The document provides an overview of the China Automotive Energy Research Center (CAERC) Research Program. It outlines the center's mission to conduct multidisciplinary research on automotive energy and assist the Chinese government in developing sustainable automotive strategies. It describes CAERC's research resources which include institutions affiliated with Tsinghua University and external partner institutions. It also presents CAERC's administrative structure and outlines its research focus areas including energy supply chains, integrated automotive energy roadmaps and policies, and energy demand assessments.

1. 1
CAERC Research Program OverviewCAERC Research Program Overview
ZHANG Xiliang
China Automotive Energy Research Center
Tsinghua University
2
中心成立中心成立中心成立中心成立
Opening
Ceremony
April 19, 2008

2. 3
Mission
To conduct multidisciplinary, systematic and in-depth
research in the field of automotive energy
To create and widespread the knowledge for the
establishment of affordable, safe and environmentally
friendly automotive energy system in China and the world
To assist Chinese Government in formulating sustainable
automotive strategies and policies
To foster leaders for the Chinese sustainable automotive
energy system transformation.
4
Research ResourcesResearch Resources
Seven institutions associated within Tsinghua
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Economics
- Department of Automobile Engineering
- Department of Thermal Engineering
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- Department of Environment Science and Technology
- School of Economics and Management
- School of Public Policy and Management
Thour external institutions associated
- Development Research Center of State Council
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, China Academy of Sciences
- China Automotive Technology And Research Center (CATARC)
- Energy Research Institute of National Development and Reform Commission
Research staff and post doctoral fellows: 26 +
Doctoral and master students: 16+

3. 5
Administrative Structure
Steering Committee:
studying and formulation of the research development
plan of the CAERC
review and approval of the annual working plans and
budgets of the CAERC
relationship coordination and gaining support from
domestic and foreign resources to the CAERC, etc..
The CAERC will establish an Advisory Board which
shall provide consultation and guidance to the
academic research of the Center
6
Energy Supply ChainsEnergy Supply Chains
CAERC Research OverviewCAERC Research Overview
Research Lead Institute
Energy Pathways
Supply Chain Dimensions / Key Elements
Biomass
Fuels
Coal-based
fuels
Oil/Gas
Hydrocarbons
Electricity Hydrogen
Resources, Production and current/future uses
Conv ersion technologies (incl. cost, energy, water, CO2)
Inf rastructure: Physical supply chain
Economics / Cost / Price
Inv estors / Commercial interests / Stakeholders
Supply chain system interactions with others and water
Policy drivers/considerations (incl. impact analysis)
IntegratedIntegrated
AutomotiveAutomotive
EnergyEnergy
RoadmapRoadmap
& Policies& Policies
Integrated AssessmentsIntegrated Assessments
Energy DemandEnergy Demand
Energy Demand Lead
Ov erview of China energy demand scenarios
China v ehicle and automotive energy demand growth
Fuel characteristics f or optimal match to propulsion system
Key aspects of integrated assessments Lead
Energy f uture scenarios from system modeling (implications of
different technology dev elopments, policies, disruptions)
Well-to-wheels energy pathway assessments /
Policy drivers/considerations (incl. impact of current/planned)
Societal drivers/considerations (urbanization, regional div ersity,
env. quality, transportation inf rastructure)
Develop integrated
framework and
metrics for
assessment of
future scenarios
Provide landmark
and ongoing energy
and policy/regulation
analysis
ReportReport
Report
Legend
Prof Wang
Prof Zhang
Prof Li
Prof Ouyang
DRC
External
Deliverables
• Demand scenarios:
• Bio-fuel roadmap;
• Coal-derived fuels roadmap:
• Electricity supply and transmission outlook
• Hydrogen roadmap
• Oil and natural gas roadmap
• Integrated automotive energy strategy

4. 7
Research Project TimelineResearch Project Timeline
Projects 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Biofuel Roadmap
Coal-derived Fuels
Roadmap
Oil and N. Gas
Roadmap
Electricity Roadmap
Hydrogen Roadmap
Vehicle and Energy Demand
Integrated Automotive Energy
Roadmap
Report for release
The Policy Team will use the CAERC’s ongoing research deliverables
to inform & refine policy implications and position statements
8
China’s coal flow in 2006
Power gen.(47%), industry(21%) and coking(19%) are
Top-3 coal consumers in China

