Chen 5
Proofread the essay to make sure there are no grammatical and typing errors, the language is formal academic, and formatting is correct
Name: Qian Chen
Course: ENGL 1301
Instructor: Prof. Maur
Date: 2020/5/29
Tuskegee Airmen Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Create your own title for this essay
Add the image here
Introduction
In Gordon Parks’ Photography titled “Tuskegee Men,” five men are pictured gambling in a room that appeared to be an air force base. All the four have pilot’s gear and they are black men, which very unprecedented to be as the image was taken in the year 1943. Eventually this was the first ever group of black men, who successfully completed a pilot’s training and become fully fledged pilots of the Air force. That is why the Tuskegee Men is very relevant and why it has found its way in the Gordon Park archives, because it is historical especially for the black community. The image is a clear representation of victory to the black community, this is an image that can be used to encourage other member of the black community that anything is possible as long one is able to put their mind to it. Thesis: In the thesis using the visual elements analyzed in this essay, show what the photographer is trying to achieve or portray Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: This seems to be copied from the website. Proved citation
Mainly because achieving what the Tuskegee men achieved in 1943 was an impossibility and this actually set precedent for the black community in the air force, it opened the doors for the other young people who had the same ambitions and dreams (Moye, 2010). Although the image is monochromatic it creates the feeling of fulfillment and hope to someone viewing the image and understanding the history of the characters in the image. This makes visual representation an important aspect especially in the civil rights movement, Gordon Park understood the power of Visual Representation and that is why there are various images with the same message. In a community that has experienced disparities for the longest period, making it in any field just like in the Air Force is a great achievement in regards to all the barriers that the black community faces in the country. Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Not sure where the point from the source starts. This incorporation of source is incorrect Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: What is the purpose of this paragraph?
Thesis: The Gordon Park Archive is filled with Photography and similar materials of the black community. In a community that has faced oppression and disparity up to the moment, visual representation of black excellence and success is something that is integral to the spirit and hope of the black community.
Establishing the fact that the visual documentation of the black excellence is an integral part and one of the elements that build up the hope and spirit of the black community. It is also important to understand that how the Photographs in this case are taken is importan.
Conclusion Of A Compare And Contrast Essay.pdfTrina Martin
How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay?. School essay: Conclusion for a compare and contrast essay. Essay websites: Compare and contrast essay conclusion examples. Compare and Contrast Essay II | Secondary School | Lecture. Compare And Contrast Essay Introduction – Telegraph. Reflection Essay: Examples of college compare and contrast essays.
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MethodologyThis researcher will use a qualitative methodology .docxaryan532920
Methodology
This researcher will use a qualitative methodology for this research to exploring the effectiveness of leadership within the Pennsylvania Army National Guard and the potential impact of such leadership has on communication and training of the multi-generational and diverse culture groups. Qualitative methods will allow the researcher to design a creative synthesis utilizing the qualitative style. Using qualitative analysis, the research can describe how much each generation’s attitudes, work ethics, and values exist (Bansal & Corley, 2012). Because of this reasons, this research relies on qualitative methodology and case study design. Case study research entails a detailed and thorough study of a single unit for comprehending a more extensive class of similar units. A single case study can act as the foundation of important explanations. Qualitative research methods is most appropriate since the research will seek to answer a question by methodically using a distinct set of actions through a literature review, data collection, and obtaining information through interviews of the opinions and perceptions about their experience of a specific population (Creswell, 2014; Mack, Woodsong, MacQueen, Guest, & Namey, 2005). Lastly this method is appropriate for the research since it also allows the researcher to inquire how and why from the participants. Collecting data on generational differences in the military, potential conflicts, and the consequential challenges for the military leaders are part of the study.Study Population and Sampling Procedure
The population of this research will comprise of military Officers, Non-Commission Officers, and Enlisted Soldiers of different culture and age groups. According to Yilmaz (2013), purposive sampling in qualitative research plays a significant role when it comes to the selection of unique condition or specific individuals for a research. Researchers that utilize this concept produce valuable information and a detailed comprehension of the phenomenon in question. Purposive sampling is most suitable when the researcher is interested in a group of individuals with specific characteristics.
Using data collection, analysis, and face-to-face semi-structured interviews will allow the researcher to collect information about real life experiences of the military leaders and their subordinates in the work setting. A secondary source of material is also crucial for this research as it provides the researcher with additional information that adds credibility and strength to the findings. The secondary source of material should include the current human resource strategies used in the military and other civilian organizations as well as the standard operating procedures that the military leaders use in the management of multigenerational workforces. This additional source of material will come a long way in assisting with the comprehension of the phenomenon. The interviews carried out in this stage sh ...
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My Career Goals Essay Example Free Essay Example. 020 Essay Example Career Thatsnotus. Career Essay. 004 Essay On Career Example Joshua Cate Thatsnotus. 011 Why Do You Deserve This Scholarship Essay Example Thatsnotus. Essay about a Job, Career or Business: A Thesis-Based Essay .... Essay On Career Career Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Expository essay: Sample career plan essay. 001 Essay Example Career Goal Thatsnotus. College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples. Employment Essay. ️ Essay on topic career. Educational And Career Goals, Essay Sample .... Choosing a career essays - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. Professional Career Narrative Essay Example - PHDessay.com. Amazing Career Essay Thatsnotus. 008 Essay Example Future Career Plan Sample 617907 Thatsnotus. Career essay... Choosing A Career Essay Examples Kibin. How to choose a career: Essay Example, 405 words EssayPay. Essays For Employment. Essays For Employment1. Essay About Career Plans And Goals. Argumentative Essay: Job essay. Amazing Career Aspirations Essay Thatsnotus. Choosing A Career Essay Telegraph. College Essay: Essay on my career goals. Definition Essay: My future career essay nurse. Career goals Essay Essay on Career goals for Students and Children in .... How To Write A 500 Word Essay On Career Goals - Agnew Text. College Essay Career Goals 2. Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples. 005 Essay Example Sample On Nursing Career Goals Technicalcollege About .... Your ideal career essay writing Essays On Career Essays On Career. College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples
Comparative Essay - 10+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. Essential Points of Compare and Contrast Essay. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Outline Point-By-Point With .... Descriptive essay: Comparison research paper example. Compare contrast essay outline example. Compare and Contrast Essay .... Essay websites: How to write a contrasting essay. Writing A Comparative Essay — Step 1 - Choose Your Subject. 014 Essay Example Compare Contrast Essays ~ Thatsnotus. Compare and contrast essay examples college vs high school - Compare ....
Conclusion Of A Compare And Contrast Essay.pdfTrina Martin
How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay?. School essay: Conclusion for a compare and contrast essay. Essay websites: Compare and contrast essay conclusion examples. Compare and Contrast Essay II | Secondary School | Lecture. Compare And Contrast Essay Introduction – Telegraph. Reflection Essay: Examples of college compare and contrast essays.
Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Outline Point-By-Point With .... Writing a Compare/Contrast Essay:. Surprising Comparison Contrast Essay Examples ~ Thatsnotus. 009 High School Vs College Essay Compare And Contrast Example English .... 021 Compare Contrast Essay Difference Between High School College ....
A good man is hard to find
Best Ways To Study Essay
Example Of Search Strategy
My Reflection Of Art
Myself As An Artist
Essay on The Meaning of Life
A Good Man Is Hard To Find
Free Papers
MethodologyThis researcher will use a qualitative methodology .docxaryan532920
Methodology
This researcher will use a qualitative methodology for this research to exploring the effectiveness of leadership within the Pennsylvania Army National Guard and the potential impact of such leadership has on communication and training of the multi-generational and diverse culture groups. Qualitative methods will allow the researcher to design a creative synthesis utilizing the qualitative style. Using qualitative analysis, the research can describe how much each generation’s attitudes, work ethics, and values exist (Bansal & Corley, 2012). Because of this reasons, this research relies on qualitative methodology and case study design. Case study research entails a detailed and thorough study of a single unit for comprehending a more extensive class of similar units. A single case study can act as the foundation of important explanations. Qualitative research methods is most appropriate since the research will seek to answer a question by methodically using a distinct set of actions through a literature review, data collection, and obtaining information through interviews of the opinions and perceptions about their experience of a specific population (Creswell, 2014; Mack, Woodsong, MacQueen, Guest, & Namey, 2005). Lastly this method is appropriate for the research since it also allows the researcher to inquire how and why from the participants. Collecting data on generational differences in the military, potential conflicts, and the consequential challenges for the military leaders are part of the study.Study Population and Sampling Procedure
The population of this research will comprise of military Officers, Non-Commission Officers, and Enlisted Soldiers of different culture and age groups. According to Yilmaz (2013), purposive sampling in qualitative research plays a significant role when it comes to the selection of unique condition or specific individuals for a research. Researchers that utilize this concept produce valuable information and a detailed comprehension of the phenomenon in question. Purposive sampling is most suitable when the researcher is interested in a group of individuals with specific characteristics.
Using data collection, analysis, and face-to-face semi-structured interviews will allow the researcher to collect information about real life experiences of the military leaders and their subordinates in the work setting. A secondary source of material is also crucial for this research as it provides the researcher with additional information that adds credibility and strength to the findings. The secondary source of material should include the current human resource strategies used in the military and other civilian organizations as well as the standard operating procedures that the military leaders use in the management of multigenerational workforces. This additional source of material will come a long way in assisting with the comprehension of the phenomenon. The interviews carried out in this stage sh ...
