The document discusses innovation in cancer treatment in California. It notes that California companies have hundreds of oncology products in development that could lead to new lifesaving therapies. Continued investment is critical to ongoing research and development of new treatments. The pace of innovation has quickened in recent years, with 29 new cancer treatments approved nationally since 2008 alone.

1. Oncology | CA
20
YEARS www.chi.org

2. The CAliForniA bioSCienCe SeCTor develops cutting-edge
cancer treatments that help patients live longer, healthier lives. The pace of innovation has
quickened in recent years, bringing us closer to previously unimagined treatments. california
companies have hundreds of oncology products in the development pipeline. continued
federal and private investment in research will be critical to the ongoing development of
lifesaving therapies and the creation of high-paying, biomedical jobs.
4 4
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
2 | www.chi.org
MEET STEvE BArrAGEr: HOW BIOSCIENCE HELPS PATIENTS LIvE LONGEr AND HEALTHIEr
neW MoleCUlAr enTiTieS
(nMes) APProVeD For
The TreATMenT oF
CAnCer bY YeAr:
number of nMEs
approved nationally:
2
7
12
Recent data demonstrate
that from 1990 to 2008 the
overall death rate from cancer
has decreased by 18% which
translates to approximately 1,024,000 saved lives during that time period.
It started in 2005 with severe back pain and loss of
energy and appetite. Every few months, I complained
to my doctor of pain. In January 2007, with more pain
than ever, I went to an orthopedic specialist and had
x-rays taken of my spine. The specialist referred me to a
general practitioner, who ordered new tests but decided
just two days later, “we are wasting time.” That’s when an
oncologist told me “I think you have cancer.” By the end
of that day, February 16, 2007, I was diagnosed with
advanced multiple myeloma, a rare blood cancer—facing imminent kidney failure
and collapsing vertebrae.
For three years I took the few approved drugs available for my cancer. They fi rst
controlled the disease, but caused side effects that hospitalized me for weeks.
The next treatment was better, but lost its effectiveness, as is common in the
type of cancer I have. We were desperate when my oncologist recommended a
clinical trial at the University of california, San Francisco.
I was fortunate. Three months on the trial, I had minimal side effects and an
amazing response: my tests came back normal. I can’t kayak anymore, but I am
enjoying a relatively normal and productive life: I have started a digital publishing
company, and I think I might get to see my grandchildren grow up.
My multiple myeloma will certainly adapt to the current treatment, but I hope that
there will be a new drug available when I need it. I urge policymakers to invest in
biomedical research, because patients like me depend on it.
Steve and Sandraline Barrager

3. 35%
43%
www.chi.org | 3
ADvANCING CANCEr
THErAPY AND TrEATMENT
The pace of innovation in oncology is accelerating. nationally, 29 nMEs
have been approved since 2008. Healthier behaviors, better care,
and innovative treatments are helping people live longer. According
to the most recent data available from the national cancer Institute
(ncI), “overall cancer death rates continued to decline in the United
States among both men and women, among all major racial and ethnic
groups, and for all of the most common cancer sites.”
Source: National Cancer Institute, 1/7/13
DeSPiTe The FAST PACe oF innoVATion,
CAnCer reMAinS The nATion’S SeConD
leADing CAUSe oF DeATh.
It takes extensive investment, experimentation and time to develop new
treatments and secure government approval. Each experiment or study helps
lay the groundwork for advances to come. Signifi cant challenges still remain for
certain recalcitrant cancers (e.g., pancreatic, lung, esophageal, brain, multiple
myeloma, and liver), which are the deadliest cancers. The promise of innova-tions
like individualized oncological treatments can be fulfi lled with continued
investment in a robust product pipeline.
IN CALIfOrNIA,
278 cancer TreaTmenTs
WErE IN DEvELOPMENT IN 2012
ALONE, uP frOM 253 IN 2011.
CALIfOrNIA HAS MOrE THAN
1,400 producTs IN THE
PIPELINE, rEPrESENTING
21% of
THe ToTal
biomedical
pipeline in
the U.S
278
253
2012
2011
ncI has projected that
the number of cancer
survivors will rise from 13.7 million today to over 18 million
in 2020
iMProVeMenT in 5-YeAr
relATiVe SUrViVAl rATeS
FroM 1975-2008:
1975 2008
All sites
Brain
Breast
liver
Prostate
Myeloma
colorectal
lung
49%
3%
75%
68%
100%
25%
51%
12%
17%
65%
22%
68%
90%
16%

