The document outlines the civic education scheme of work for the first term of SSS1. It covers various topics related to civic education over 12 weeks, including the meaning and importance of civic education, values and justice in society, community service, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, youth empowerment, citizenship education, and nationalism. The goal is to educate Nigerian youth on their civic duties and responsibilities to become good citizens and future leaders through imparting the right values, attitudes, and behaviors.
1. The document outlines key provisions regarding the legislative department under the Philippine Constitution, including the powers and composition of the Senate and House of Representatives.
2. It discusses the qualifications, terms, and powers of senators and representatives. It also covers the legislative process, congressional oversight powers and immunity, as well as the commissions on appointments and electoral tribunals.
3. The legislative power is vested in Congress, consisting of the Senate and House, with exceptions for initiatives and referendums exercised directly by the people. Congress has broad lawmaking powers, subject only to substantive and procedural limits in the Constitution.
This document summarizes citizenship laws in the Philippines. It outlines who is considered a citizen, including those who were citizens at the time the constitution was adopted, those with Filipino fathers or mothers, and those born to Filipino mothers before 1973 who choose Philippine citizenship. It also discusses natural-born citizens, the differences between citizens and aliens, acquisition of citizenship by birth or naturalization, and related rights and obligations.
The document discusses political dynasties in the Philippines. It defines political dynasties as hereditary succession to public positions by family members. While the 1987 Philippine Constitution prohibits political dynasties, no law has been enacted to enforce this provision. As a result, many members of Congress still come from prominent political families, with around 76% of representatives in the 14th Congress belonging to political clans.
The document discusses the key differences between a state and a government. A state is a broader concept that encompasses territory, people, sovereignty and government. It is a permanent entity, while governments are temporary agencies that are delegated power by the state. A state possesses absolute sovereignty, while a government's powers are derived and limited. Citizens belong to the permanent state but only some are part of the temporary governing body. The state is an abstract concept while government is the concrete organization that acts on its behalf.
This document discusses government provisions for online courtesy and etiquette in the Philippines. It outlines Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013, which defines bullying and requires schools to implement anti-bullying policies. It also discusses Republic Act 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, which aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions and specifically criminalizes computer crimes like cybersex, child pornography, and identity theft that were previously not strongly regulated. The acts were passed to address alarming bullying statistics and protect individuals' privacy and integrity online.
Citizenship involves membership in a political society that implies duties of allegiance and protection. There are various ways to acquire citizenship, such as by birth in a country (jus soli) or descent from citizen parents (jus sanguinis). Citizenship can also be acquired through naturalization which makes a foreigner a citizen. Citizens have rights like suffrage but also duties like obeying laws and defending the state. Losing citizenship can occur voluntarily like gaining a foreign citizenship or involuntarily like being declared a deserter.
1. The document outlines key provisions regarding the legislative department under the Philippine Constitution, including the powers and composition of the Senate and House of Representatives.
2. It discusses the qualifications, terms, and powers of senators and representatives. It also covers the legislative process, congressional oversight powers and immunity, as well as the commissions on appointments and electoral tribunals.
3. The legislative power is vested in Congress, consisting of the Senate and House, with exceptions for initiatives and referendums exercised directly by the people. Congress has broad lawmaking powers, subject only to substantive and procedural limits in the Constitution.
This document summarizes citizenship laws in the Philippines. It outlines who is considered a citizen, including those who were citizens at the time the constitution was adopted, those with Filipino fathers or mothers, and those born to Filipino mothers before 1973 who choose Philippine citizenship. It also discusses natural-born citizens, the differences between citizens and aliens, acquisition of citizenship by birth or naturalization, and related rights and obligations.
The document discusses political dynasties in the Philippines. It defines political dynasties as hereditary succession to public positions by family members. While the 1987 Philippine Constitution prohibits political dynasties, no law has been enacted to enforce this provision. As a result, many members of Congress still come from prominent political families, with around 76% of representatives in the 14th Congress belonging to political clans.
The document discusses the key differences between a state and a government. A state is a broader concept that encompasses territory, people, sovereignty and government. It is a permanent entity, while governments are temporary agencies that are delegated power by the state. A state possesses absolute sovereignty, while a government's powers are derived and limited. Citizens belong to the permanent state but only some are part of the temporary governing body. The state is an abstract concept while government is the concrete organization that acts on its behalf.
This document discusses government provisions for online courtesy and etiquette in the Philippines. It outlines Republic Act 10627 or the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013, which defines bullying and requires schools to implement anti-bullying policies. It also discusses Republic Act 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, which aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions and specifically criminalizes computer crimes like cybersex, child pornography, and identity theft that were previously not strongly regulated. The acts were passed to address alarming bullying statistics and protect individuals' privacy and integrity online.
Citizenship involves membership in a political society that implies duties of allegiance and protection. There are various ways to acquire citizenship, such as by birth in a country (jus soli) or descent from citizen parents (jus sanguinis). Citizenship can also be acquired through naturalization which makes a foreigner a citizen. Citizens have rights like suffrage but also duties like obeying laws and defending the state. Losing citizenship can occur voluntarily like gaining a foreign citizenship or involuntarily like being declared a deserter.
PROCUREMENT POLICY AND PUBLIC MANAGEMENT FUND IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF RWANDATheogene Habimana
This study examines the relationship between public procurement policy and the management of public funds in Rwanda, using the district of Gisagara as a case study. The study aims to evaluate the public procurement methods used in Gisagara from 2010-2013 to manage public funds, assess the factors influencing procurement processes and funds, analyze challenges faced by contractors, and establish the relationship between procurement and funds management. The study found a positive correlation between procurement systems and funds management. It recommends that Gisagara district improve skills mobilization and competitive tendering to increase efficiency in procurement and funds allocation.
The document outlines citizenship provisions in the Philippines constitution. Section 1 defines who are considered citizens, including those who were citizens at the time of the constitution's adoption, those with Filipino fathers or mothers, those born before 1973 of Filipino mothers who elect citizenship, and those who are naturalized. Section 2 states that natural-born citizens are those who acquire citizenship from birth without performing any act.
Concepts, Relations and Importance of Politics and GovernanceMary Grace Ayade
This slide will help you fully understand the Concepts, Relations and Importance of Politics and Governance in the Philippines. In this subject, it also help you to fully understand how you as a citizen will have a great contribution to your own country.