Essays On Career. College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals E...Maggie Cooper
My Career Goals Essay Example Free Essay Example. 020 Essay Example Career Thatsnotus. Career Essay. 004 Essay On Career Example Joshua Cate Thatsnotus. 011 Why Do You Deserve This Scholarship Essay Example Thatsnotus. Essay about a Job, Career or Business: A Thesis-Based Essay .... Essay On Career Career Essay for Students and Children in English - A .... Expository essay: Sample career plan essay. 001 Essay Example Career Goal Thatsnotus. College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples. Employment Essay. ️ Essay on topic career. Educational And Career Goals, Essay Sample .... Choosing a career essays - writefiction581.web.fc2.com. Professional Career Narrative Essay Example - PHDessay.com. Amazing Career Essay Thatsnotus. 008 Essay Example Future Career Plan Sample 617907 Thatsnotus. Career essay... Choosing A Career Essay Examples Kibin. How to choose a career: Essay Example, 405 words EssayPay. Essays For Employment. Essays For Employment1. Essay About Career Plans And Goals. Argumentative Essay: Job essay. Amazing Career Aspirations Essay Thatsnotus. Choosing A Career Essay Telegraph. College Essay: Essay on my career goals. Definition Essay: My future career essay nurse. Career goals Essay Essay on Career goals for Students and Children in .... How To Write A 500 Word Essay On Career Goals - Agnew Text. College Essay Career Goals 2. Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples. 005 Essay Example Sample On Nursing Career Goals Technicalcollege About .... Your ideal career essay writing Essays On Career Essays On Career. College Essay Career Goals - Educational and Career Goals Essay Examples
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FREE 9+ Descriptive Essay Examples in PDF | Examples. Free Essay - 26+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. 001 Sample Descriptive Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Descriptive essay writing examples for college students. How To Write Descriptive Essay Example – Telegraph. 30 Sample Of Descriptive Essay | Example Document Template. Pictures To Help With Descriptive Writing - How to Write a Descriptive .... Example Of A Good Descriptive Essay – Telegraph. Descriptive Essay Structure Pdf | Sitedoct.org. Descriptive Essay About A Place Using The Five Sens – More On Sensory .... College essay: Examples of descriptive essay. How to write a descriptive essay about my mother - How to write a .... Descriptive Essay Examples College. Descriptive Essay Examples - 27+ Samples in PDF | DOC | Examples.
Part 1 The following questions are worth 5 points each.1. The.docxkarlhennesey
Part 1: The following questions are worth 5 points each.
1. The song, Fly Me to the Moon, was an important popular artifact during the historic context of the moon missions. Who sang this song? And, name one way this became a symbol of the moon missions.
Frank Simatra, it was played on the Apollo to the moon in 1969.
2. What is the definition of American exceptionalism?
different and unique view of United States.
3. Identify one of the ways America’s “special role” as exceptional is articulated.
self-rule
4. Who are the three principle examples of the contemporary space program? How do we refer to them? Although their goals seem similar, they do differ? What are their principle goals?
5. In our readings about technology, we learned a number of approaches to thinking about technology. What is the term that captures the idea that technology is the sole cause of cultural change?
Technological determinism
6. What is the term used to capture the idea that technological progress is equated with social progress?
Technological positivism
7. Group one presented on a number of recurring core narratives found in all of their films. Name one:
Unity
8. What is adventure capitalism? And, how does it fit with neoliberalism?
Part II: The following questions are worth 10 points each.
1. In module 1 we discussed the four dimensions of globalization, one that we didn’t talk about in depth is the ecological dimension. Identity and provide two (2) examples of this dimensions from the “space race” module. Briefly elaborate.
2. Our readings indicate an interesting collaboration between Lyndon B. Johnson and John F. Kennedy. Briefly identify and describe their individual roles and how they complemented each other.
Part III: The following questions are worth 20 points each (2-4 paragraphs).
1. Using the American Studies Approach look closely at the following photo, which is circulated with great frequency. 1) Text—Closely describe the text; 2) Context—identify two contexts that help the viewer make greater meaning of the text; 3) Power—lastly discuss what the photo tells us about power; 4) Briefly discuss one (1) insight you have about the photo that you hadn’t previously considered.
2. Cultural artifacts are powerful producers of dominant ideologies in that they reflect and shape key ideas about core narratives that serve to create a sense of unity among an “imagined community” (Anderson). As cultural artifacts, the four films presented by group one, draw on the core narrative about American exceptionalism through the figure of the “hero”. In this short essay, I’d like you to examine (identify and describe) at least two of the regulatory ideals about Americanness (nationality). Here I’m looking for qualities/characteristics.
The Anatomy of an Essay
Process and Structure
The Writing Process
Writing is a series of individual steps that are impossible to skip
Whether you space the steps out and complete them individually or ...
How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay?. Compare and Contrast Essay: Definition, Outline and Useful Examples • 7ESL. Compare contrast essay outline example. You can compare and contrast .... compare and contrast essay | Nature | Free 30-day Trial | Scribd. COMPARE AND CONTRAST ESSAY. Compare and contrast essay papers - The Oscillation Band. how to write a compare and contrast essay for college | Compare and .... How To Write A Compare Contrast Essay Middle School | PDF. Essential Points of Compare and Contrast Essay. 014 Essay Example Compare Contrast Essays ~ Thatsnotus. Good Compare and Contrast Essay Examples | 5staressays. What Is a Compare and Contrast Essay? Simple Examples To Guide You .... Compare and Contrast Essay II | Secondary School | Lecture. Compare and contrast essay examples college vs high school - Compare .... Good topic sentence for compare and contrast essay. How to Write an A+ .... Compare contrast essay outline example. How to Write a Compare and .... Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. 022 Compare And Contrast Essay Outline Template Printables Corners .... Compare And Contrast Essay Outline Mla – How to Write an A+ Comparison ....
INTERCULTURAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS PROJECTWritten Report. The .docxnormanibarber20063
INTERCULTURAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS PROJECT
Written Report. The written report (7-8 pages and References) should consist of an introduction, in which the general context is explained and a rationale is provided for the importance of the topic, and the following sections: (a) description of the situation and the context in which it is embedded; (b) 4 page literature review; and (c) analysis of the situation and conclusion. Include a reference page prepared in either APA or MLA format, and attach an appendix with copies of materials (e.g., specific news articles) that help explain the context.
Paper Structure Guidelines
You may use headings (e.g., Introduction, Body, Conclusion) for the main parts of your paper. Also, use “I” in this paper where appropriate.
1. Introduction
a. Provide background information about the issue/case/incident/situation that led you to work on this research project
b. State your Research Question
c. State your position on the issue and preview what you will discuss in the paper
2. Body
a. Provide a summary of each of the articles/sources you located. Think carefully about how you order these summaries.
b. Discuss how these sources inform you about the situation/case/issue your investigated; how they help you in answering your research question.
3. Conclusion
a. State what you have learned about the situation/issue/case based on the research you did.
4. Do not forget to mention how this research relates to what you have been learning in CAS 471 this semester.
5. References
6. Appendix (only if applicable). If you investigated a specific incident/case/situation discussed in the media, include a link or attach a copy of the news article.
Grading Rubric:
Content (80 pts)
Introduction (14 pts)
Body: Review of research studies/articles/sources (36 pts)
Body: Summary and discussion of findings (20 points)
Conclusion (10 pts)
Organization & overall format (5 pts)
Grammar, punctuation, spelling (5 pts)
In-text documentation (5 pts)
Reference page (end-of-text list of references) (5 pts)
Running head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4
Annotated Bibliography
Gordon Lu (Guo)
ICC 471
Dixon, J., Durrheim, K., & Tredoux, C. (2005). Beyond the optimal contact strategy: a reality check for the contact hypothesis. American Psychologist, 60(7), 697.
Dovidio, J. F., Kawakami, K., & Gaertner, S. L. (2002). Implicit and explicit prejudice and interracial interaction. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(1), 62.
In this article, the authors discuss the contact theory that argues that contact between people between diverse groups normally assists in reducing the intergroup prejudice, but only in ideal conditions. The authors continue to criticize some research practices have been dominant in this field including the prioritization of the research of relations between rarefied circumstances. They also critic.
FINAL TERM PAPER FILM ANALYSISAfter submitting the TERM PAPER QChereCheek752
FINAL TERM PAPER: FILM ANALYSIS
After submitting the TERM PAPER QUESTIONS assignment for the film of their choice, due Wednesday, July 20, at 11:59 pm, students will then focus their final review on ONE (1) of the film options:
· When We Were Kings,
· Afro-Punk: A Documentary,
· Bakoso
· Links to each of these films along with relevant supplemental materials are available in the "Term Paper Questions" tab in the Assignments folder.
· The Term Paper Thought Questions are designed to stimulate critical engagement with one of the films as well as provide a foundation for the Final Term Paper.
· How would you describe the main characters?
· What are their goals?
· What problems do they face?
· What choices do the characters make?
· What motivates them?
· What are the consequences?
· What do the main characters learn about themselves, and how do they change? Here is a simple format that you can use as a template for writing a critical analysis of a film:
· The introduction
· In the introduction section, introduce the key players in the movies. These can include the producer; the director and the cinematographer among others depending on the angle that you intend to take in your analysis. You can also include the main idea or theme of the movie as well as the thesis statement of your analysis.
· Summary
· In the summary or film overview section, you outline the major theme or idea of the film. This involves what, who, where, when, how, and why. You can also discuss the style, structure, or viewpoint.
· Provide an explanation for your ideas by citing specific examples from the film. Additionally, identify the goal of the film and whether it accomplished it. Your analysis should focus on determining whether the film is understandable, focused, interesting, properly concluded, authentic, clear, and meeting its purpose, among others. Include several slides in the analysis section with each slide giving a specific idea and supporting it with evidence from the film.
· What causes the major turning points in the narrative?
· Does the world of the film work like the real world? If not, what are the differences?
· What does the film say about the nature of human beings?
· What does the film say about society?
· What good insights into life are there in the film? What does it get wrong? How might it affect viewers?
· Conclusion
· In the conclusion section, end your critical analysis by restating the thesis statement that you stated in the introduction. However, use new words. Also, summarize the main ideas that you discussed in the analysis section using stronger and new words. End the conclusion with an effective call to action. In other words, how can the message of your film create social change?
· How did the film make you feel?
· What aspects worked well, and which didn’t (think about writing, direction, cinematography, acting, editing, and soundtrack)?
· To what extent did it fit with your expectations, or did it subvert them in some ways?
· The ...
Conclusion Essay Example. 015 Essay Example Of Argumentative Conclusion Examp...Eva Bartlett
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College Essay Paper Format. Academic Essay Examples - 18 in PDF ExamplesMonique Carter
32 College Essay Format Templates & Examples - TemplateArchive. College Essay Examples - 9+ in PDF | Examples. college essay examples pdf. 004 Mla Format Heading For Essay Example Model Paper ~ Thatsnotus. 16+ Essay Templates - Free Word, PDF Documents Download. Sample College Paper Format - 30+ Essay Outline Templates - (Free .... College Essay Format: Simple Steps to Be Followed. How to Write a College Paper – Paperstime college paper Writing Service. College Essay Examples - 13+ in PDF | Examples. College Essay Introduction — The purpose of the admission essay.