4. BIOSCIENCE AND THE ECONOMY:
IMPACT AT A GLANCE
California’s bioscience companies and research institutions are major employers that create life-saving
therapies, provide highly valued jobs, and grow the economy.
The sector’s impact on
the California economy
More than 2,300 biomedical companies and
public and private research institutions are
located in California.
Total product sales were $35 billion in 2011.
Total revenue for the California biomedical
industry was $69.2 billion.
Source: 2013 California Biomedical Industry Report
(CHI, BayBio and PwC)
4 | www.chi.org
Source: 2012 Battelle/BIO State Bioscience Industry Development Report
California’s bioscience innovators employ
almost 153,000 people, paying more than $15.5
billion in annual wages and accounting for $20 billion in exports to markets around
the world.
$101,658
$82,697
From 2001-2010, the bioscience industry
grew by 6.4%, adding more than
96,000 high-paying jobs.
By comparison, total employment for all private
sector industries in the U.S. fell by 2.9 percent,
representing a loss of more than 3 million jobs.
On average, bioscience jobs paid
$82,697 in 2010, $36,000 more
than the national average for highly skilled
private sector jobs.
The U.S. biopharmaceutical sector employs
more than 650,000 workers,
supports a total of 4 million jobs
across the country, and contributes more than $917 billion in economic output on an
annual basis.
On average, California’s annual salaries in the bio-medical
industry were $18,961 higher
than the national average for highly skilled
employees in 2012.
Bioscience companies and research
institutions contribute billions to
the national economy.
From 2001 to 2010, the U.S. bioscience industry
added high-paying jobs, despite net losses in
both private sector industry employment and
other leading knowledge-based industries.

5. In 2012 alone, industry funded
$48.5 billion in new bioscience
R&D projects, the largest R&D
investment relative to market
size, and more than any
other industry.
www.chi.org | 5
FDA
nIH
THE niH, academic
laboraTories, THE PriVATe
SeCTor AnD THE fda All
EXIST On A cOnTInUUM, AnD
EAcH PlAyS A cRITIcAl ROlE.
THE nIH FUnDS RESEARcH TO
UnlOcK THE MySTERIES OF
HUMAn BIOlOgy AnD THE
AcADEMIc lABORATORIES
PRIVATE SEcTOR
cAUSES OF DISEASE.
Source, PhRMA 2013 Industry Profi le
In 2012 alone, industry funded
$48.5 billion in new bioscience
R&D projects, the largest R&D
investment relative to size, and
more than any other industry.
THE CYCLE Of INNOvATION
The economic competitiveness of the United States depends largely
on our ability to maintain and grow our position in science, technology,
innovation, and research. yet, we face critical challenges: increased
competition from other countries, the lack of adequate funding for
early stage product development, and the recurring threat of reduced
nIH funding for biomedical research.
Some might consider our current environment and this list of challenges
insurmountable, but I see a “context for change” and view these
circumstances as opportunities. It’s time we reinvigorate the “quantum
leap” culture that has become synonymous with biomedical innovation.
Tony Coles, M.D., Chairman & CEO, Onyx Pharmaceuticals
california’s bioscience investors
rely on both venture capital
investment and federal research
funds from the nIH and the
nSF. In 2012, combined
funding totaled $10.7 billion.
nationally, the nIH invests
more than $30.9 billion
annually in medical research.
More than 80 percent of the
nIH’s funding is awarded
through almost 50,000
competitive grants to more
than 300,000 researchers at
more than 2,500 universities,
medical schools, and other
research institutions in every
state and around the world.