The document discusses socialization and the various ways it shapes individuals. It defines socialization as the process of learning the norms, values, and behaviors necessary to function within society. It occurs through different agents like family, school, peers, workplace and media. There are various types - primary socialization mainly occurs through family in childhood, secondary socialization teaches appropriate behavior in smaller groups, and anticipatory socialization prepares adolescents for adulthood. Socialization transmits culture and influences one's self-image, knowledge, language, habits and skills in society.
This document discusses suffrage and voting rights under Article V of the Philippine constitution. It defines suffrage as the right and obligation of qualified citizens to vote in elections and decisions submitted to the people. It outlines the qualifications to vote as being a citizen of the Philippines over 18 years old who has resided in the country for at least a year and in their local area for at least 6 months. It also discusses the scope of suffrage including elections, plebiscites, referendums, initiatives, and recalls. The document notes Congress must provide systems for absentee voting and for disabled/illiterate citizens to vote without assistance.
Dokumen tersebut membahas pengendalian sosial sebagai upaya masyarakat untuk menyesuaikan individu kepada norma sosial melalui lembaga formal seperti pendidikan, hukum, dan agama, serta lembaga informal seperti keluarga dan tokoh masyarakat menggunakan cara persuasif, koersif, imbalan, hukuman, sosialisasi, dan tekanan sosial.
Suffrage refers to the right and obligation to vote for qualified citizens. It is considered both a privilege and a political right that enables citizens to participate in government. The key qualifications to vote in the Philippines include being a citizen at least 18 years of age, having resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the local area for at least 6 months. Suffrage encompasses elections, plebiscites, referendums, initiatives, and recalls. Registering to vote is required by law. Illiterate and disabled citizens can vote if assisted by a relative or election official. Absentee voting is provided for qualified Filipinos abroad. Certain crimes can disqualify a person from voting for a period of
This document provides an overview of Persons and Family Relations law concepts based on notes from a law school reviewer. It begins with definitions of key terms like law, codification of laws, and divisions of law. It then discusses the Civil Code of the Philippines and principles of law effectivity from Articles 1 and 2, including requirements for publication. Several case summaries are provided relating to when laws take effect and the importance of publication. The summary focuses on the key concepts around law effectivity and publication requirements.
Lecture on Politics, Government and ConstitutionRommel Regala
This document provides an overview of political science and different forms of government. It discusses how Jean Bodin coined the term "political science" and how Aristotle first used the term "politics". Politics is defined as the study of how power is obtained and used in society. The document then examines different forms of government based on the number of people exercising sovereignty: monarchy (rule by one), aristocracy/oligarchy (rule by few), and democracy (rule by many). It provides descriptions of each type and discusses what makes them degenerate into tyranny, oligarchy, or mobocracy.
Citizenship involves both rights and obligations of citizens and states. There are various ways of acquiring citizenship, such as by birth in a country (jus soli) or descent from a citizen parent (jus sanguinis). The Philippines follows jus sanguinis, where citizenship is acquired from one's parents. Citizenship can also be acquired voluntarily through processes like marriage or naturalization. Citizens have duties like allegiance and defense of their state, while states have a duty to protect citizens. Dual citizenship is permitted but dual allegiance is discouraged under Philippine law.
NATION, STATE AND THE GLOBALIZATION / THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLITICS AN...Mary Grace Ayade
In this ppt, you'll fully understand the meaning of the nation, the state and globalization. Also, you'll understand the difference between the nation and the state. The advantage and disadvantage of Globalization. Lastly, the evolution of politics and governance here in the Philippines.
The document discusses the need for progressive leaders in the Philippines who can transform weaknesses into strengths of character. It notes that the country currently faces a moral and spiritual crisis characterized by a lack of respect and responsibility. It argues that developing values like respect, responsibility, honesty and compassion in leaders and citizens is key to addressing issues like poverty, inequality and corruption and creating a just, democratic society. The author calls for leaders who can inspire self-transformation in the people and work towards eradicating social issues to achieve the ideals laid out in the 1987 Constitution.
Peace Building Through Community InvolvementDawn Robertson
Through community involvement and service learning programs, youth can develop leadership skills and enhance their self-esteem while contributing to their communities. Effective programs provide opportunities for youth to practice leadership, reflect on their experiences, and discuss the social issues involved in their service. However, some programs lack facilitation on the larger social context and assign volunteer work that youth do not find meaningful. To maximize benefits, programs should involve youth in meaningful service that addresses real community needs and allows discussion of the social issues impacted.
The document discusses education as it relates to social justice, democracy, and citizenship. It defines key concepts like social justice, education for social justice, democracy, education for democracy, and citizenship. Education for social justice aims to promote equity and address social inequalities by teaching students about systems of oppression and how to challenge them. Education for democracy seeks to teach democratic values and skills to engage civically. Education for citizenship equips individuals with knowledge and skills to participate actively in their communities as responsible citizens. Overall, the document emphasizes how education can build more just, democratic, and engaged societies.
REACH is a program that aims to help foster youth complete higher education. It will provide mentoring, resources and support to inspire foster youth to reach their full potential. The program goals are derived from the founder's experience overcoming obstacles as a former foster youth. REACH will track participants' progress to measure the program's success in helping youth become leaders and role models in their communities. It will offer workshops, health services, independent living classes and opportunities for travel in order to empower at-risk youth.
Social work aims to help individuals, families, groups and communities enhance their well-being by addressing problems, developing skills, and utilizing resources. It involves case work with individuals, group work, and community development. Principles of social work include acceptance, affirming individuality, purposeful expression of feelings, non-judgmentalism, objectivity, and controlled emotional involvement. Major problems facing Pakistan include poverty, illiteracy, corruption, international interference, terrorism, overpopulation, inflation and unemployment.
The document discusses the differences between service-learning and civic engagement. It notes that service-learning uses community service to meet academic goals, provides skills practice, and tracks learning objectives, while civic engagement can take many forms from volunteering to participating in democracy. The document also outlines benefits of service-learning such as increased relevance of education and teaching positive values. It provides suggestions for getting involved through volunteering, contributing, communicating, and voting.
