The North American session of the international webinar series,"THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS POLICIES IN 5 CONTINENTS" was held on October 12, 2010 9:00 am, Eastern Daylight Time (New York, GMT-04:00). The agenda for the free 2-hour webinar was: · North America: Public and Private Measures for Fostering the Adaptation of Green Building Practices, Jonathan Westeinde, Chair, Green Building Advisory Group, North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation · United States: Country Report on Building Energy Codes & Standards Regulation in the United States, Darren B. Meyers, Technical Director, Energy Programs, International Code Council · Canada: Canadian Energy Efficient Building Policies, James Clark, Buildings Division, Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada · Mexico: Toward Energy Efficiency in Housing in Mexico, Evangelina Hirata, Consultant on Energy Efficiency in Housing · United States: Beyond the Code -- Energy, Carbon, and Cost Savings using Conventional Building Technologies, Joshua Kneifel, Economist, National Institute of Standards and Technology

1. CIB TG-66 Country Report:
Building Energy Codes & Standards in the United States
Darren B. Meyers, PE, CEM, GBE
Technical Director – Energy Programs
October 12th, 2010

2. Subject Topics
 Relevant Regulations, Policies and Implementation
The Role of Congress
The Roles of U.S. DOE and U.S. EPA
The Role of Model Code and Standard Development Organizations
The Role of State and Local Governments
 Relevant Codes and Standards
Commercial Buildings (ASHRAE 90.1-2007 and IECC 2009)
Residential Buildings (IECC 2009, and IRC 2009 Chapter 11)
 Other Developments in Sustainable High-Performance Buildings
The Roles of U.S. DOE and U.S. EPA
The Role of Model Code and Standard Development Organizations
The Role of Voluntary Above-Code Programs
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 2

3. U.S. Energy Flow 2009
ARRA for North Texas ICC Handout # 3

4. Why Building Energy Codes?
Source, Energy Information Administration Handout #
4

5. Emissions Situation 2010
ARRA for North Texas ICC Handout # 5

6. The Role of U.S. Congress
 Federal Powers Act  Energy Policy Act 1992
 Energy Policy & Conservation  Clean Air Act & Amendments
Act 1975  Climate Change Action Plan
 Energy Conservation & 1993
Production Act 1977  Montreal Protocol
 National Energy Conservation  Ozone Depletion Factor
Policy Act 1978  CFC’s, HCFC’s and HFC’s
 Omnibus Reconciliation Act  Natural Gas Policy Act
1985  Energy Policy Act 1995
 Federal Energy Management &  Energy Independence and
Improvement Act 1988 Security Act 2007
 ARRA
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 6

7. Energy Policy & Conservation Act 1975
First Major Piece of EE Legislation
 Macroeconomic Shock! 1973-74 oil embargo
 President Gerald Ford signed the legislation on
December 22, 1975, setting the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve (SPR) into motion.
 Directs President to:
 Develop standards for agency procurement policies w.r.t.
energy efficiency
 Develop a 10-yr plan for energy conservation in Federal
buildings
ARRA for North Texas ICC Handout # 7

8. Energy Conservation & Production Act
1977 (ECPA - 42 USC 6833)
 Establishes -10% goal 1985 over 1975 baseline
 Coupled w/ DOE Organization Act 1977
 Energy issues previously administered by independent
Agencies
 Federal Power Commission, renamed FERC
 Atomic Energy Commission, renamed NRC
 Major impetus in energy planning and coordination
 “Energy crisis" of mid-1970’s, OPEC Oil Embargo (October 1973)
 Congressional concern focused on matters of energy reliability,
environmental protection, reasonable prices, economic stability,
and national security.
ARRA for North Texas ICC Handout # 8

