
77. Bishop’s War with Scotland A – Hand over Laud and Strafford to Parliament. You haven’t really got any choice! Painful, but realistic. Laud and Strafford are handed over and swiftly executed by Parliament - but at least you are able to keep the Scots under control. Nevertheless, it is becoming clear that Parliament is getting the upper hand and is becoming incredibly bossy. Lose 3 points from your total
78. Bishop’s War with Scotland B – Refuse to hand over them. They’re your mates and you rate them as soldiers after all. If things get a bit hairy later on – you may need to rely on them both! What's the point?! Parliament simply gets more angry, and you know that you will have to agree unless you want the Scots to march to London and take your throne! All that happens is that you have to give them up for execution anyway, after falling out even more with Parliament Lose 10 points from your total!
80. What really happened? Charles had little choice in the matter. He sacrificed Laud and Strafford, who were both executed. The executions drew massive crowds outside the Tower of London, as both men were widely hated. Charles was deeply upset about the whole business .
82. The 5 members It is 1642. Parliament recently passed the Grand Remonstrance , which limited your powers still further. However, it only just got through Parliament - 159 people voted in favour, but 148 voted against it. Many MP's are clearly coming over to your side and think that Parliament is getting too big for its boots. Some of your advisors suggest that this is a good time to arrest the leading Five Members of Parliament who are against you so that you can get back in control. What do you say?
83. The 5 members A – Burst into Parliament tomorrow and grab the 5 unawares! B – Forget the idea – it will just cause more trouble than it’s worth! C – Use a few spies to work out when the 5 members will be in Parliament, then go ahead and grab them there!
84. The 5 members A – Burst into Parliament tomorrow and grab the 5 unawares! A terrible mistake. Although you succeed in arresting the 5 Members , all those MP's who had been supporting you are now convinced that you are evil. Parliament is re-united against you and your situation looks worse than ever. Lose 3 points
85. The 5 members B – Forget the idea – it will just cause more trouble than it’s worth! A wise move. In this way you will encourage more MP's to come over to your side and not scare them off by acting too harshly, although a few others think that you are weak and unable to stand up to Parliament. Gain 5 points
86. The 5 members C – Use a few spies to work out when the 5 members will be in Parliament, then go ahead and grab them there! You send the spies, but some of them must have been double-agents, because the 5 Members get to hear of the plan to arrest them and vanish. When you burst into Parliament they are already gone and you look a complete fool. Lose 15 points
88. What really happened? Charles decided to use a few spies to work out when the 5 Members would all be in Parliament, but some of them must have been double-agents, because the 5 Members got to hear of the plan to arrest them and vanished. When Charles burst into Parliament they were not there and the Speaker refused to tell the King where they were, saying "I have neither eyes to see nor ears to hear in this place." Charles had no option but to leave again, looking a complete idiot.
92. The Irish and the 19 propositions The Irish are in open rebellion against you because they can see that you are having problems. You go to Parliament and tell them how important it is to send an army over there to deal with them. They agree, but you are shocked when they present you with a list of Nineteen Propositions which demand that control of the army should be in the hands of Parliament and that even the education of your children should be in their hands.
93. The Irish and the 19 propositions A Give into their demands. It’s important that the country gets back to normal whatever the personal cost to me B Refuse. It would be humiliating and leave you powerless
94. The Irish and the 19 propositions A Give into their demands. It’s important that the country gets back to normal whatever the personal cost to me In the circumstances, this is probably the best you can do, although it is only making Parliament ever more arrogant Add 3 to your score
95. The Irish and the 19 propositions B Refuse. It would be humiliating and leave you powerless By refusing to accept you prove that you have a great deal of principle, but it means that any chance of compromise is over. War is now inevitable. Lose 15 points
96. What really happened? Charles completely refused to surrender control of the army, saying that to do so would make him "a mere phantom of a King". At this point both sides realised that there was no hope of agreement, and that a war was now inevitable. In August 1642 Charles raised his standard at Nottingham and appealed to all loyal subjects to join him in a war against Parliament. The Civil War had begun.