The document discusses how technology and social media have changed youth lifestyle and values in India. It notes that physical well-being, appearance, and possessions are now top values, leading to issues like corruption, violence, and alcoholism. Youth heavily use social media but lack real-world interactions and struggle with life's uncertainties. Suggestions are made to incorporate values teaching across subjects and activities in educational institutions to help create a value-based society.
Value education aims to instill core human values and cultural values in students. It involves understanding one's values and goals through self-exploration. The document discusses several key aspects of value education:
1. It defines value education as the process of giving students an understanding of values and the rules to function in society.
2. It emphasizes the importance of value education in shaping one's life and performance on a global stage.
3. The process of self-exploration in value education involves verifying values based on one's natural acceptance and experiential validation rather than scriptures or others' assertions.
4. Value education plays a role in building character, promoting social cohesion, and regeneration
The role of the education system in the society.ThaliaBrito5
The importance of education system in the society, its influence on the culture and its influence on the social development, the importance of the culture for the everyone development.
Positive youth development is a philosophy that emphasizes supporting young people's competence, usefulness, belonging, and empowerment. It works best when communities provide a continuum of services and opportunities for youth to develop into healthy adults. Youth development focuses on relationships, skills-building, leadership, and community involvement rather than "fixing" troubled youth. Key elements include viewing youth positively, involving them in activities that build character and skills, and coordinating family, school and community support. Effective programs provide physical and psychological safety, structure, relationships, opportunities to belong, positive social norms, efficacy and skill-building support. Demonstrated programs include Beacons community centers, Big Brothers Big Sisters mentoring, Coca-Cola Valued Youth
PROCUREMENT POLICY AND PUBLIC MANAGEMENT FUND IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF RWANDATheogene Habimana
This study examines the relationship between public procurement policy and the management of public funds in Rwanda, using the district of Gisagara as a case study. The study aims to evaluate the public procurement methods used in Gisagara from 2010-2013 to manage public funds, assess the factors influencing procurement processes and funds, analyze challenges faced by contractors, and establish the relationship between procurement and funds management. The study found a positive correlation between procurement systems and funds management. It recommends that Gisagara district improve skills mobilization and competitive tendering to increase efficiency in procurement and funds allocation.
The document outlines citizenship provisions in the Philippines constitution. Section 1 defines who are considered citizens, including those who were citizens at the time of the constitution's adoption, those with Filipino fathers or mothers, those born before 1973 of Filipino mothers who elect citizenship, and those who are naturalized. Section 2 states that natural-born citizens are those who acquire citizenship from birth without performing any act.
Concepts, Relations and Importance of Politics and GovernanceMary Grace Ayade
This slide will help you fully understand the Concepts, Relations and Importance of Politics and Governance in the Philippines. In this subject, it also help you to fully understand how you as a citizen will have a great contribution to your own country.
The document discusses socialization and the various ways it shapes individuals. It defines socialization as the process of learning the norms, values, and behaviors necessary to function within society. It occurs through different agents like family, school, peers, workplace and media. There are various types - primary socialization mainly occurs through family in childhood, secondary socialization teaches appropriate behavior in smaller groups, and anticipatory socialization prepares adolescents for adulthood. Socialization transmits culture and influences one's self-image, knowledge, language, habits and skills in society.
This document discusses suffrage and voting rights under Article V of the Philippine constitution. It defines suffrage as the right and obligation of qualified citizens to vote in elections and decisions submitted to the people. It outlines the qualifications to vote as being a citizen of the Philippines over 18 years old who has resided in the country for at least a year and in their local area for at least 6 months. It also discusses the scope of suffrage including elections, plebiscites, referendums, initiatives, and recalls. The document notes Congress must provide systems for absentee voting and for disabled/illiterate citizens to vote without assistance.
Dokumen tersebut membahas pengendalian sosial sebagai upaya masyarakat untuk menyesuaikan individu kepada norma sosial melalui lembaga formal seperti pendidikan, hukum, dan agama, serta lembaga informal seperti keluarga dan tokoh masyarakat menggunakan cara persuasif, koersif, imbalan, hukuman, sosialisasi, dan tekanan sosial.
Suffrage refers to the right and obligation to vote for qualified citizens. It is considered both a privilege and a political right that enables citizens to participate in government. The key qualifications to vote in the Philippines include being a citizen at least 18 years of age, having resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the local area for at least 6 months. Suffrage encompasses elections, plebiscites, referendums, initiatives, and recalls. Registering to vote is required by law. Illiterate and disabled citizens can vote if assisted by a relative or election official. Absentee voting is provided for qualified Filipinos abroad. Certain crimes can disqualify a person from voting for a period of
This document provides an overview of Persons and Family Relations law concepts based on notes from a law school reviewer. It begins with definitions of key terms like law, codification of laws, and divisions of law. It then discusses the Civil Code of the Philippines and principles of law effectivity from Articles 1 and 2, including requirements for publication. Several case summaries are provided relating to when laws take effect and the importance of publication. The summary focuses on the key concepts around law effectivity and publication requirements.
Lecture on Politics, Government and ConstitutionRommel Regala
This document provides an overview of political science and different forms of government. It discusses how Jean Bodin coined the term "political science" and how Aristotle first used the term "politics". Politics is defined as the study of how power is obtained and used in society. The document then examines different forms of government based on the number of people exercising sovereignty: monarchy (rule by one), aristocracy/oligarchy (rule by few), and democracy (rule by many). It provides descriptions of each type and discusses what makes them degenerate into tyranny, oligarchy, or mobocracy.
Citizenship involves both rights and obligations of citizens and states. There are various ways of acquiring citizenship, such as by birth in a country (jus soli) or descent from a citizen parent (jus sanguinis). The Philippines follows jus sanguinis, where citizenship is acquired from one's parents. Citizenship can also be acquired voluntarily through processes like marriage or naturalization. Citizens have duties like allegiance and defense of their state, while states have a duty to protect citizens. Dual citizenship is permitted but dual allegiance is discouraged under Philippine law.
NATION, STATE AND THE GLOBALIZATION / THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLITICS AN...Mary Grace Ayade
In this ppt, you'll fully understand the meaning of the nation, the state and globalization. Also, you'll understand the difference between the nation and the state. The advantage and disadvantage of Globalization. Lastly, the evolution of politics and governance here in the Philippines.