9. The Role of U.S. DOE
 Energy Conservation and Production Act, §304
 Updating State building energy efficiency codes
 DOE required to conduct a “determination”
 Whether model code (IECC) when published
 Whether standard (ASHRAE 90.1) when published
 If new code improves efficiency, states have 2 years:
 adopt the commercial energy code or one equally stringent
 consider adoption residential code and inform DOE of intentions
 No penalties for non-compliance; BUT also no $$$ !!!
Handout #

10. Energy Policy Act 1992 (PL 102-486)
The New Paradigm
 Macroeconomic Shock! Persian Gulf War, also known
as the First Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991)
 Comprehensively addressed:
 (Title I) Energy efficiency, energy conservation and energy
management,
 (Title II) Natural gas imports and exports,
 (Title III-V) Alternative fuels and requiring certain fleets to acquire
alternative fuel vehicles, which are capable of operating on
nonpetroleum fuels
 (Title VI) Electric motor vehicles,
 (Title VIII) Radioactive waste,
 (Title VII) Amended parts of Federal Power Act of 1935
 (Title XIII) Coal power and clean coal,
 (Title XII) Renewable energy, and other issues
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 10

11. Energy Policy Act 1992
The New Paradigm
 Among the provisions
 Section 801
 Directs the U.S. EPA to promulgate radiation protection
standards for the Yucca Mountain repository.
 Impacts
 Electric power deregulation,
 Building codes,
 1992 – 1993 CABO MEC
 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1989
 Energy Star (regulating energy efficient consumer products)
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 11

12. Energy Policy Act 2005
 Macroeconomic Shock!
Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan
 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (Pub.L. 109-58)
 Passed by the Congress JUL 29, 2005, and
signed into law by President George W. Bush
AUG 8, 2005.
 A further attempt to combat growing energy
problems, changed US energy policy by
providing tax incentives and loan guarantees for
energy production and efficiency measures.
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 12

13. The Role of U.S. EPA
 Clean Air Act of 1963, 1970, 1990
 Describes one of a number of pieces of legislation
relating to the reduction of smog and air pollution.
 Used by governments to enforce clean air standards
 Contributed to an improvement in human health and
longer life spans.
 Led to use of atmospheric dispersion models,
including point source models, roadway air
dispersion models and aircraft air pollution models in
order to analyze air quality impacts.
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 13

14. Montreal Protocol (1987-89)
on Substances That Deplete
the Ozone Layer
 An international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by
phasing out the production of a number of substances believed
to be responsible for ozone depletion.
 CFC’s, HCFC’s and HFC’s
 Ozone Depletion Factor
 Opened for signature on SEP 16, 1987 in force on JAN 1, 1989
 First meeting in Helsinki, May 1989. Since then…
 Seven revisions, in 1990 (London), 1991 (Nairobi), 1992 (Copenhagen),
1993 (Bangkok), 1995 (Vienna), 1997 (Montreal), and 1999 (Beijing).
 Due to its widespread adoption and implementation the ozone
layer is expected to recover by 2050.
 Perhaps the single most successful international agreement to
date has been the Montreal Protocol”
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 14

15. EPA Endangerment Finding (15 DEC 09)
 April 2, 2007, landmark Supreme Court decision in Massachusetts v. EPA.
 April 2, 2008, MA, D.C. and 17 states, along with NY City and Baltimore in
amicus curiae, filed a petition for mandamus with U.S. Court of Appeals in
the D.C. Circuit seeking to compel EPA to act on remand within sixty days.
 In Massachusetts, the Supreme Court found that GHG’s are “pollutants”
under the CAA,
 EPA Endangerment Finding:
 On December 15, 2009, EPA published the final endangerment and cause or
contribute findings for GHGs under section 202(a) of the CAA.
 A mix of atmospheric concentrations of six key GHG’s threatens the public
health and welfare of current and future generations.
 GHG’s are: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydro
fluorocarbons (HFCs), per fluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 15