Slums in India Essay(500 Words) | Long & Short Essays on Slums in India. ️ Slums in india essay. Sample Essay on Slums. 2019-02-14. Discussion Note_What is Slum | Slum | Poverty. Slums Of India. Slums English Pdf - yellowretirement. (PDF) Problems and Prospects of Slums in India. Cheap write my essay sustainable sanitation for urban slum population .... slum 2. Hear me out: Photo-Essay on Slum life in Mumbai. Essay on Slum Area Development. Essay on A Slum Area after the Rainy Season. SLUM ANALYSIS. (PDF) An Insight on Slums. An Essay about Urbanization and The Slum Problem - Essays Writing. (DOC) SLUM EDUCATION: PRESENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE NEED | Shalini Singh .... The Slums of Kolkata.
Choose a National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) report of a w.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) report of a
weather-related accident/incident
and, along with at least
five
other sources, investigate what happened in the accident/incident, offer the causes, and the recommendations for the future in order to prevent such an accident/incident.
The following components must be present within your report. Please be sure to follow the template provided.
1. Cover Page
2. Introduction
3. Synopsis of Incident
4. Causation
5. Decision Criteria
6. Analysis
7. Implications
8. Recommendations
9. Personal Narrative
10. Conclusion
11. References
.
Choose a global health issue. For this assignment, you will introduc.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a global health issue. For this assignment, you will introduce the health issue and discuss the interventions necessary to prevent the issue and promote health.
Some topics to consider may include:
Anthrax
Bioterrorism
Cholera
Clostridium
botulinum
infection
Community-associated methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
Ebola virus disease
Escherichia
coli
Human immunodeficiency virus disease
Malaria
Plague
Severe respiratory distress syndrome
Small pox
Suicide
Tuberculosis
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection
West Nile virus
Include the following in your paper:
Introduction/overview of the health issue and the prevalence in the United States and worldwide
Contributing factors
Prevention strategies
Signs and symptoms
Diagnostic tests (if applicable)
Advanced practice nursing role and management strategies
Medical/pharmacological management (if applicable)
Follow-up care
Conclusion
Write a 3–4 page paper following APA format. You must include 2–3 scholarly sources in your citations and references.
Review the rubric for further information on how your assignment will be graded.
Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time)
Points: 100
.
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FREE 9+ Descriptive Essay Examples in PDF | Examples. Free Essay - 26+ Examples, Format, Pdf | Examples. 001 Sample Descriptive Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Descriptive essay writing examples for college students. How To Write Descriptive Essay Example – Telegraph. 30 Sample Of Descriptive Essay | Example Document Template. Pictures To Help With Descriptive Writing - How to Write a Descriptive .... Example Of A Good Descriptive Essay – Telegraph. Descriptive Essay Structure Pdf | Sitedoct.org. Descriptive Essay About A Place Using The Five Sens – More On Sensory .... College essay: Examples of descriptive essay. How to write a descriptive essay about my mother - How to write a .... Descriptive Essay Examples College. Descriptive Essay Examples - 27+ Samples in PDF | DOC | Examples.
Part 1 The following questions are worth 5 points each.1. The.docxkarlhennesey
Part 1: The following questions are worth 5 points each.
1. The song, Fly Me to the Moon, was an important popular artifact during the historic context of the moon missions. Who sang this song? And, name one way this became a symbol of the moon missions.
Frank Simatra, it was played on the Apollo to the moon in 1969.
2. What is the definition of American exceptionalism?
different and unique view of United States.
3. Identify one of the ways America’s “special role” as exceptional is articulated.
self-rule
4. Who are the three principle examples of the contemporary space program? How do we refer to them? Although their goals seem similar, they do differ? What are their principle goals?
5. In our readings about technology, we learned a number of approaches to thinking about technology. What is the term that captures the idea that technology is the sole cause of cultural change?
Technological determinism
6. What is the term used to capture the idea that technological progress is equated with social progress?
Technological positivism
7. Group one presented on a number of recurring core narratives found in all of their films. Name one:
Unity
8. What is adventure capitalism? And, how does it fit with neoliberalism?
Part II: The following questions are worth 10 points each.
1. In module 1 we discussed the four dimensions of globalization, one that we didn’t talk about in depth is the ecological dimension. Identity and provide two (2) examples of this dimensions from the “space race” module. Briefly elaborate.
2. Our readings indicate an interesting collaboration between Lyndon B. Johnson and John F. Kennedy. Briefly identify and describe their individual roles and how they complemented each other.
Part III: The following questions are worth 20 points each (2-4 paragraphs).
1. Using the American Studies Approach look closely at the following photo, which is circulated with great frequency. 1) Text—Closely describe the text; 2) Context—identify two contexts that help the viewer make greater meaning of the text; 3) Power—lastly discuss what the photo tells us about power; 4) Briefly discuss one (1) insight you have about the photo that you hadn’t previously considered.
2. Cultural artifacts are powerful producers of dominant ideologies in that they reflect and shape key ideas about core narratives that serve to create a sense of unity among an “imagined community” (Anderson). As cultural artifacts, the four films presented by group one, draw on the core narrative about American exceptionalism through the figure of the “hero”. In this short essay, I’d like you to examine (identify and describe) at least two of the regulatory ideals about Americanness (nationality). Here I’m looking for qualities/characteristics.
The Anatomy of an Essay
Process and Structure
The Writing Process
Writing is a series of individual steps that are impossible to skip
Whether you space the steps out and complete them individually or ...
How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay?. Compare and Contrast Essay: Definition, Outline and Useful Examples • 7ESL. Compare contrast essay outline example. You can compare and contrast .... compare and contrast essay | Nature | Free 30-day Trial | Scribd. COMPARE AND CONTRAST ESSAY. Compare and contrast essay papers - The Oscillation Band. how to write a compare and contrast essay for college | Compare and .... How To Write A Compare Contrast Essay Middle School | PDF. Essential Points of Compare and Contrast Essay. 014 Essay Example Compare Contrast Essays ~ Thatsnotus. Good Compare and Contrast Essay Examples | 5staressays. What Is a Compare and Contrast Essay? Simple Examples To Guide You .... Compare and Contrast Essay II | Secondary School | Lecture. Compare and contrast essay examples college vs high school - Compare .... Good topic sentence for compare and contrast essay. How to Write an A+ .... Compare contrast essay outline example. How to Write a Compare and .... Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. 022 Compare And Contrast Essay Outline Template Printables Corners .... Compare And Contrast Essay Outline Mla – How to Write an A+ Comparison ....
INTERCULTURAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS PROJECTWritten Report. The .docxnormanibarber20063
INTERCULTURAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS PROJECT
Written Report. The written report (7-8 pages and References) should consist of an introduction, in which the general context is explained and a rationale is provided for the importance of the topic, and the following sections: (a) description of the situation and the context in which it is embedded; (b) 4 page literature review; and (c) analysis of the situation and conclusion. Include a reference page prepared in either APA or MLA format, and attach an appendix with copies of materials (e.g., specific news articles) that help explain the context.
Paper Structure Guidelines
You may use headings (e.g., Introduction, Body, Conclusion) for the main parts of your paper. Also, use “I” in this paper where appropriate.
1. Introduction
a. Provide background information about the issue/case/incident/situation that led you to work on this research project
b. State your Research Question
c. State your position on the issue and preview what you will discuss in the paper
2. Body
a. Provide a summary of each of the articles/sources you located. Think carefully about how you order these summaries.
b. Discuss how these sources inform you about the situation/case/issue your investigated; how they help you in answering your research question.
3. Conclusion
a. State what you have learned about the situation/issue/case based on the research you did.
4. Do not forget to mention how this research relates to what you have been learning in CAS 471 this semester.
5. References
6. Appendix (only if applicable). If you investigated a specific incident/case/situation discussed in the media, include a link or attach a copy of the news article.
Grading Rubric:
Content (80 pts)
Introduction (14 pts)
Body: Review of research studies/articles/sources (36 pts)
Body: Summary and discussion of findings (20 points)
Conclusion (10 pts)
Organization & overall format (5 pts)
Grammar, punctuation, spelling (5 pts)
In-text documentation (5 pts)
Reference page (end-of-text list of references) (5 pts)
Running head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4
Annotated Bibliography
Gordon Lu (Guo)
ICC 471
Dixon, J., Durrheim, K., & Tredoux, C. (2005). Beyond the optimal contact strategy: a reality check for the contact hypothesis. American Psychologist, 60(7), 697.
Dovidio, J. F., Kawakami, K., & Gaertner, S. L. (2002). Implicit and explicit prejudice and interracial interaction. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(1), 62.
In this article, the authors discuss the contact theory that argues that contact between people between diverse groups normally assists in reducing the intergroup prejudice, but only in ideal conditions. The authors continue to criticize some research practices have been dominant in this field including the prioritization of the research of relations between rarefied circumstances. They also critic.
FINAL TERM PAPER FILM ANALYSISAfter submitting the TERM PAPER QChereCheek752
FINAL TERM PAPER: FILM ANALYSIS
After submitting the TERM PAPER QUESTIONS assignment for the film of their choice, due Wednesday, July 20, at 11:59 pm, students will then focus their final review on ONE (1) of the film options:
· When We Were Kings,
· Afro-Punk: A Documentary,
· Bakoso
· Links to each of these films along with relevant supplemental materials are available in the "Term Paper Questions" tab in the Assignments folder.
· The Term Paper Thought Questions are designed to stimulate critical engagement with one of the films as well as provide a foundation for the Final Term Paper.
· How would you describe the main characters?
· What are their goals?
· What problems do they face?
· What choices do the characters make?
· What motivates them?
· What are the consequences?
· What do the main characters learn about themselves, and how do they change? Here is a simple format that you can use as a template for writing a critical analysis of a film:
· The introduction
· In the introduction section, introduce the key players in the movies. These can include the producer; the director and the cinematographer among others depending on the angle that you intend to take in your analysis. You can also include the main idea or theme of the movie as well as the thesis statement of your analysis.
· Summary
· In the summary or film overview section, you outline the major theme or idea of the film. This involves what, who, where, when, how, and why. You can also discuss the style, structure, or viewpoint.
· Provide an explanation for your ideas by citing specific examples from the film. Additionally, identify the goal of the film and whether it accomplished it. Your analysis should focus on determining whether the film is understandable, focused, interesting, properly concluded, authentic, clear, and meeting its purpose, among others. Include several slides in the analysis section with each slide giving a specific idea and supporting it with evidence from the film.
· What causes the major turning points in the narrative?
· Does the world of the film work like the real world? If not, what are the differences?
· What does the film say about the nature of human beings?
· What does the film say about society?
· What good insights into life are there in the film? What does it get wrong? How might it affect viewers?
· Conclusion
· In the conclusion section, end your critical analysis by restating the thesis statement that you stated in the introduction. However, use new words. Also, summarize the main ideas that you discussed in the analysis section using stronger and new words. End the conclusion with an effective call to action. In other words, how can the message of your film create social change?