The document discusses the need for progressive leaders in the Philippines who can transform weaknesses into strengths of character. It notes that the country currently faces a moral and spiritual crisis characterized by a lack of respect and responsibility. It argues that developing values like respect, responsibility, honesty and compassion in leaders and citizens is key to addressing issues like poverty, inequality and corruption and creating a just, democratic society. The author calls for leaders who can inspire self-transformation in the people and work towards eradicating social issues to achieve the ideals laid out in the 1987 Constitution.
Peace Building Through Community InvolvementDawn Robertson
Through community involvement and service learning programs, youth can develop leadership skills and enhance their self-esteem while contributing to their communities. Effective programs provide opportunities for youth to practice leadership, reflect on their experiences, and discuss the social issues involved in their service. However, some programs lack facilitation on the larger social context and assign volunteer work that youth do not find meaningful. To maximize benefits, programs should involve youth in meaningful service that addresses real community needs and allows discussion of the social issues impacted.
The document discusses education as it relates to social justice, democracy, and citizenship. It defines key concepts like social justice, education for social justice, democracy, education for democracy, and citizenship. Education for social justice aims to promote equity and address social inequalities by teaching students about systems of oppression and how to challenge them. Education for democracy seeks to teach democratic values and skills to engage civically. Education for citizenship equips individuals with knowledge and skills to participate actively in their communities as responsible citizens. Overall, the document emphasizes how education can build more just, democratic, and engaged societies.
REACH is a program that aims to help foster youth complete higher education. It will provide mentoring, resources and support to inspire foster youth to reach their full potential. The program goals are derived from the founder's experience overcoming obstacles as a former foster youth. REACH will track participants' progress to measure the program's success in helping youth become leaders and role models in their communities. It will offer workshops, health services, independent living classes and opportunities for travel in order to empower at-risk youth.
Social work aims to help individuals, families, groups and communities enhance their well-being by addressing problems, developing skills, and utilizing resources. It involves case work with individuals, group work, and community development. Principles of social work include acceptance, affirming individuality, purposeful expression of feelings, non-judgmentalism, objectivity, and controlled emotional involvement. Major problems facing Pakistan include poverty, illiteracy, corruption, international interference, terrorism, overpopulation, inflation and unemployment.
The document discusses the differences between service-learning and civic engagement. It notes that service-learning uses community service to meet academic goals, provides skills practice, and tracks learning objectives, while civic engagement can take many forms from volunteering to participating in democracy. The document also outlines benefits of service-learning such as increased relevance of education and teaching positive values. It provides suggestions for getting involved through volunteering, contributing, communicating, and voting.
The document discusses how technology and social media have changed youth lifestyle and values in India. It notes that physical well-being, appearance, and possessions are now top values, leading to issues like corruption, violence, and alcoholism. Youth heavily use social media but lack real-world interactions and struggle with life's uncertainties. Suggestions are made to incorporate values teaching across subjects and activities in educational institutions to help create a value-based society.
Value education aims to instill core human values and cultural values in students. It involves understanding one's values and goals through self-exploration. The document discusses several key aspects of value education:
1. It defines value education as the process of giving students an understanding of values and the rules to function in society.
2. It emphasizes the importance of value education in shaping one's life and performance on a global stage.
3. The process of self-exploration in value education involves verifying values based on one's natural acceptance and experiential validation rather than scriptures or others' assertions.
4. Value education plays a role in building character, promoting social cohesion, and regeneration
The role of the education system in the society.ThaliaBrito5
The importance of education system in the society, its influence on the culture and its influence on the social development, the importance of the culture for the everyone development.
Positive youth development is a philosophy that emphasizes supporting young people's competence, usefulness, belonging, and empowerment. It works best when communities provide a continuum of services and opportunities for youth to develop into healthy adults. Youth development focuses on relationships, skills-building, leadership, and community involvement rather than "fixing" troubled youth. Key elements include viewing youth positively, involving them in activities that build character and skills, and coordinating family, school and community support. Effective programs provide physical and psychological safety, structure, relationships, opportunities to belong, positive social norms, efficacy and skill-building support. Demonstrated programs include Beacons community centers, Big Brothers Big Sisters mentoring, Coca-Cola Valued Youth
This document discusses the benefits of afterschool programs for middle school students. It begins by outlining some of the unique developmental needs of middle school aged youth, such as physical activity, competence and achievement, creative expression, and positive social interactions. It then discusses how afterschool programs can help address these needs. Specific examples of successful afterschool programs are provided that incorporate leadership opportunities, empower youth to make responsible choices, and allow youth to have ownership over activities. The conclusion states that afterschool programs provide multiple benefits to middle school students by supporting their social, emotional, and academic development.
This document provides an introduction to key concepts in community development including:
1. It defines community development as a collaborative process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems in order to enhance long-term social, economic, and environmental conditions.
2. It identifies several principles that guide community development processes including being democratic, inclusive, community-owned, and promoting social justice and equity.
3. It outlines some values at the core of community development like social justice, self-determination, participation, and sustainable communities.
This document discusses the roles of youth in community action in the Philippines. It notes that according to the Youth in Nation-Building Act, youth are defined as those aged 15 to 30, and make up around one-third of the Philippine population. It identifies factors that can influence youth participation, such as education, values, and mindset. The document also provides ways for youth to get involved in their communities, such as developing positive attitudes, being exposed to values of community service, and engaging in leadership and skills development opportunities. It emphasizes the importance of empowering and recognizing youth contributions.
This document discusses the role of education in curbing social evils like corruption. It defines corruption as the misuse of public power for private gain. Some of the key causes of corruption mentioned include the emergence of self-interested political elites, economic policies controlled by government that enable corruption, and changes in moral values. The document argues that education can help curb corruption by teaching children values like honesty, kindness, and respect through character education. It states that moral education should be integrated throughout schooling to develop morally responsible citizens and provide long-term solutions to issues in society. Overall, the document emphasizes that promoting values of integrity and discouraging greed through education are important for fighting corruption.
This document discusses the role of education in curbing social evils like corruption. It defines corruption as the misuse of public power for private gain. Some of the key causes of corruption mentioned include the emergence of self-interested political elites, economic policies controlled by government that enable corruption, and changes in moral values. The document argues that education can help curb corruption by teaching children values like honesty, kindness, and respect through character education. It states that moral education should be integrated throughout schooling to develop good moral character and solve ethical issues in society long-term. Teachers play an important role in fighting corruption by exemplifying integrity and commitment to truth themselves.