16. The Role of Model Code and
Standard Development Organizations
 Residential/Commercial Energy Code – IECC
 3-year development cycle (2009, 2012, 2015, etc.)
 ICC administers code change process and does not
advocate specific energy policies or goals
 Proposals must pass a Code Development Committee and
then final action votes by U.S. code enforcement officials
 Commercial Energy Standard – ASHRAE 90.1
 3-year development cycle (2007, 2010, 2013, etc.) on a
“continuous maintenance” basis
 ASHRAE develops according to ANSI “consensus”
procedures and advocates for energy goals with U.S. DOE
 Proposals referred to technical subcommittees for approval
and then to full SSPC 90.1
Handout #

17. International Energy Conservation Code
 “The national model energy code of choice” for U.S. cities and states that
adopt codes.
 Continues to emphasize both prescriptive and performance-related
provisions for both commercial and residential buildings.
 Performance criteria for residential and commercial energy efficiency
using simulated energy analysis is also addressed.
 Cited throughout Federal law for national, private, and public housing
initiatives.
 Basis for federal tax credits for energy efficient homes, standards for
federal and manufactured housing.
 Under federally insured EEM programs (FHA and VA) and the conventional
mortgage market (Fannie Mae Freddie Mac), homes meeting IECC help
borrowers qualify for larger loans.
2009 IECC Update Webinar
17 Handout # 1

18. U.S. Residential Energy Code
History of Efficiency Improvements
Handout #

19. Handout #

20. U.S. Commercial Energy Code
History of Efficiency Improvements
2001 IECC
2003 IECC
2006 IECC
2009 IECC
2012 IECC
Handout #

21. Handout #

22. The Role of State and
Local Governments
 Energy code adoptions left to the states, and in
instances, the cities, towns and jurisdictions:
 Legislative/administrative updates on regular/irregular basis
 Model code adoptions may be with state amendments
 Some states develop their own energy codes (CA, WA, FL)
 Code enforcement left to local jurisdictions
 Life-safety and public health issues often take precedence
 Continuing education and budget constraints
 Thus, energy code implementation and enforcement is
uneven across states
Handout #

23. Other Developments in Sustainable &
High-Performance Buildings
Handout #

24. Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007
(DOE Office of High-Performance Green Buildings)
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 24

25. American Recovery & Reinvestment Act
How does the Recovery Act help?
 The Recovery Act contains language requiring a
plan to adopt
 2009 IECC or better-residential; and
 2007 ASHRAE 90.1 or better-commercial;
 A condition for qualifying for $ 3.1 billion in State
Energy Program funds
 Stimulus also funds EISA Block Grants, which has specific
language authorizing grants to develop, implement and
adopt and enforce, building codes among others
Handout #

26. Energy Efficiency Community Block Grants
(EECBG)
 Authorized by Energy Independence & Security
Act of 2007 and funded by ARRA
 $2.7 Billion in formulaically-allocated grants
 $455 Million in competitively-bid grants
 Eligibility requirements
 Cities >35,000 pop.
 Counties >200,000 pop. or one of ten largest in your State
 Complete listing at:
http://www.eecbg.energy.gov/grantalloc.htm
Handout #

27. ARRA
The Recovery Act’s 90% Compliance Metric
 Use a statistically-valid sample (population-based)
 44± Buildings per State in four population-categories:
 New Residential
 New Commercial
 Residential renovations
 Commercial renovations
 Target Benchmarks
 2009 IECC for Residential
 ASHRAE 90.1-2007 for Commercial
 90% compliance need only be demonstrated once
ARRA for North Texas ICC Handout # 27

28. Sample Generator
90% Compliance
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 28

29. Sample Composition
90% Compliance
Significant Energy Legislation Handout # 29

30. Voluntary, Above-Code Programs
 Predominant U.S. voluntary programs:
 Direct comparisons to target codes (IECC, 90.1) will not be performed.
30

31. ICC Green Code
Project Update
International Green Construction Code

32. Thank You!
For more information and updates
check the ICC website
www.iccsafe.org