· How did the film make you feel?
· What aspects worked well, and which didn’t (think about writing, direction, cinematography, acting, editing, and soundtrack)?
· To what extent did it fit with your expectations, or did it subvert them in some ways?
· The ...
Conclusion Essay Example. 015 Essay Example Of Argumentative Conclusion Examp...Eva Bartlett
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Slums in India Essay(500 Words) | Long & Short Essays on Slums in India. ️ Slums in india essay. Sample Essay on Slums. 2019-02-14. Discussion Note_What is Slum | Slum | Poverty. Slums Of India. Slums English Pdf - yellowretirement. (PDF) Problems and Prospects of Slums in India. Cheap write my essay sustainable sanitation for urban slum population .... slum 2. Hear me out: Photo-Essay on Slum life in Mumbai. Essay on Slum Area Development. Essay on A Slum Area after the Rainy Season. SLUM ANALYSIS. (PDF) An Insight on Slums. An Essay about Urbanization and The Slum Problem - Essays Writing. (DOC) SLUM EDUCATION: PRESENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE NEED | Shalini Singh .... The Slums of Kolkata.
Similar to Chen 5Proofread the essay to make sure there are no grammatica.docx (20)
Choose a National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) report of a w.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) report of a
weather-related accident/incident
and, along with at least
five
other sources, investigate what happened in the accident/incident, offer the causes, and the recommendations for the future in order to prevent such an accident/incident.
The following components must be present within your report. Please be sure to follow the template provided.
1. Cover Page
2. Introduction
3. Synopsis of Incident
4. Causation
5. Decision Criteria
6. Analysis
7. Implications
8. Recommendations
9. Personal Narrative
10. Conclusion
11. References
.
Choose a global health issue. For this assignment, you will introduc.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a global health issue. For this assignment, you will introduce the health issue and discuss the interventions necessary to prevent the issue and promote health.
Some topics to consider may include:
Anthrax
Bioterrorism
Cholera
Clostridium
botulinum
infection
Community-associated methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus
Ebola virus disease
Escherichia
coli
Human immunodeficiency virus disease
Malaria
Plague
Severe respiratory distress syndrome
Small pox
Suicide
Tuberculosis
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection
West Nile virus
Include the following in your paper:
Introduction/overview of the health issue and the prevalence in the United States and worldwide
Contributing factors
Prevention strategies
Signs and symptoms
Diagnostic tests (if applicable)
Advanced practice nursing role and management strategies
Medical/pharmacological management (if applicable)
Follow-up care
Conclusion
Write a 3–4 page paper following APA format. You must include 2–3 scholarly sources in your citations and references.
Review the rubric for further information on how your assignment will be graded.
Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time)
Points: 100
.
Choose a geographic community of interest (Hyde park, Illinois) and .docxspoonerneddy
Choose a geographic community of interest (Hyde park, Illinois) and go to the corresponding website. Gather information on the population (race, sex, age, educational level, employment), health resources, major grocery stores and transportation. Students must make an initial post describing the official name and geographic boundaries, along with some of the findings (at least 5 facts) from the website, like overall appearance, upkeep, trash/cleanliness, type of housing (apartments vs. homes) in the area.
.
Choose a disease condition of the gastrointestinal tract, describe.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a disease condition of the gastrointestinal tract, described in your own words. Please use at least two sentences. Include a digestive system medical term with a combining form, suffix and prefix that relates to your disease condition. Define the term both literally and officially using the glossary to define the word parts and the mobile medical dictionary to define the term. Remember to use dash and slash!
.
Choose a few health issues in your community that can be used to pla.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a few health issues in your community that can be used to plan community health interventions. Briefly identify urgent health issues and non-urgent health issues. What makes health issues urgent and a priority? Which needs are not a priority and why? Who determines this or should determine this (identify internal and external stakeholders)? How would you document and present this to your community?
.
Choose a current member of Congress and research their background. P.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a current member of Congress and research their background. Prepare a 1-page analysis of their background including their views, policy choices and opinions on current issues.
Post your paper to the Discussion Area with a short introduction. Spend time reviewing other students’ papers. Comment on at least 2 students’ papers. What impact does the congressional member’s background (social, economic, educational, ethnic, gender, ideological, etc.) have on your opinion of them? Be specific. Provide concrete examples.
.
Choose a couple of ways how your life would be different without the.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a couple of ways how your life would be different without the Internet. How would the business world be different? Think of the job you have now, a job you’ve had previously, or the job you’d really like to have and discuss what you think the impact would be based on your understanding of equipment used to support Internet access such as switches and routers.
.
Choose a countrydifferent fromyournative country,and.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a country
different from
your
native country,
and
write about
three interesting
or
exotic
(touristy or not)
places
that you want to visit in that country.
As follows:
1.
Write
what features
make those places
interesting or exotic
TO YOU, NOT THE REST OF THE WORLD
Give enough details of the features of the places so you can make
readers picture those interesting or exotic places in their mind.
.
Choose 5 questions and answer them with my materials onlyD.docxspoonerneddy
Choose 5 questions and answer them with my materials only
Dispossession
1- What is meant by “dispossession”?
2- What does and does not change in this process?
Forced Movements
1- Name three ways Native Americans were moved from their homeplace?
Reservations
1- What was meant by, “kill the Indian, save the man”?
2- How was religion involved in reservations?
3- After being removed from their “spiritual homeplace”, how might this affect American Indian religion?
Christianity
1- Name one way Native Americans were “converted” to Christianity, and why they chose to do so?
2- To some American Indians, what was missing in the Christian perspective or practices?
Two Faces of History
1- Name opposing views of the world between Native Americans and Europeans? Is this evident today?
Leading Figures
1- Describe a “leading figure” according to a Native American perspective. Give three examples.
2- Who are the notable leaders we learn about in school? Why them? What do they often have in common?
.
Choose a communication situation you recently experienced at you.docxspoonerneddy
Choose a communication situation you recently experienced at your workplace or other organization you are affiliated with. Use the human communication process described in your text, starting on page 11, "Human Communication: Message and Constitutive Processes," to analyze why—or why not—a shared reality was experienced as an end result. Summarize your experience and include your analysis as an attachment in this assignment thread. Consider the following items in your analysis:
Identify the source and the receiver.
What was the message and what type of message function was it serving?
How was it encoded?
How was it decoded?
What channel was used to transmit the message?
What type of noise was experienced?
Comment on the competencies, fields of experience, and culture of the participants involved.
Identify the communication context of this situation.
What was the intended effect versus the actual effect of the message?
Was a shared reality constructed? If not, what needed to change?
.
Choose 5 interconnected leadership task (listed below). Tell why each task is important to understand as a leader that is involved with the strategic planning process.
Explain what each process means and what is involved with the five that you picked.
Interconnected Leadership task:
1)Understanding the context
2)Understanding the people involved, including oneself
3)Sponsoring Process
4)Championing the process
5)Facilitating the process
6)Fostering collective leadership
7)Using dialogue and discussion
8)Making and implementing policy decisions
9)Enforcing norms, settling disputes, and managing residual conflict
10) Pulling it all together
Outline:
Cover Page
Abstract
Introduction: (Overview what you will discuss)
Body (2 FULL Pages of Content)
Reference Page (2-3 references)
.
Choose 5 out of the first 10 questions, 5 pages essay1. Where do.docxspoonerneddy
Choose 5 out of the first 10 questions, 5 pages essay
1. Where do American Indians believe they come from?
2. As a student, how would you approach going to a ceremony?
3. How would “I” (meaning Mr. Madril), define/describe an American Indian “church”?
4. Why is the idea of the ‘circle’ valued by some American Indian people?
5. Define ‘ontology’
6. How do some American Indian people view eagles/eagle feathers?
7. How has Christianity and American Indian people interacted?
8. Name or describe some ‘sacred places’/sacred spaces
9. Name some ‘ceremonies’
10. What is a ‘holy person’?
.
Choose 3 or 4 poems from Elizabeth Bishop. You may choose any poems .docxspoonerneddy
Choose 3 or 4 poems from Elizabeth Bishop. You may choose any poems that you want, whether in our eText or from another source, but be sure to use proper citations for each of them. Discuss how the poet’s life has influenced her or his poetry. You may find context from the poet’s childhood, personal experiences, etc. and link them to poems of your choice.
Be careful not to give me five pages of biography!
When referencing poems, you may quote specific lines but
do not
type the entire poem into your essay.
MLA Format
5-6 pages, double spaced, not including Works Cited page
Works Cited page
Proper in-text citations
.
Choose 1 topic to write an essay. Dont restate all the time. Write .docxspoonerneddy
Choose 1 topic to write an essay. Don't restate all the time. Write your own thoughts. 800 words.
1. Jesus was both a person of his times and a figure whose teachings have obviously transcended his specific context. How did Jesus’s life and teachings better fit the first century? How do Jesus’s life and teachings seem to apply today? Which do you think better characterizes Jesus’s actual life and teachings? Is it more convincing to you that the first century Jesus resists our expectations, or that he anticipates them?
2. Jesus and the early Christians were a part of the larger Jewish context. At the same time, they also brought a number of innovations and new combinations. Compare Jesus’s life and message to that of the Pharisees, Essenes, followers of John the Baptist, Sadducees, priests, and/or the temple. How did Jesus and the early Christians fit with these other Jewish groups? How did they challenge them? Is it more convincing to you that Jesus and the early Christians were part of first century Judaism, or that they pushed to create a new religion?
3. Jesus avoided political attention for most of his life and work. Whatever he taught, he taught it skillfully and carefully enough that political figures allowed him to continue when many others were crucified. And yet, at the end, he too was crucified, but alone. Describe both the ways in which the historical Jesus avoided political confrontation and the ways in which he touched on politically sensitive ideas. Which gives us a better portrait of Jesus—the one who was politically cautious, or the rebel?
.
Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, educatio.docxspoonerneddy
Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, research and administration and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management
Using the American nurses association position statement, recommendations for improvement in end of life management focuses on practice, education, research and administration. Listed below are steps that nurses can take to overcome barriers in healthcare practice.
Practice
1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families.
2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others.
3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death.
4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified.
Education
1. Those who practice in secondary or tertiary palliative care will have specialist education and certification.
2. Institutions and schools of nursing will integrate precepts of primary palliative care into curricula.
3. Basic and specialist End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) resources will be available.
4. Advocate for additional education in academic programs and work settings related to palliative care, including symptom management, supported decision-making, and end-of-life care, focusing on patients and families.