The document discusses culture, society, politics and the socialization process. It defines culture as the behaviors, beliefs and symbols passed down from generation to generation within a group. Society is defined as a group of people who share a culture and territory. Politics is defined as activities related to influencing government. The document then discusses how socialization teaches people the norms and expectations of society through key agents like family, school, peer groups and media. It positions socialization as important for establishing identity and encouraging socially acceptable behavior.
Social Justice.
Every individual shall have fair access to social justice. Everyone shall be free and have access to all the fundamental rights like education, human rights, due process, and equal protection clause. There shall be no person be neglected for everyone has an access to these.
Empowerment.
The citizenry, which is basically us, need empowering. "Empowerment is viewed as a process: the mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their lives." This is the ability of the people to ensure their success by doing various activities that guarantee progress and development. This also covers empowerment of individuals and communities that have been marginalized by society.
Diversity.
Since our community is composed of different sets of individuals, people need understand to respect other people and their ways. Ethnocentrism is no place for a community. We must value and accept other communities regardless of ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability status, socioeconomic status, gender and age.
Everybody is rushing in their busy life denying these children for a meal which will cost less than 0.5 % of their monthly salary. Searching for a project in the Community Outreach me and my team encountered with these little kids begging for a meal and we decided that we will provide them a meal and knowledge how they can improve their life in future.
This document discusses the importance and use of primary and secondary sources in studying history. It defines primary sources as materials created by direct participants or eyewitnesses to an event, such as diaries, letters, photographs. Secondary sources are works like books and articles that interpret and analyze primary sources. The document emphasizes that historical sources can reflect various perspectives, and historians must carefully evaluate sources for potential bias. Studying different viewpoints can help form a more comprehensive understanding of historical events.
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CIVIC EDUCATION FOR FIRST TERM SSS1 updated copy.docx
1. CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK FOR FIRST TERM SSS1
WEEK TOPIC
1 INTRODUCTION TO CIVIC EDUCATION
- Meaning and needs for civic education
- Objectives/reasons for civic education in schools
- Importance of civic education
2- VALUE
- Definition of values and its source
- Types of values/basic human values justice selfishness, honesty
- Types of values continued – integrity, faithfulness self control
- Types of Justice.
3 - Importance of value in the society
- Level of manifestation of values
- Factors that promotes good value system
- Opportunity to defend oneself
4 COMMUNITY SERVICE AND ITS VALUES
- Practical involvement in the community services
- Importance of community service
- Project work
5 HIV / AIDS
- Meaning of HIV/AIDS and its differences
- Cause, drivers, and mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS
- Signs, symptoms and effects of HIV/AIDS
6 HIV/AIDS
- Preventive measures of HIV/AIDS e.g. condom
- How to care for people with HIV/AIDS
- Stigmatization of PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS)
2. 7 YOUTH EMPOWERMENT
- Definition of the concept of youth empowerment
- Various youth empowerment skills, life coping manipulative skills
intellectuals, other youth empowerment skills
- Communicative skills
- Artistic skills
8 IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT
SKILLS
- Guiding students in acquiring a specific skill e.g. ICT, Capentry
- Demonstrating or practicing a specific skill
- Problems of youth empowerment
9 GOALS OF CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION (cont.)
- Meaning of citizenship, acquisition of citizenship
- Definition of goals of citizenship education, acquisition,
knowledge, right attitude, values etc.
10 GOALS OF CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION (cont)
- Meaning of government
- Structure of government
- Functions of government
11 NATIONALISM (Definition)
- Different local/world civic problems
- Effects of nationalism in Nigeria
12 – 13 REVISION AND EXAMINATION
3. THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
CONTENT
Meaning and needs for civic education
Objectives/reasons for civic education in schools
Importance of civic education
Civic education is a social science subject. It teaches Nigeria youths their duties and right
to become good followers and responsible future leaders. It indicates in them the right
values, positive attitudes and behavior that are embraced in the society.
Civic education expose students to necessary awareness of democratic values that will
enable them make useful contribution to social – political development of their nation in
particular and the world at large.
NEEDS FOR CIVIC EDUCATION
It inculcates in its scholars the relevance of nationalism and patriotism as well as
solution to the multi – dimensional problems of Nigeria.
It inculcates in them the consciousness and awareness of democratic values, social
political institutions and citizens rights and duties to the society.
To assist the governments in serving the citizens well by providing basic
infrastructural facilities that will rise their standard of living.
To re-orientates the citizens to imbibe positive values that will assist the economic
growth and development throughout the nation
TOPIC INTRODUCTION
TO CIVIC
EDUCATION
TERM 1 WEEK 1 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
4. To educate citizens on how to fight for their right if any government goes contrary
to the constitution.
OBJECTIVES OF CIVIC EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS
The school is a place where students come to acquire knowledge for potential
actualization and self development. The following are the importance of civic
education in schools:
To receive instruction and learn about emergency of issues; so that student will be
able to solve them.
To emphasize the instruction of government, its functions and responsibilities to
the people and vice-versa.
To promote inter-relationship between man/woman, man/man, woman/woman, the
government and the society.
To assist the student in acquiring knowledge, attitudes, values and basic skills to
become responsible and disciplined citizens.
To enable student realize day to day societal living at their critical age of thinking
and reasoning about the happenings around them.
To enable student raise up and defend the course of justice when the government
fails to perfume their duties.
IMPORTANCE OF CIVIC EDUCATION TO NATION BUILDING
Nation building involves promoting national unity, national integrity and national
consciousness. Thereby enhancing national development for a country to develop, the
citizens must know their rights and responsibilities and how to fight for those rights when
violated by government or individual
The following are the importance of citizen education
It moves citizens to be particular in politics and social economic activities of the
country.
5. It enables students to understand the government and as a result take part in the
decision moving process of the country.
It reminds the student that democracy is the best form of government and by this,
citizens are able to form pillars of democracy across the Nation.
It enables its scholars to acquire positive values that will assist them to be well
behaved, courageous and responsible in their activities and relationship with
members of the society.
THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
THE MEANING Of VALUES
CONTENTS
Meaning of value,
Types of values,
Types of Justice.
INTRODUCTION: Values are related to the generally accepted standards of
social behaviors. Values describe the sort of person we want to be; the manner in
which we treat ourselves and others, and our interaction with the world around us.
Definition of value
Values are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or
actions. Values are important as they are related to the norms of a society, and so
they guide the conduct of individuals, groups or the entire community.
Types of value
TOPIC VALUES TERM 1 WEEK 2 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
6. There are different types of values. They include;
Honesty,
Selflessness,
Cooperation,
Self-reliance,
Integrity,
Contentment,
Discipline,
Courage,
Right altitude to work,
Justice, etc.
Honesty: honesty is about both speaking and acting truthfully.
Selflessness: to have a great love for others. It also means giving- your time,
money, and donated items you no longer use or need. It is also defines as as the
act of caring for others more than yourself
Discipline: is learning and applying intentional standards to achieve meaningful
objectives.
Courage: is the choice and willingness to confront agony, pain, danger,
uncertainty, or intimidation.
Justice: It refers to fairness in the way people are treated.
Types of justice: there are so many types of justice but we are going to identify
just five types.
Retributive Justice,
Social justice,
Organizational justice,
7. Distributive justice,
Restorative Justice, etc
Evaluation
Identify and explain at least five attributes of selflessness and four benefits of
Selflessness.
Explain The Following Types Of Values: Cooperation,
Self-reliance,
Integrity,
Contentment, and
Right altitude to work.
READING ASSIGNMENT.
Read page 8 to 10, and from page 13 to 20 of Bounty civic education for
senior secondary school by A.A.ADEYINKA OLALEKAN ODETOLA.
EVALUATION
1. Which One of the following is not an attribute of selflessness?
(a)It breads true friendship (b) Humility (c) Love (d) Tolerance
2. The principle and structure that influence the behavior and culture of a particular
people or community is known as ___________ (a) honesty (b) value (c)
dishonesty (d) equity
3. One of the following is not a way of obtaining value: (a) family (b) School (c)
religion (d) stealing.
8. 4. The human quality of communicating and acting truthfully in fairness and
sincerity is known as ___________ (a) dishonesty (b) value (c) honesty (d)
cultism.
5. __________ refers to fairness in the way people are treated (a) injustice (b) justice
(c) cheating (d) stealing.
THEORY
1. Explain the meaning of value
2. Identify and explain the attributes of justice
3. State three benefits of selflessness
4. Mention and explain the attribute of justice
5. Explain the level of manifestation of value in our society.
9. THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
CONTENTS
Importance of values in the society
Factors that promotes good value systems
The level of manifestation of value in the society
Opportunity to defend oneself
IMPORTANCE OF VALUES IN THE SOCIETY
They help society to form thoughts, worlds and actions. Values help people grow
and develop; It also create the future that people want to experience.
The Importance Of Value in the society includes:
Progress: Good values help each individual member achieve his or her particular
goals.
They manage the common actions of individuals in a society: They help to
decide if preferences or events are good or bad, important or significant and
correct or wrong.
Expand the identity of a society and culture: Values have many social
functions. Values that are derive from common experience unite families, tribes,
TOPIC VALUES TERM 1 WEEK 3 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
10. societies and nations. They are the fabric that creates culture; If people lie, cheat
and steal, the culture of society will not be healthy.
Provide tools for self-realization: Values are needed to know how to react to
difficult situations. Values are also needed to form lasting relationships with those
around us.
They make society and people work better: When values are well implemented,
society can function in an orderly and functional way. This allows people to have
an awareness of the purposes; Can solve quickly and satisfactorily the problems
that are presented.
Change human behavior: Values are an effective way of correcting and
reforming negative behaviors in individuals and in a society.
FACTORS THAT PROMOTES GOOD VALUE SYSTEMS
The following are the factors that promote good value system in the society;
Trust: When trust is established in society and even among individuals, progress and
development can easily be attained.
Tolerance: Tolerance brings about peace, harmony, unity and progress which transmit
to the overall development of any society.
Fairness: Fairness abhors partiality and favoritism thus promoting good values in our
societies.
Integrity: This is the attitude of doing what is right all the time and this has the
tendency of promoting good moral values in the society.
Consistency: This is the attitude of having confidence in someone in doing what is
right.
THE LEVEL OF MANIFESTATION OF VALUE IN THE SOCIETY
11. 1. Our life: even a mad man moves away for speedy vehicles on the road and other
dangerous object to avoid death.
2. Good health: human beings and even the lower animals can exist and survive only
with good health. Our life therefore depends on the sanitation habit, proper usage of
drugs etc.
3. Being human being is a value: it is often said that ‘man is created in God’s image’.
Human being can reason and manipulate his/her environment towards his satisfaction.
Man and woman should therefore contribute positively towards making the society a
better place to live.
4. One’s family is a value: family is where man originated from and the first agent of
socialization. Nigerians are proud of their family’s name and hence, they do
everything possible not to tarnish their family names.
OPPORTUNITY TO DEFEND ONESELF
Judging an individual without listening to his side of the story brings unfairness, partiality
and injustice.
Self – defence is protecting oneself against attack or something adverse. It is the use of
force to protect oneself against someone attacking us. Every person should be security
conscious in the society; hence, we will be protected against sudden adversities.
BENEFITS OF OPPORTUNITY TO DEFEND ONESELF
1. It reduces conflict in the society: given the opportunity to defend oneself issues
will be amicably resolved without deterioration.
2. It prevents injustice: judgement is passed based on content of parties’ defense.
3. It promotes peace in the society: the society is peaceful in justice and fairness.
HOW TO DEFEND ONE’S SELF AGAINST BEING ATTACKED
1. Being careful about the type of people you keep as friends
12. 2. Avoid night clubbing apart from the fact that you can be vulnerable to physical and
emotional attacks; you can be lured into hard drugs and other immoral acts which can
jeopardize your future dreams and aspirations.
3. Do not use sexually attractive or provocative dresses especially in the public
4. Do not receive gift especially when you are in doubt of the source and motive behind
such gift.
EVALUATION
1. Which one of the following is not a level of manifestation of value in the society?
(a) Life (b) family (c) health (d) being human (e) prostitution.