6. Collaboration and innovation:
Bioscience innovators across California
Much of the work that leads from basic research to clinical therapies is collaborative, taking place at leading
companies and research centers such as the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center.
San Diego is a powerhouse for cancer research, home to UCSD Moores Cancer Center – the region’s only
NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center – and two NCI-designated centers for basic research: the Salk
Institute Cancer Center and the Cancer Center at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute. These singular
enterprises have now formed a novel collaboration – the San Diego National Cancer Institute Cancer Centers
Council, or C3 – to leverage their distinct and combined resources and talents. This new partnership will allow
San Diego’s cancer researchers to accelerate the understanding of, and innovative treatments for, cancer.
BIOSCIENCE ACROSS CALIFORNIA
Collaborations like C3 support networks of companies and institutions that
contribute to the economy and provide jobs to a large number of Californians.
The private sector is helping translate basic research into the robust product pipelines that lead to marketable
treatments. California has more than 1,400 products in the pipeline, representing 21 percent of the total biomedical
pipeline in the U.S. In California, 278 cancer treatments were in development last year alone, up from 253 in 2011.
Source: CHI/Bay BIO/PwC
6 | www.chi.org
17% 15% 15%
6% 5%
San Francisco
Bay Area
47,019 jobs
San Diego
County
25,883 jobs
Los Angeles
County
23,054 jobs
Orange
County
23,004 jobs
Ventura &
Santa Barbara
Counties
9,047 jobs
Riverside &
San Bernadino
Counties
7,354 jobs
Sacramento
County
1,979 jobs
31%
1%

7. rECENT DEvELOPMENTS IN CANCEr THErAPY
Recent advances in molecular biology have transformed our ability to understand cancer genomics, advance
more precise therapeutic strategies, and develop better screening technologies. In just the past few years, ncI-supported
science has delivered an impressive amount of genetic information about several kinds of cancers,
and many new observations about the genesis of cancer cells, their development and behavior, and their
microenvironment. government-supported research like this provides an important foundation for developing
new clinical therapies.
www.chi.org | 7
PERSOnAlIZIng
VAccInES:
A new vaccine for
glioblastoma multiforme
(gBM), a cancer of the
nervous system, helps
patients live longer than
with other therapies. The
vaccine is custom-made for
each patient using her or his
own cancer tissue.
Researchers from the
University of california, San
Francisco collaborated with
northwestern University
researchers to create the
vaccine, which is injected
into a patient’s skin and
engages the immune
system to fi ght the cancer.
Trials showed a 25%
improvement in survival of
six months or more.
BREAKIng THROUgH
cAncER’S DEFEnSES:
Stanford researchers
have discovered that
nearly every kind of
cancer cell has a large
amount of cD47 on the
cell surface. This protein
signal protects the cancer
against attack by the
body’s immune system.
Stanford investigators have
discovered that if they
block the cD47 “don’t-eat-me”
signal through the use
of anti-cD47 antibodies,
macrophages will consume
and destroy cancer cells.
Deadly human cancers
have been diminished
or eliminated in animal
models through the use of
anti-cD47 antibodies.
(http://stemcell.stanford.
edu/cD47/)
USIng cOlD
VIRUSES TO
FIgHT cAncER:
Findings by a team of
scientists at the Salk
Institute for Biological
Studies suggest that cold
viruses might be a valuable
ally in the fi ght against
cancer. Adenovirus, one
kind of cold virus, has
developed tools allowing
it to hijack cell processes
involved in growth,
replication and cancer
suppression. The fi ndings
suggest a new avenue
for developing cancer
therapies by mimicking
the strategies employed
by the viruses.
(http://www.salk.edu/news/
pressrelease_details.php?-
press_id=583)
DEVElOPIng STEM
cEll THERAPIES:
city of Hope, an ncI-designated
comprehensive
cancer center, is conducting
a fi rst-in-human investi-gational
study of a neural
stem cell-based therapy
targeting recurrent high-grade
gliomas, the most
aggressive types of brain
tumors. neural stem cells
can help deliver therapies
to tumor sites, which may
help meet two major chal-lenges
facing current gene
therapy strategies: effective
delivery and distribution of a
therapeutic agent through-out
tumor sites.
(http://www.cityofhope.
org/patient_care/treat-ments/
Brain-tumors/Pages/
default.aspx)

8. ABOUT THE CALIFORNIA HEALTHCARE INSTITUTE:
The California Healthcare Institute (CHI) was founded in
1993 as an independent 501(c)(6) organization devoted to
researching and advocating policy to forward the interests
of California’s biomedical community.
CHI has built a membership of more than 275 leading
biomedical companies, academic and research
institutions, and companies involved in
supporting the biomedical community.
www.chi.org
20
YEARS