Research
1. Increase the integration of evidence-based care across the dimensions of end-of-life care.
2. Develop best practices for quality care across the dimensions of end-of-life care, including the physical, psychological, spiritual, and interpersonal.
3. Support the use of evidence-based and ethical care, and support decision-making for care at the end of life.
4. Develop best practices to measure the quality and effectiveness of the counseling and interdisciplinary care patients and families receive regarding end-of-life decision-making and treatments.
5. Support research that examines the relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices.
Administration
1. Promote work environments in which the standards for excellent care extend through the patient’s death and into post-death care for families.
2. Encourage facilities and institutions to support the clinical competence and professional development that will help nurses provide excellent, dignified, and compassionate end-of-life care.
3. Work toward a standard of palliative care available to patients and families from the time of diagnosis of a serious illness or an injury.
4. Suppo.
Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, r.docxspoonerneddy
Choose 1 focal point from each subcategory of practice, education, research and administration and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management.
Using the American nurses association position statement, recommendations for improvement in end of life management focuses on practice, education, research and administration. Listed below are steps that nurses can take to overcome barriers in healthcare practice.
Practice
1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families.
2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others.
3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death.
4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified.
Education
1. Those who practice in secondary or tertiary palliative care will have specialist education and certification.
2. Institutions and schools of nursing will integrate precepts of primary palliative care into curricula.
3. Basic and specialist End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC) resources will be available.
4. Advocate for additional education in academic programs and work settings related to palliative care, including symptom management, supported decision-making, and end-of-life care, focusing on patients and families.
Research
1. Increase the integration of evidence-based care across the dimensions of end-of-life care.
2. Develop best practices for quality care across the dimensions of end-of-life care, including the physical, psychological, spiritual, and interpersonal.
3. Support the use of evidence-based and ethical care, and support decision-making for care at the end of life.
4. Develop best practices to measure the quality and effectiveness of the counseling and interdisciplinary care patients and families receive regarding end-of-life decision-making and treatments.
5. Support research that examines the relationship of patient and family satisfaction and their utilization of health care resources in end-of-life care choices.
Administration
1. Promote work environments in which the standards for excellent care extend through the patient’s death and into post-death care for families.
2. Encourage facilities and institutions to support the clinical competence and professional development that will help nurses provide excellent, dignified, and compassionate end-of-life care.
3. Work toward a standard of palliative care available to patients and families from the time of diagnosis of a serious illness or an injury.
4. Sup.
Chinese HistoryBased on the lecture on Chinese History and Marxi.docxspoonerneddy
Chinese History
Based on the lecture on Chinese History and Marxist Historiography that we can observe that women’s values for love and marriage have changed dramatically. China entered different periods from the feudal system to the opening of China. In the feudal period, people attached importance to family ethics took the land as the main interest and lived a life according to family rules. However, after China entered the capitalist era, capitalism encouraged people to pursue money and material life.
Marriage and love are very important to a woman. However, at different times, a woman has a completely different way of life. For example, Yulian lived in a feudal period dominated by family so she put her husband's family first. In my opinion, Yulian sacrificed her love and happiness for putting family first, which is a great thing but not worth it. However, Jia Jia from the beginning of the gold digger because of a series of events and become a brave pursuit of their own love and life woman is very worthy of praise.
With the passage of time, people's concept has changed gradually, from the old conservative value of family to the priority of their own ideas, from the pursuit of land as the interest standard to the pursuit of money and material life as the most important goal, which is an important symbol of the changing times.
Jia Jia and Julian have something in common. They all focus on who can give them a stable and good life. However, the difference is that Yulian follows the traditional idea of giving priority to her family but Jia Jia is based on their own ideas to live out their own life.
Marxist Historiography
1. Marxist Historiography has five different stages. The first stage is Primitive Communism, People at this stage use hunting as raw meat, which is the most important asset. The second stage is Oriental Slavery, the agricultural development began, and people willing to fight elsewhere and take slaves to cultivate for themselves. The most valuable is the slave. The third stage is Feudalism, serfs or peasants serve for their king and pay the rent or tax. Capitalism is the four-stage, the most important asset is money. The five-stage is Communism, for this stage that no more private ownership and it will be a world of peace and no war.
2. Base on Marxist Historiography lecture, the era of Yulian's life is very important to the family. She listens to her family's arrangements to get married and takes care of her husband's family after marriage. So I think Yulian is in the third stage of the Marxism Feudalism stage because people at this stage serve the king, they obedient and obey the rules. Yulian's life all follow her husband’s family and obey her family. Jia Jia emphasized that she has money from the beginning of the film. Anything she wants that she just use money to get it. All Jia Jia thinks that she can buy it with money. Therefore, Jia Jia is the fourth stage Capitalism stage in Marxism.
3. On the stage of Yulian so be .
Children need an Aesthetics Experience from the teacher and in the c.docxspoonerneddy
Children need an Aesthetics Experience from the teacher and in the classroom. The above document is a brief summary of Aesthetic and some key terms.
Do the following:
1. Read the document completely
2. Study the Key Terms
3. Use the key terms and determine which words can be used in a Early Childhood Classroom and which words can be used with an An Art Conversation with a child. Give a brief explanation of your reasoning
.
China’s economy
中国经济
http://worldmap.harvard.edu/chinamap/
How has China’s economy changed 1949-present?
What is the structure of PR China’s economy?
What are some major agricultural issues in China?
What are some industrial issues in China?
What is the Belt and Road Initiative?
What are the economic forces at work in China?
How has the economic reform policy progressed in China?
How has China’s economy changed 1949-present?
Economy Timeline
Mao 1950s Land reform, Collectivization, Great Leap Forward, 1960s Cultural Revolution
1976 Four Modernizations
Deng Reforms
1980s Agricultural Responsibility System
Socialist Economy with Chinese Characteristics
Exports
1992 Deng’s Southern tour
Regional Development, Coast, Interior
2000 Develop the West
2010 Moderate Prosperity, Technology, Green
2013 Third Plenum - China Dream
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25033622
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-31744373
Videos
China in the Red
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/red/
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xen5f7_pbs-china-in-the-red-9-11_news
What are the lives of people like?
Form of Economy
Mixed Economy
Market-Leninism
Transition: Elements of Socialism, Market & Capitalism
What is the structure of PR China’s economy?
Ownership types: State, Collective, Private and individual, Foreign
Economic Indicators
GDP Trillion $25.36
GDP per capita $18, 200
GDP growth 6.9% GDP Composition
Agriculture 8%, Industry 40% Service 52%
Labor Composition
Agriculture 28%, Industry 29% Service 43%
Poverty 3.3%, <RMB2300 ( US$400)
Trade
Exports (number 1):
US 19, Hong Kong 12, Japan 6, South Korea 5
Electrical, computers, apparel, furniture, textiles
Imports ( number 2):
South Korea 10, Japan 9, US 9, Germany 5, Australia 5
Electrical, oil, medical, ore, vehicle, soybean
Structure of China’s Transitional Economy 1
Structure of China’s Transitional Economy
Industrial structure (compare to Japan and S. Korea)
Enterprise groups – SOE State Operated Enterprise
state support/control, losing money, 25% industry
Collective enterprises – independent of state
manager bought company from state
40% industry
TVE Enterprises – Township and Village Enterprises (former collective)
Owned operated by rural - Dynamic element of economy
Structure of China’s Transitional Economy 2
Private Entrepreneurs - small business, 20% industry
services/manufactures Difficult taxes, legality, politics
Foreign Ventures – partnerships, 10% industry
– commerce, industry
Agriculture - backbone of economy 8% econ
employment / food supply
Responsibility system, state out of agriculture
have right to work land
Food price control and some subsidies still exist
Economic Dualism
Industrial v. non-industrial : worker - peasant
Coastal & open cities v. hinterland “backward”
City v. country
urban v. rural
China Inc?
Simplified form
CCP
Business Bureaucracy
(SOE, Coll., TVE) (State Council)
Rural .
Childrens Health Insurance Program CHIP. Respond to the 5 questions.docxspoonerneddy
Children's Health Insurance Program CHIP. Respond to the 5 questions in 200 words per question using at least 4 source.
1. What is the CHIP program? When and how was it established? how does it benefit children’s health and wellbeing and that of the overall population?
2. How could the CHIP program continue to be successfully funded?
3. Who do you feel should be covered in the program?
4. How should the qualifications be set for being accepted?
5. Revise one evidence-based article regarding this program and the impact it has.
.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Chen 5Proofread the essay to make sure there are no grammatica.docx
1. Chen 5
Proofread the essay to make sure there are no grammatical and
typing errors, the language is formal academic, and formatting
is correct
Name: Qian Chen
Course: ENGL 1301
Instructor: Prof. Maur
Date: 2020/5/29
Tuskegee Airmen Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Create
your own title for this essay
Add the image here
Introduction
In Gordon Parks’ Photography titled “Tuskegee Men,” five men
are pictured gambling in a room that appeared to be an air force
base. All the four have pilot’s gear and they are black men,
which very unprecedented to be as the image was taken in the
year 1943. Eventually this was the first ever group of black
men, who successfully completed a pilot’s training and become
fully fledged pilots of the Air force. That is why the Tuskegee
Men is very relevant and why it has found its way in the Gordon
Park archives, because it is historical especially for the black
community. The image is a clear representation of victory to the
black community, this is an image that can be used to encourage
other member of the black community that anything is possible
as long one is able to put their mind to it. Thesis: In the thesis
using the visual elements analyzed in this essay, show what the
photographer is trying to achieve or portray Comment by
Kaur, Manavpreet: This seems to be copied from the website.
Proved citation
Mainly because achieving what the Tuskegee men achieved in
1943 was an impossibility and this actually set precedent for the
black community in the air force, it opened the doors for the
2. other young people who had the same ambitions and dreams
(Moye, 2010). Although the image is monochromatic it creates
the feeling of fulfillment and hope to someone viewing the
image and understanding the history of the characters in the
image. This makes visual representation an important aspect
especially in the civil rights movement, Gordon Park understood
the power of Visual Representation and that is why there are
various images with the same message. In a community that has
experienced disparities for the longest period, making it in any
field just like in the Air Force is a great achievement in regards
to all the barriers that the black community faces in the country.
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Not sure where the point
from the source starts. This incorporation of source is incorrect
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: What is the purpose of
this paragraph?
Thesis: The Gordon Park Archive is filled with Photography and
similar materials of the black community. In a community that
has faced oppression and disparity up to the moment, visual
representation of black excellence and success is something that
is integral to the spirit and hope of the black community.
