This white paper discusses the need for collaboration across stakeholders in oncology care to define value and access to cancer therapies. It notes increasing drug development costs and the need for value-based medicine to provide both enhanced outcomes and lower costs. Real-world evidence from data on patient outcomes is important for evaluating value and informing decisions by regulators, payers and other stakeholders. Accountable care organizations and a shift to more patient-centered, value-based models in the US and globally are changing expectations and incentives around oncology drug development.