2. The following are the factors that promote good value except; (a) trust (b)
Tolerance (c) integrity (d) Consistency (e)perjury
3. Members of a society are expected to adhere to societal values for the following
reasons except? (a) Enhancement of development ( b )improvement of self dignity
(c) Reduction of social vices (d) Relegation of morality.
4. An attribute of honesty is (a) tolerance (b) justice (C) compromise (d) liberty3
5. Discipline is describe as the (a) Ability to show hospitality (b) State or quality of
being brave (c) Tendency to fight (d) Ability to behave in a controlled manner.
THEORY
(i) Explain five importance of defending one’s self
(ii) Outline and explain the level of manifestation in the society,
(iii) Explain the importance of value in the society.
13. THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
CONTENTS
- Practical involvement in the community services
- Importance of community service
- Project work
COMMUNITY SERVICE
Community Service helps us to connect to the Community. Thus, it teaches us how
significant it is to help the ones in need, the ones who are less fortunate than us. It can
also be defined as a volunteered service or activity that is performed by an individual,
group or organization for the benefit of the public without any compensation. There are a
lot of areas in the community that requires the involvement of citizens. They include the
following:
Creating awareness campaign about HIV/AIDS and its consequences,
Road drainage construction;
Donating drugs and other useful materials to health centers and hospitals;
Donating instructional materials such a books, computers and stationeries to
schools;
Cleaning the market and Motor Park;
TOPIC COMMUNITY
SERVICE AND
ITS VALUES
TERM 1 WEEK 4 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
14. Helping to control traffic on the road,
Teaching children with learning disability.
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNITY SERVICE
Community service is an important social development factor, it helps in building the
society by improving the structure of the community and also impacts positively on the
individuals who carried out the work.
1. Learn New Skills
Community service offers numerous options for personal and professional development,
with one of the most valuable advantages being the potential to learn new skills.
2. Community Service Raises Social Awareness
Community service broadens your horizons by helping you understand the needs of the
society and the population you are trying to help through the project you are volunteering
on.
3. Helps in Socialization
Introverted students sometimes have problems meeting people and making friends, but
volunteering might help shy and quiet individuals with this issue as it offers lots of
opportunities to meet and work with various people. Thus, it is a valuable experience for
improving and practicing how to socialize in diverse surroundings.
4. Society Development
Community Service helps in the building and development of society especially when
there is a problem to solve that requires financial aid, such problem(s) can be solved by
the volunteers,
5. Impact on student’s life
It’s also proven to increase a student’s self-esteem and help them meet other people and
develop connections with their community.
15. THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
CONTENTS
Meaning of HIV/AIDS and its differences
Cause, drivers, and mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS
Signs, symptoms and effects of HIV/AIDS
INTRODUCTION
Human beings are protected against diseases- causing microorganisms by the immune
system of the body. The human immune system through a series of steps called immune
response, attacks infectious organisms and other substances that invade the body system
and causes diseases. But, when the body system is affected, then the body will be
exposed to various infections.
MEANING OF HIV
HIV stands for Human Immune- deficiency Virus. It is one of a group of viruses known
as Retroviruses. After getting into the body, the virus damages the cell of the body’s
immune system thereby paving way for life threatening opportunistic infections to thrive.
MEANING OF AIDS
AIDS stands for Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is caused by HIV and occurs
when the HIV virus ha destroyed much of the body’s defenses. Making it very easy for
people with AIDS to be affected by virus that might not ordinarily affect people when
their immune system is functioning well.
TOPIC HIV/AIDS TERM 1 WEEK 5 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
16. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HIV AND AIDS
HIV AIDS
HIV infects humans and weakens
the immune system.
AIDS is the disease that results from HIV.
A person can have HIV and never
develop AIDS,
Anyone Who has been Diagnosed With
AIDS Has HIV.
Antiretroviral drugs can be used to
suppress HIV particles within the
blood.
AIDS Can Not Be Controlled
HIV is not a death sentence it can be
managed
AIDS cannot be managed it is life
threatening
CAUSE OF HIV/AIDS
To become infected with HIV/AIDS, infected blood, semen or vaginal secretions
must enter your body. This can happen in several ways.
By having sex. You may become infected if you have vaginal, anal or oral sex
with an infected partner whose blood, semen or vaginal secretions enter your
body.
By sharing needles. Sharing contaminated injection drug paraphernalia (needles
and syringes) puts you at high risk of HIV and other infectious diseases, such as
hepatitis.
From blood transfusions. In some cases, the virus may be transmitted through
blood transfusions.
During pregnancy or delivery or through breastfeeding. Infected mothers can
pass the virus on to their babies.
17. SYMPTOMS OF HIV/AIDS
Some people infected by HIV develop a flu-like illness within 2 to 4 weeks after the virus
enters the body. This illness, known as primary (acute) HIV infection, may last for a few
weeks.
Possible signs and symptoms include:
Fever
Headache
Muscle aches and joint pain
Rash
Sore throat and painful mouth sores
Swollen lymph glands, mainly on the neck
Diarrhea
Weight loss
Cough
Night sweats
EFFECTS OF HIV/AIDS ON THE BODY
HIV primarily affects the body by targeting and damaging cells in the immune system.
The immune system protects the body against viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
It damages the CD4T cells, which are responsible for keeping people healthy and
protecting them from diseases and infections.
It causes sores in and around the body
It causes rapid loss of soft tissue and jaw bone,
18. It causes weight loss and ulcers all over the body,
It leads to a decrease in the ability to think properly and process information,
It leads to brain tumor,
It leads to premature death.
EVALUATION
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
HIV is a retrovirus that infects and colonizes cells in the ______.
1. immune system (b)immune system and the central nervous system (c) endocrine
system (d) immune system and endocrine system (e) the cell
2. In 2015, the global prevalence of HIV infection was ______.
a. 0.2% (b) 0.4% (c) 0.6% (d) 0.8% (e) 0.5%
3. The most common cause of inpatient admission to hospital for those living with
HIV is ______.
a. tuberculosis and other Micro bacterial infections (b)cardiovascular disorders
( c) bacterial infections (d) none of these (e)flu
4. ______ who needs combination antiretroviral therapy receives it.
a. Two in ten (b) One in five ( C) Four in ten (d) Three in five (e) five in ten
5. According to Crepaz, Hart and Marks (2004), people’s ______ and viral load may
promote unprotected sex.