5. 9
China’s Crude Oil flow in 2005
炼油炼油炼油炼油 refinery
290.04
自产自产自产自产 domestic
181.35
进口进口进口进口 import
118.75
库存库存库存库存 inventory
0.79
原油原油原油原油 crude oil
total=300.89
炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品 refinery prod.
276.69
油品油品油品油品 oil product
Total=197.12
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 55.96
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 113.12
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 17.67
其他产品其他产品其他产品其他产品 other products
total=79.57
液化气液化气液化气液化气 LPG 17.19
炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气 gas 10.05
其它其它其它其它 other 52.34
成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口 oil prod. Import
total=30.01
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 3.38
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 0.54
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 26.09
成品油成品油成品油成品油 Oil prod.
total=227.13
+
交通交通交通交通
transportation
total=149.06
Share=45%
+ 总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费
Oil consumption
total=330.9
炼油炼油炼油炼油 refinery
290.04
自产自产自产自产 domestic
181.35
进口进口进口进口 import
118.75
库存库存库存库存 inventory
0.79
原油原油原油原油 crude oil
total=300.89
自产自产自产自产 domestic
181.35
进口进口进口进口 import
118.75
库存库存库存库存 inventory
0.79
原油原油原油原油 crude oil
total=300.89
炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品 refinery prod.
276.69
油品油品油品油品 oil product
Total=197.12
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 55.96
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 113.12
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 17.67
其他产品其他产品其他产品其他产品 other products
total=79.57
液化气液化气液化气液化气 LPG 17.19
炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气 gas 10.05
其它其它其它其它 other 52.34
炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品炼油产品 refinery prod.
276.69
油品油品油品油品 oil product
Total=197.12
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 55.96
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 113.12
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 17.67
其他产品其他产品其他产品其他产品 other products
total=79.57
液化气液化气液化气液化气 LPG 17.19
炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气炼厂气 gas 10.05
其它其它其它其它 other 52.34
成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口 oil prod. Import
total=30.01
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 3.38
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 0.54
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 26.09
成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口成品油进口 oil prod. Import
total=30.01
汽油汽油汽油汽油 gasoline 3.38
柴油柴油柴油柴油 diesel 0.54
燃料油燃料油燃料油燃料油 fuel oil 26.09
成品油成品油成品油成品油 Oil prod.
total=227.13
成品油成品油成品油成品油 Oil prod.
total=227.13
+
交通交通交通交通
transportation
total=149.06
Share=45%
+ 总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费
Oil consumption
total=330.9
总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费总石油消费
Oil consumption
total=330.9
Unit: Mtoe
Copyright © Tsinghua-BP Clean Energy Research and Education Center
Source: adopted from China Energy Statistical Yearbook 2006
10
China’s Natural Gas flow in 2006
Nearly 75% of the
total demand is from
industry (mainly for the
raw chemical materials and
chemical products)

6. 11267.2494.6130.7521.44Passenger car population乘用车保有量（million）
183.0467.7223.216.4Passenger car ownership 乘用车保有率（/1k）
312.85132.0653.4831.60Vehicle Population 汽车保有量（Million）
214.2894.5340.224.2Vehicle Ownership保有率（/1k person）
2030202020102005Year
Predict results of BAU Scenario
12
20202010
0.005
0.005
0.05
Car
0.01
0.08
0.03
Bus
0.0010.10.050.00005FCV
0.0080.030.040.0005BEV
0.050.510.005HEV
TruckBusCarTruck
Penetration of technologies （（（（%））））
Technologies and fuels assumption of BAU Scenario
15
15
6
2
62
Mini
5
5
2
1
87
Mini
15
15
6
29
35
Middle
20202010
1515555LPG
1515555CNG
66222Ethanol
2864304883Diesel
36058405Gasoline
smalllargesmallMiddlelarge
Penetration of car fuels（（（（%））））
4
4
3
8.8
80.2
Mini
1
1
0.8
4.4
92.8
Mini
4
4
3
69
20
Middle
20202010
44111LPG
44111CNG
330.80.80.8Ethanol
68.88964.467.296.2Diesel
20.2032.8301Gasoline
lightlargelightMiddlelarge
104LPG
104CNG
62Ethanol
1210Diesel
6280Gasoline
20202010
Penetration of Buses fuels（（（（%））））
Penetration of Trucks fuels（（（（%））））