Establishing the fact that the visual documentation of the black
excellence is an integral part and one of the elements that build
up the hope and spirit of the black community. It is also
important to understand that how the Photographs in this case
are taken is important to come up with intended message.
Gordon Parks is no doubt one of the bets photographers ever
and he used this talent in the civil rights movement. Looking at
the archives one would want to know why the photographs are
so influential, it is because of the visual element of each
individual photo. Because Visual elements work together to
create story and meaning. This will be the focus of this paper in
establishing the elements of this photograph that stands out to
communicate the message of black excellence and at the same
time raising the spirits and hopes of the black community.
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Again, the purpose of this
paragraph is unclear
3. Topic sentence should introduce the element analyzed in this
paragraph There are various elements that make this photograph
excellent looking at the framing, the photograph is a portrait
and it has been able to capture five black men in the pilot’s
attire. The men are strategically placed at the middle of the
photograph so that one can explicably focus on them, looking at
the facial expression and see the fulfillment in the faces of
these young black men. Combining the framing and the color of
the Photograph it now clearly communicates the intended
message. The photograph is monochromatic, meaning it is black
and white, anyone viewing the photograph even without being
told will immediately understand the Photograph is of a long
time ago, in the era whereby maybe black men were not pilots
of the Air Force and they are in the Army base Gambling. Even
without having the date this will communicate that these men
are successful in their field. Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet:
First analyze framing in detail and then analyze color
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: You did not analyze light
here. This is very general analysis
Topic sentence should introduce the element analyzed in this
paragraph The lighting is excellent, it not only shows clearly
the faces of the men, but it also show the black board at the
background wall, and one can see clearly the men have been
busy in the Air Force. The black board shows the mission,
remarks and pilot rows of the table filled. This again
emphasizes on the aspect that these men are not only dressed in
pilot attire but they are men who actually are working as pilots.
Combining lighting with the content is important as it tells the
whole story clearly. All in all the pictures tells a story of
milestone that is achieved by black men, that directly reflects
the resiliency and determination of the black community. It
undeniable that a young man or woman viewing this photograph
would want to be like the Tuskegee men in future.
In conclusion, photographs are important and interestingly
communication tools, that is in addition to any other media of
visual documentation. This is because people tend to learn,
5. qhr.sagepub.com
CBPR: Article
During the past 35 years, advances in screening and treat-
ment technologies have inspired optimism about the pre-
vention and treatability of cancer and, in many parts of
the United States, cancer mortality has decreased.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prime example. CRC
screening allows for the identification and removal of
precancerous polyps, contributing to declines in inci-
dence (Edwards et al., 2014). Screening and subsequent
early detection also increase survivability of CRC; the
5-year survival rate for CRC is estimated at 90% when
detected at an early stage (American Cancer Society,
2014). Such encouraging preventive and treatment out-
comes have caused practitioners and researchers to give
considerable weight to screening as a way to reduce
CRC-related sickness and death.
Beneath the “success story” of CRC screening is a less
encouraging account. Since the advent of preventive CRC
screening, disparities in CRC mortality have widened
along lines of race, ethnicity, insurance, income, and for-
mal education (Albano et al., 2007). These disparities are
due to a range of factors, but are partially attributed to dif-
ferences in screening rates, which have resulted in the later
detection of CRC. For example, in the United States, 67%
of insured adults have been screened for CRC compared
with 35% of uninsured adults and, in general, Whites have
higher screening rates than other racial or ethnic groups
(Steel, Rim, Joseph, Kind, & Seeff, 2013). The low rate of
screening among particular groups raises questions about
the barriers to screening uptake and completion. Research
focused on understanding CRC screening disparities has
6. offered a range of reasons why people may not be screened,
including the expense of screening, inadequate insurance
coverage and reimbursement, substandard care, lack of
recommendation by a provider, insufficient knowledge,
medical mistrust, fear, embarrassment, and “fatalistic” atti-
tudes (Bass et al., 2011; F. Harper et al., 2013; James,
Daley, & Greiner, 2011; Jones, Devers, Kuzel, & Woolf,
2010; McQueen, Tiro, & Vernon, 2008; Wardle, McCaffery,
Nadel, & Atkin, 2004). Although this research has
advanced understandings of CRC disparities, there remain
significant gaps that need to be addressed to more fully
comprehend and appropriately address CRC disparities.
First, the attention to discrete barriers, and particularly to
593549QHRXXX10.1177/1049732315593549Qualitative Health
ResearchHunleth et al.
research-article2015
1Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis,
Missouri, USA
2Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA
Corresponding Author:
Jean M. Hunleth, Washington University School of Medicine,
660 S.
Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8100, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Beyond Adherence: Health Care
Disparities and the Struggle to Get
Screened for Colon Cancer
Jean M. Hunleth1, Emily K. Steinmetz2, Amy McQueen1, and
Aimee S. James1
Abstract
Dominant health care professional discourses on cancer take for
7. granted high levels of individual responsibility in
cancer prevention, especially in expectations about preventive
screening. At the same time, adhering to screening
guidelines can be difficult for lower income and under-insured
individuals. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prime example.
Since the advent of CRC screening, disparities in CRC mortality
have widened along lines of income, insurance, and
race in the United States. We used a community-engaged
research method, Photovoice, to examine how people from
medically under-served areas experienced and gave meaning to
CRC screening. In our analysis, we first discuss ways
in which participants recounted screening as a struggle. Second,
we highlight a category that participants suggested was
key to successful screening: social connections. Finally, we
identify screening as an emotionally laden process that is
underpinned by feelings of uncertainty, guilt, fear, and relief.
We discuss the importance of these findings to research
and practice.
Keywords
adherence, compliance; cancer, screening, and prevention;
health care disparities; aging, older people; health, lived
experience; prevention, illness, and disease;
photography/photovoice; America, North
mailto:[email protected]
http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1177%2F10497323
15593549&domain=pdf&date_stamp=2015-07-09
18 Qualitative Health Research 26(1)
defining and quantitating cognitions and emotions, often
decontextualizes cancer screening decisions, which always
occur against the backdrop of political, economic, cultural,
and familial processes as well as individual life experi-
8. ences (Drew & Schoenberg, 2011). Second, focusing only
on the people who do not get screened leaves unexamined
the “success” cases, the persons who, according to medical
guidelines, are up-to-date on screening. We suggest that
attending to the in-depth experience of screening offers
needed insight into CRC screening disparities, and pro-
vides attention to the ways in which people accomplish
screening, achieve health care, and adhere to medical
advice under significant resource constraint.
Our research focuses on one over-arching question:
How do people from medically under-served areas experi-
ence and give meaning to the process of CRC screening?
This question is underpinned by two separate but comple-
mentary theoretical and methodological approaches, which
we use to conceptualize the relationship between macro-
level policy shifts and on-the-ground experience and mean-
ing making. First, in conceptualizing the broader context of
cancer screening, we find helpful the work of social scien-
tists who use a political economy framework to examine
the effects on health and health care under neoliberalism.
Neoliberalism, for the purposes of this article, refers to a
mode of governance based on increased privatization, scal-
ing back of public programs and aid to the poor, and the
shifting of economic and social responsibilities away from
the state and onto individuals and families (see Harvey,
2005). It has been the dominant mode of governance shap-
ing political, legal, social, and economic institutions in the
United States since the early 1980s. The neoliberal shift
became normalized in the United States in the mid-1990s at
the same time as the welfare reform act, the Personal
Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act,
was passed (Ong, 2006).
A hallmark of the neoliberal context is that much of
the labor for health has shifted away from health care pro-
9. viders and institutions and onto the individual, who is
expected to purchase health insurance, engage in healthy
lifestyle changes, and seek out care (Horton, Abadia,
Mulligan, & Thompson, 2014). Furthermore, health ser-
vices have moved toward a more commodified and con-
sumer-driven model. This is, in part, also a response to
critiques of the health care system as paternalistic. The
shift away from top-down medical decision making to a
model that is more inclusive of patient choice has been
seen as a positive change because it gives patients more
control over their health care. We do not advocate a return
to a paternalistic model of health care, but we do wish to
recognize that, with the scaling back of institutional sup-
ports to the poor, the resources that people need to make
informed choices are often lacking or difficult to access.
In effect, the neoliberal context makes it challenging for
some individuals to make health care decisions, and this
aspect of health care further accentuates and reproduces
disparities.
Inspired by Foucault’s work on neoliberal governmen-
tality, scholars have used the term “responsibilization” to
describe neoliberal governance models in which individ-
uals are expected to be self-reliant, self-regulating, and
forward-oriented (Clarke, 2005; Lemke, 2001; Merry,
2009; Rose, 1999). Current discourses and practices per-
taining to cancer prevention and control are connected to
wider trends in responsibilization. Dominant health care
professional discourses on cancer take for granted high
levels of individual responsibility and self-regulation in
cancer prevention, through expectations about food
choice, exercise, and smoking, and also screenings and
symptom monitoring. As other scholars have shown, non-
attendance in screening programs or non-adherence to
guidelines is perceived as “abnormal” or “irrational,” and
10. adherence is viewed as an ethical value (Bush, 2000;
Drew & Schoenberg, 2011; Griffiths, Bendelow, Green,
& Palmer, 2010). The judgments about what people ought
to do, which are implicit in these discourses, can become
internalized. They affect people’s practices and behaviors
and their perceptions of themselves. When cancer is diag-
nosed late, such judgments can produce feelings of guilt
and reduce an individual’s successes or failures with can-
cer treatment to their own individual volitions (Griffiths,
Green, & Bendelow, 2006; McMullin & Weiner, 2008).
The techniques used to screen for CRC offer an impor-
tant area for studying how responsibilization affects, and
is experienced by, people who are poor and medically
under-served. CRC screening differs in important ways
from other preventive screening tests. Although the U.S.
Preventive Services Task Force (2008) identifies three
options for screening—colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidos-
copy, and fecal occult blood test—the most commonly
prescribed and utilized screening method in St. Louis (and
most areas of the United States) is colonoscopy (Steel
et al., 2013). Colonoscopy is unique among routine
screening technologies: It is expensive, time-consuming,
and invasive. The test requires fasting, a special prepara-
tion (“prep”) to clean out the colon, and an under-sedation
procedure performed by a specialist. From preparation to
post-procedure, the process lasts 2 days, making it both
expensive and labor-intensive. However, it is also a
screening test recommended only once every 10 years,
unless polyps are found or an individual has a family his-
tory of CRC. Unlike other routine screening tests (e.g.,
pap), it does not achieve the normalcy created by annual
repetition (Bush, 2000).