(a) Beliefs about ART ,(b) Knowledge of risk, (c) Beliefs about transmission,
(d) Level of health literacy, (e) knowledge.
19. THEORY QUESTIONS
1. Outline at least five symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
2. Which is the most effective way to control the spread of HIV?
3. What are the latest inventions in the prevention of HIV?
4. Where did the AIDS pandemic begin? Is AIDS an epidemic or a pandemic
disease?
5. What are the differences between HIV and AID?
20. THE CAVENDISH COLLEGE, KADUNA
CIVIC EDUCATION WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
CONTENTS
Preventive measures of HIV/AIDS e.g. condom
How to care for people with HIV/AIDS
Stigmatization of PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS)
PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF HIV/AIDS
Know the Risks
HIV prevention starts by getting the facts straight—understanding the
various modes of transmission and identifying which activities place you, as an
individual, at risk. E.g HIV/AIDS is spread through breast milk, anal sex, vaginal
sex, and shared needles, etc.
Take Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PREP)
Is a prevention strategy in which a daily dose of HIV medications, known
as antiretroviral can reduce your risk of getting HIV by as much as 99%.
PREP can be used by anyone at risk of HIV who wants to reduce their odds of
infection
Get and Stay Undetectable
Undetectable = untransmissible (U=U) is an evidence-based strategy in which
people with an undetectable viral load cannot pass the virus to others.
Undetectable means that no virus was detected in the blood sample, which is
defined as having under 200 copies of HIV per milliliter of blood.
A viral load is a measurement of the amount of virus in a sample of blood.
TOPIC HIV/AIDS TERM 1 WEEK 6 CLASS YEAR10 DATE
21. Use Condoms: There is no reason to be lax when it comes to condoms. Short of
abstinence, internal and external condoms are still the most reliable means of
preventing pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). No
other preventive strategy can do all three
Conceive Safely: In nearly half of all couples living with HIV, one partner is
HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative. couples today have a greater
opportunity than ever to conceive—enabling pregnancy while minimizing the risk
of transmission to a partner without HIV.
Avoid Mother-to-Child Transmission: By placing the mother on antiretroviral
therapy early in the pregnancy, the risk of transmission is extremely low. Even if
treatment is started later in the pregnancy, the overall risk is still less than 2%.
Avoid Sharing Needles: The rate of HIV among people who inject drugs
(PWIDs) is high. Studies suggest that anywhere from 20% to 40% of PWIDs are
infected due to the shared use of needles or syringes. Their sexual partners may
also be at risk, particularly if they are unaware of their partner's drug use.
Prevent HIV After an Exposure: If you believe you have been exposed to HIV,
either through condom less sex or other high-risk activities, you can take a 28-day
course of HIV drugs to potentially avert the infection.
Called post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), the strategy works best if started soon
after exposure to the virus.
How to care for people with HIV/AIDS
Listen to them: Being diagnosed with HIV is a life-changing news. Listen to
them and offer your support. Be available to have open and honest
conversations with them about HIV.
Learn: Educate yourself about HIV: what it is, how it is and is not
transmitted, how it is treated, and how people can stay healthy with HIV.
22. Having a solid understanding of HIV is a big step forward in supporting your
loved one and reassuring them that HIV is a manageable health condition.
Encourage treatment. Some people who are recently diagnosed may find it
hard to take that first step to HIV treatment. Encourage your them to see a
doctor and start HIV treatment as soon as possible.
Support medication adherence. It’s important for people with HIV to take
their HIV medicine exactly as prescribed. Ask them what you can do to
support them in establishing a medication routine and sticking to it.
Get support. Take care of yourself and get support if you need it. Turn to
others for any questions, concerns, or anxieties you may have, so that the
person who is diagnosed can focus on taking care of their own health.
STIGMATIZATION OF PLWHA (PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS)
Stigmatization is a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstances,
quality or person. HIV stigma is negative attitudes and beliefs about people with HIV.
It is the prejudice that comes with labeling an individual as part of a group that is
believed to be socially unacceptable. The stigma can also be based on gender. The
way people of a particular ethnic group are perceived can also be a basis for
stigmatization; people can also be stigmatized base on their social class, the epidemic
has been characterized by the assumption about the rich, and HIV/AIDS has been
associated with affluent lifestyle.
People living with HIV/AIDS are openly abused and maltreated due to their status.
The consequences are not palatable and include the following:
Rejection by family
Rejection by friends and peer groups
Poor treatment at healthcare facilities
23. Poor treatment in education settings
Denial of rights,
Psychological damage.
As a result of all the above mentioned consequences of stigmatization, many people
are afraid to visit the hospital to know their HIV/AIDS status or seek treatment if they
have the disease
EVALUATION
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.
1. Who said that stigma is ‘an attribute that is deeply discrediting’ and that reduces
the bearer ‘from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one’.
a. Foucault (b)Moscovici (c)Vygotsky (d) Goff man (e) ploto
2. One in ten people ______ believed HIV infection can be transmitted through routes
such as ______.
a. incorrectly; kissing and spitting (b) correctly; kissing and spitting (c) incorrectly;
needle sharing (d)none of these (e) hugging
3. Studies suggest that fear of stigmatization is especially strong among migrants.
This is ______ which occurs when there is more than one type of difference.
a. stigma enlargement (b) stigma multiplication (c ) stigma amplification (d) stigma
magnification (e)none of the above
4. Golub et al. (2010) surveyed 180 HIV-negative high-risk MSM and found that
around 70% of participants reported that they would be likely to use PREP if it were
24. at least 80% effective in preventing HIV. Of those, over ______ reported that they
would be likely to decrease condom use while on PREP
a. 15% (b) 25% (c) 35% (d) 45% (e) 30%
5. Scott-Sheldon et al. (2013) found that ______ mediated the association between
HIV status and alcohol use.
a. Depression (b) stress (c) income(d) social support (e) rejection
THEORY
1. what is the meaning of HIV/AIDS
2. what are the causes of HIV/AIDS
3. list five symptoms of HIV/AIDS
4. outline and explain at least five ways we can care for those living with
HIV/AIDS
5. discuss HIV/AIDS stigmatization