7. 13
Energy demands and GHG emission (BAU)
汽车能源需求和温室气体排放汽车能源需求和温室气体排放汽车能源需求和温室气体排放汽车能源需求和温室气体排放
（million ton gasoline equivalent ）
EnergyDemands(milliontons)
GHGemission(milliontons)
（million ton CO2 equivalent ）
14
Biomass-Supply Balance Table: Forest Residues 108
tons
0.15——0.010.04——————0.1Others
1.230.20.0840.40.20.2500.096
Biomass
practical
accessibility
0.23——0.050.1——————0.08
Wood pulp
production
0.62——0.260.21——————0.15
Board
production
0.06——————————0.06——
charcoal
production
0.86————0.46————0.240.16
Direct
combustion
3.150.20.4041.210.20.250.30.586
Biomass
technical
accessibility
4.2550.40.0362.420.10.8750.060.364
Loss during
collection
2.025————1.21——0.3750.120.32
Returns for the
field
9.430.60.444.840.31.50.481.27
Biomass
availability
0——————————————Export
0.18——0.18——————————Import
9.250.60.264.840.31.50.481.27
Indigenous
generation
Generation
Collection
Consumption
Others
Urban pruning
residues
Bush
residues
Fuelwood
logging &
bucking
residues
Total
Tertiary
Forest
Industry
Secondary
Forest
Industry
Primary Forest Industry
Item

8. 15
Forest Residue Flow
Copyright: Biofuel Group, CAERC, Tsinghua University
16
Market potential: Biofuel in Transport Energy Supply
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百标标标标Mtoe
石百FossilGasoline & Diesel 天天天NaturalGas 煤煤煤煤Coal-to-liquid 生生煤煤Biofuels 其其其其煤煤Others

9. 17
Economic Potential of Biofuels
0
50
100
150
200
250
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百标标标标Mtoe
生生生百1st Biodiesel 生生生生百2nd Syn-Biofuels 煤煤燃燃1st Bioethanol 素燃燃纤纤 2nd Bioethanol 生生生生天SNG
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百标标标标Mtoe
生生生百1 st Biod iese l 生生生生百2n d Sy n-Bio fue ls 煤煤燃燃1 st Bioe tha no l 素燃燃纤纤 2n d Bio eth an ol
生生生生天SNG 生生质质质Bioe le ctricity 生生生氢Bio hy d rog en
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百标标标标Mtoe
一 其生生 煤煤 1s t Biofuels 二 其生生 煤煤 2nd Biofuels
18
Economic potential: Biofuels in Transport Energy Supply
0
100
200
300
400
500
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百百标标标标Mtoe
石百FossilGasoline & Diesel 天天天NaturalGas 煤煤煤煤Coal-to-liquid 生生煤煤Biofuels 其其其其煤煤Others

10. 19
Final Energy Demand Scenario
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Mtce
Coal Oil Electricity Gas Heat
Source: Tsinghua University ALTENERGYModel output.
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤100Mtce
Other RE
Biomass
Solar
Wind
Hydro
Nuclear
NG
Oil
Coal
Reference Scenario

11. 21
CO2 Emission Constraint Scenario
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤100Mtce
Other RE
Biomass
Solar
Wind
Hydro
Nuclear
NG
Oil
Coal
22
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤亿吨标煤100Mtce
Other RE
Biomass
Solar
Wind
Hydro
Nuclear
NG
Oil
Coal
Dual Constraints Scenario

12. 23
Energy Costs for Energy System Transformation
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
$/tce
Dual Constraints CO2 Emission Constraint Reference
24
Some Important EventsSome Important Events
March 4 ----- 1st Steering Committee’s meeting
April 19 ----- Opening of CAERC
May 19 ----- GM VP Kenneth W. Cole visited CAERC
May 21 ----- US delegation from Department of Treasure and
Department of Energy visited CAERC
May 22 ----- US-China Ten Year Energy and Environment
Cooperation Framework “Clean and Efficient Transportation”
Taskforce Brainstorm Organized by CAERCOrganized by CAERC
June 27 ----- Professor Jiankun HE, Chair of CAERC Steering
Committee, gave a lecture on climate change for the top Chinese
leaders
September 24 – October 9 ----- Study tour of CAERC researchers in
USA
October 15 ---- Sandia National Lab VP and CTO visiting CAERC

13. 25
US Delegation from Department of Treasure and Department ofUS Delegation from Department of Treasure and Department of
Energy visited CAERC on May 21, 2008Energy visited CAERC on May 21, 2008
26
USUS--China Strategic Economic Dialogue's Ten YearChina Strategic Economic Dialogue's Ten Year
Energy and Environment Cooperation FrameworkEnergy and Environment Cooperation Framework
““Clean and Efficient TransportationClean and Efficient Transportation”” TaskforceTaskforce
Brainstorm on May 22, 2008Brainstorm on May 22, 2008

14. 27
Thank youThank you