The second approach that underpins our study is both
theoretical and methodological, and aims to examine the
11. meaning, process, and context of health. We adapted a
participant-employed photography technique, known as
Hunleth et al. 19
Photovoice, which merges three theoretical frameworks
(Wang, Burris, & Ping, 1996): (a) community documen-
tary photography to emphasize that people living in a
community may offer images that better represent their
experiences, (b) Paolo Freire’s education for critical con-
sciousness to cultivate critical discussions about social
justice issues, and (c) feminist theory and method to
acknowledge and address the power hierarchies that
affect knowledge production. Feminist theory, in particu-
lar, has been foundational to the development of the
Photovoice method because of its acknowledgment that
the experiences of marginalized populations tend to be
overlooked in research and programmatic development,
leading to the misrepresentation of their lives and needs
(Wang, 1999; Wang & Burris, 1997). Feminist theorists
have identified the significance of knowledge based on
lived experience for understanding social issues. They
advocate for “a form of knowledge construction that
includes those who are the subjects of research” (Wang
et al., 1996, p. 1392). In Photovoice, this is realized
through participant-driven photographs, with the goal of
having the photographs and messages produced within
such studies reach broader audiences of policymakers
and practitioners to effect change.
Participatory photography has gained popularity in
health disparities research since the 1990s and is used as
a way to give individuals greater control over the research
process and the production of knowledge about their lives
12. (Wang et al., 1996). Photographic methods may also gen-
erate more detailed accounts of experience than conven-
tional interview techniques (Frith & Harcourt, 2007).
Researchers have used Photovoice to examine a variety
of health issues related to physical and social environ-
ments (Bukowski & Buetow, 2011; Mahmood et al.,
2012; Rhodes, Hergenrather, Wilkin, & Jolly, 2008),
health behaviors (Duffy, 2010; Hennessy et al., 2010;
Valera, Gallin, Schuk, & Davis, 2009), and the prevention
and management of specific health conditions (Fitzpatrick
et al., 2012; Kubicek, Beyer, Weiss, & Kipke, 2012). The
studies in which researchers have used Photovoice to
explore cancer disparities tend to focus on cancer survi-
vorship (Lopez, Eng, Randall-David, & Robinson, 2005;
Mosavel & Sanders, 2010; Yi & Zebrack, 2010), with
very limited studies of treatment (Poudrier & Mac-Lean,
2009) or screening (Thomas, Owens, Friedman, Torres,
& Hebert, 2013).
Photovoice, we suggest, offers one means of address-
ing the power inequalities and methodological insufficien-
cies of previous qualitative work carried out on CRC
screening, which has tended to rely on cross-sectional
interviews or focus groups, using researcher-initiated
questions. These techniques may not capture how people
experience and ascribe meaning to CRC screening, and
they may further exacerbate power differences between
interviewer and interviewee (Castleden, Garvin, & Huu-
ay-aht First Nation, 2008). Furthermore, the rapid, hierar-
chical, and static nature of such work may simply generate
“impression management discourses” (Messac, Ciccarone,
Draine, & Bourgois, 2013), rather than insight into the
meaning, process, and context in which individuals expe-
rience CRC screening. Combining the Photovoice method
with theories of responsibilization of health care, we asked
13. the following: How do people in medically under-served
areas engage with processes of “responsibilization” in
relation to a type of cancer that is considered preventable
and a screening technology that is quite invasive?
Method
Setting
Our project was carried out in St. Louis, Missouri, a city
with pressing economic and health disparities. In 2011,
26% of the city’s residents were living below the federal
poverty line, 19% had no health insurance, and 13% were
unemployed. The number of city residents using the health
care safety net for primary care has grown in recent years,
although the city population has decreased (Regional
Health Commission, 2012). Disparities in cancer survival
in St. Louis are high. In St. Louis City, the death rate from
CRC is higher than the overall CRC death rates in Missouri
and in the United States (National Cancer Institute, 2014).
Health providers in the region partially attribute these dis-
parities to late detection and a lack of access to preventive
screenings and CRC treatment. Colonoscopy is not usu-
ally carried out in primary care settings. The one local
center dedicated to providing colonoscopies for Medicaid
and uninsured adults filed for bankruptcy in 2013 and sub-
sequently closed. People can go to area hospitals for colo-
noscopy, but there is no longer one central location for
under/uninsured patients, and many hospitals are not cen-
tral to the most heavily under-served areas in the city’s
north side. This context raises questions about what it
takes to successfully undergo screening and the experi-
ence of receiving a screening test.
The initial idea for this project came from members of
the Colon Cancer Community Partnership (CCCP), a
14. university–community partnership initiated in 2005 to
address CRC disparities in St. Louis. The partnership
consists of leaders from local organizations/institutions,
community members affected by colon cancer, health
care providers, and university researchers (including
Hunleth, James, and McQueen). The partnership meets
quarterly to offer feedback on CRC-related research and
conduct outreach. In 2009, members expressed concern
that cancer disparities research in our city had not ade-
quately addressed the struggles faced and also obstacles
surmounted by people who had been screened for CRC.
20 Qualitative Health Research 26(1)
This Photovoice study was proposed as one way to hear
people’s stories of CRC screening and better understand
the experience of screening for people living in under-
served communities with long-standing disparities in
cancer survival.
Recruiting Participants
To examine the experience of screening, we recruited
individuals who had previously undergone screening,
with no history of CRC diagnosis. We focused on people
who had been screened because they are the “missing
group” in the CRC screening and treatment literature.
Rather than viewing their screening as unremarkable
because they adhered to screening guidelines, we start
from the position that understanding their experiences
might help us improve the experience of CRC screening
and offer insight into the obstacles faced by people who
have not screened.
15. Our sampling strategy was purposive and broad. We
recruited people aged 50 years and older in accordance
with current U.S. Preventive Services Task Force screen-
ing recommendations that suggest that adults should be
screened starting at age 50. To ensure that our sample
comprised individuals from under-served areas of St.
Louis, we worked with the CCCP. Specifically, we cre-
ated study advertisements to be distributed by the CCCP
members and other community partners as well as at
health centers. We also worked with a community recruit-
ment resource at our university to distribute study adver-
tisement information to individuals reached through the
university’s outreach efforts. Interested individuals were
asked to call our study staff, and the research team
screened volunteer callers for eligibility. We asked eligi-
ble individuals about their available times and days, and
when we had enough people with similar availability, we
assigned them to one of three Photovoice groups.
Photovoice projects conventionally rely on small sam-
ple sizes, and we chose to keep our groups small for sev-
eral reasons. First, we have learned in previous research
that CRC can be difficult for participants to discuss in
large groups. We anticipated that smaller groups would
help participants reach a level of comfort and trust with
each other and us that they needed to discuss their per-
sonal experiences. Second, showing and talking about
photographs in front of a group can be a nerve-wracking
experience for people who are not accustomed to engag-
ing in artistic expressions or talking in front of a group.
The small groups helped people reach a level of comfort
and rapport with each other and the staff more quickly.
Finally, we kept the sample small because our study
included multiple interviews and discussions through
time to facilitate a depth of understanding of the partici-
pants’ perspectives and lives not possible in larger groups.
16. After working with the three groups, we felt the topics
were saturated enough to move ahead with analysis.
Thirteen women and 5 men between the ages of 51
and 69 years took part in the study. Thirteen participants
were Black, and 5 were White. Many participants were
unemployed or under-employed during the study and
actively seeking work. A few participants reported receiv-
ing disability benefits. Thirteen participants provided
information on their insurance types at the time of the
study: 7 participants received insurance through
Medicaid, 1 person had Medicare, 3 people had private
health insurance, and 2 people were uninsured. All par-
ticipants had undergone colonoscopy at least once, most
within the past 5 years. No one was diagnosed with CRC.
However, several participants had polyps removed or
were diagnosed with other gastrointestinal conditions
(diverticulitis, Crohn’s, etc.) as a result of the procedure.
Study Procedures
The 18 individuals who enrolled in our study participated
in three separate Photovoice groups. Each group had 5 to
7 participants and lasted approximately 12 weeks, during
which time we held a training session, three to four addi-
tional group meetings, and individual meetings with par-
ticipants between the group meetings. The group sessions
were conducted in a private room in the Health and
Information Center at the University’s Cancer Center, a
resource for patients, families, and community members
that provides cancer information, support, and resources.
Although we originally planned to meet in a local library
or community center, we eventually decided on the
Cancer Center because participants identified it as the
easiest location to get to because of the layout of public
17. transportation in the city.
At the start of the first group meeting for each of the
three groups, study team members reviewed the study
procedures with each participant and obtained written
informed consent. After the completion of informed con-
sent, each participant received a packet with informa-
tional materials, a schedule of meetings, and a digital
camera. Group members and staff introduced themselves
to each other, and each participant offered reasons why
they were interested in participating in the study. Hunleth
then gave an overview of the history and philosophy of
Photovoice, the schedule of research activities, and antic-
ipated outcomes of the project. The training culminated
in a discussion of issues related to the ethics of photo-
taking, including privacy and consent, and also an exer-
cise in which participants learned about and used the
digital cameras.
To offer direction on the photo-taking, we asked partici-
pants to choose, as a group, photo “assignments,” which
we defined as broad topics related to CRC screening. The
Hunleth et al. 21
initial CRC-related assignment was derived from a facili-
tated group conversation about CRC and CRC screening,
which focused on what screening meant to the participants
and what types of things helped or hindered CRC screen-
ing. After deciding on an assignment, the participants spent
2 weeks taking photographs on their own. During the sec-
ond week, they met individually with a research assistant
to discuss all of their photos in an interview format that
resembled photo elicitation methods (D. Harper, 2002). In
18. this individual interview, they selected a photograph or
photographs to discuss with their group.
When the group reconvened, we displayed photos on a
large monitor, and each member presented his or her
photo(s). Presentations and group discussions were
loosely guided by a series of questions about what the pic-
ture depicted, the story behind the picture, and how the
photo related to the participants’ lives and to CRC screen-
ing (Wang, 1999). After everyone presented their photo(s),
all photos were displayed side-by-side on the monitor. The
participants then engaged in dialogue about the themes
they noticed across the photos and a more generalized dis-
cussion of the meanings of the photos in relation to their
experiences. Based on this discussion, the participants
decided on their next assignment. The photographs, there-
fore, helped focus the discussions, and the discussions
influenced the next round of photo-taking. We ensured
that, by the time of our final group meetings, participants
were satisfied that they had exhausted all topics on or
related to CRC screening. We added an additional group
session for Group 1 on their request when they said that
they still had one more topic to discuss.
The discussions during the group meetings were lively,
and sessions were well attended. Eleven participants
came to all scheduled group meetings. Four participants
missed one group meeting, 2 participants missed two
group meetings, and 1 participant had to withdraw from
the study after the training session due to a family crisis.
The participants who missed one to two sessions reported
conflicts with work or job interviews and also health and
transportation issues as their reasons for not attending.
Analysis
19. This project generated a lot of data: transcripts from the
audio-recorded group and individual sessions, the partici-
pants’ photographs, and field notes written after each
group and individual meeting to document the process,
emerging themes, group dynamics, tone, interactions,
body language, and aspects not captured on the audio
recorders. Our analysis focuses on transcripts of the audio-
recorded discussions that took place during the group ses-
sions. The detailed field notes taken after each group
session and the audio-recorded individual interviews fur-
ther inform our interpretation. Hunleth and James led the
analysis, with the assistance of two coders, and using tech-
niques from grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1990).
The team met regularly to develop the codebook. Once the
codebook was finalized, two research assistants each
coded all transcripts using NVivo 10 (Richards, 2005).
During the coding process, the coders met weekly to com-
pare their coding and to resolve inconsistencies. The dis-
crepancies in coding were minor, and Hunleth and James
assisted the coders in resolving them. After the coding was
complete, we convened a series of team meetings with the
coders in which we discussed the meanings and interpre-
tations of the coding categories.
Recruitment, informed consent, and study procedures
were approved by Washington University’s Institutional
Review Board. All names of participants used in this arti-
cle are pseudonyms.
Results
The participants found common ground in their belief
that screening for CRC was, in general, an important and
“proactive” way to remain healthy. They were, however,
wary of making judgments about people who had not
20. been screened and understood that each person has differ-
ent experiences of and struggles with CRC screening.
This acknowledgment of the struggle and the diversity of
experiences shaped the ways in which the participants
talked about and perceived the photos they took. No sin-
gular photo, they suggested, could represent the complex-
ity and diversity of their experiences with CRC screening.
Instead, the participants viewed their photos as meta-
phors, they extended their stories well beyond the scene
or object that they had photographed, they were open to
discussion about differing experiences, and they some-
times made linkages among all of the photos taken by the
group. The photos became springboards for deeper, richer
conversations than might otherwise have happened with-
out the photographs. However, this form of discussion
also made it difficult for them, or us, to reduce the content
and messages they conveyed to a singular photographic
image. For example, a photograph of a woman sleeping
peacefully in bed prompted a lengthy discussion about
the struggles of balancing work responsibilities with the
colonoscopy preparation and procedure.
In this “Results” section, we identify the main catego-
ries that emerged from the group discussions of the pho-
tos. Because the conversations tended to go more in-depth
and migrate away from the photos, we give more atten-
tion in this article to the discussions that took place than
to the photographic images. We believe that this means of
presenting the results more accurately captures what the
participants were conveying to each other and to us dur-
ing the sessions. We also acknowledge that participants
sometimes broadened their discussion to other health
22 Qualitative Health Research 26(1)
21. topics as a way of talking about CRC and CRC screening.
In what follows, we break the results into three main sec-
tions. First, we identify struggle as a main category used
to talk about CRC screening, and we highlight the differ-
ent aspects of the struggle to get screened. Second, we
highlight a core category that the participants suggested
was key to successful screening: social connections and
support. Finally, we identify CRC screening as an emo-
tionally laden process—including before the initial test
and after the results are received—that is underpinned by
feelings of uncertainty, guilt, fear, and sometimes relief.
Ways in Which Participants Experienced CRC
Screening as a Struggle
We identified several ways in which the participants
experienced CRC screening (or receiving a colonoscopy)
as a struggle. First, the participants discussed the high
monetary cost of the colonoscopy procedure, which
makes it prohibitive without insurance coverage or other
forms of outside support. Second, they revealed extra and
hidden costs associated with screening beyond the medi-
cal bills. Third, the participants stressed to us that the lim-
ited information available to them about CRC, CRC
screening, and resources for CRC prevention and treat-
ment placed constraints on their ability to make health
care decisions and remain healthy.
Insurance coverage shaped and constrained attempts to seek
screening. Participants pointed out that the cost of colo-
noscopy was difficult to afford …
Research Theory, Design, and Methods Walden University
24. • Is the hypothesis consistent with its respective research
question?
• Does the question(s) and/or hypothesis specify the participants
and
research site?
If the study is mixed methods, do the research questions and/or
hypotheses do
the following?
• Include the characteristics of a good qualitative research
question (as
listed above)
• Include the characteristics of a good quantitative research
and/or
hypothesis (as listed above)
• Indicate how the researcher will mix or integrate the two
approaches of the
study
• Specify the participants and research site
• Convey the overall intent of the study that calls for a mixed
methods
approach
Research Questions and Hypotheses Checklist
25. Chen 5
Proofread the essay to make sure there are no grammatical and
typing errors, the language is formal academic, and formatting
is correct
Name: Qian Chen
Course: ENGL 1301
Instructor: Prof. Maur
Date: 2020/5/29
Tuskegee Airmen Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Create
your own title for this essay
Add the image here
Introduction
In Gordon Parks’ Photography titled “Tuskegee Men,” five men
are pictured gambling in a room that appeared to be an air force
base. All the four have pilot’s gear and they are black men,
which very unprecedented to be as the image was taken in the
year 1943. Eventually this was the first ever group of black
men, who successfully completed a pilot’s training and become
fully fledged pilots of the Air force. That is why the Tuskegee
Men is very relevant and why it has found its way in the Gordon
Park archives, because it is historical especially for the black
community. The image is a clear representation of victory to the
black community, this is an image that can be used to encourage
other member of the black community that anything is possible
as long one is able to put their mind to it. Thesis: In the thesis
using the visual elements analyzed in this essay, show what the
photographer is trying to achieve or portray Comment by
Kaur, Manavpreet: This seems to be copied from the website.
Proved citation
Mainly because achieving what the Tuskegee men achieved in
1943 was an impossibility and this actually set precedent for the
black community in the air force, it opened the doors for the
other young people who had the same ambitions and dreams
(Moye, 2010). Although the image is monochromatic it creates
26. the feeling of fulfillment and hope to someone viewing the
image and understanding the history of the characters in the
image. This makes visual representation an important aspect
especially in the civil rights movement, Gordon Park understood
the power of Visual Representation and that is why there are
various images with the same message. In a community that has
experienced disparities for the longest period, making it in any
field just like in the Air Force is a great achievement in regards
to all the barriers that the black community faces in the country.
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Not sure where the point
from the source starts. This incorporation of source is incorrect
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: What is the purpose of
this paragraph?
Thesis: The Gordon Park Archive is filled with Photography and
similar materials of the black community. In a community that
has faced oppression and disparity up to the moment, visual
representation of black excellence and success is something that
is integral to the spirit and hope of the black community.
Establishing the fact that the visual documentation of the black
excellence is an integral part and one of the elements that build
up the hope and spirit of the black community. It is also
important to understand that how the Photographs in this case
are taken is important to come up with intended message.
Gordon Parks is no doubt one of the bets photographers ever
and he used this talent in the civil rights movement. Looking at
the archives one would want to know why the photographs are
so influential, it is because of the visual element of each
individual photo. Because Visual elements work together to
create story and meaning. This will be the focus of this paper in
establishing the elements of this photograph that stands out to
communicate the message of black excellence and at the same
time raising the spirits and hopes of the black community.
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Again, the purpose of this
paragraph is unclear
Topic sentence should introduce the element analyzed in this
paragraph There are various elements that make this photograph
27. excellent looking at the framing, the photograph is a portrait
and it has been able to capture five black men in the pilot’s
attire. The men are strategically placed at the middle of the
photograph so that one can explicably focus on them, looking at
the facial expression and see the fulfillment in the faces of
these young black men. Combining the framing and the color of
the Photograph it now clearly communicates the intended
message. The photograph is monochromatic, meaning it is black
and white, anyone viewing the photograph even without being
told will immediately understand the Photograph is of a long
time ago, in the era whereby maybe black men were not pilots
of the Air Force and they are in the Army base Gambling. Even
without having the date this will communicate that these men
are successful in their field. Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet:
First analyze framing in detail and then analyze color
Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: You did not analyze light
here. This is very general analysis
Topic sentence should introduce the element analyzed in this
paragraph The lighting is excellent, it not only shows clearly
the faces of the men, but it also show the black board at the
background wall, and one can see clearly the men have been
busy in the Air Force. The black board shows the mission,
remarks and pilot rows of the table filled. This again
emphasizes on the aspect that these men are not only dressed in
pilot attire but they are men who actually are working as pilots.
Combining lighting with the content is important as it tells the
whole story clearly. All in all the pictures tells a story of
milestone that is achieved by black men, that directly reflects
the resiliency and determination of the black community. It
undeniable that a young man or woman viewing this photograph
would want to be like the Tuskegee men in future.
In conclusion, photographs are important and interestingly
communication tools, that is in addition to any other media of
visual documentation. This is because people tend to learn,
more with visual images that the word of mouth, and seeing is
actually believing. Therefore the visual elements of the
28. Photograph are very important, to make one individual in the
black community believe in their dreams because one time
theTuskegee men believed in their dream and made history.
Visual elements therefore are important in any instance, not
only in the civil rights movement of black community. Having a
properly taken photo will help it to serve its purpose of passing
the message to the following generation. Comment by Kaur,
Manavpreet: Do not give general statements on photography
here Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: At a minimum, your
conclusion should remind your reader how the visual elements
convey meaning.
Works Cited Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Underline and
the title should not be in bold letters
Moye, J. Todd. Freedom Flyers: The Tuskegee Airmen of World
War II. Oxford University Press, 2010.
THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN, 1943. Retrieved from
http://www.gordonparksfoundation.org/gordon-
parks/photography-archive/the-tuskegee-airmen-
1943?view=slider#2 Comment by Kaur, Manavpreet: Cite the
source correctly
Pilots Gambling, Selfridge Field, Michigan, 1943. Source:
Gordon Parks Foundation
Heath 0
Kathryn Heath
Professor Manav Kaur
English 1301
May 29, 2020
Living in the Slums
Life, is a word that can be seen very differently through
29. many people’s eyes. It can be seen as unfair, as rags and riches,
and on one side of the spectrum you have people that have
enough money to buy anything and everything they want, and
on the other side you have families living in poverty that all
they can do is pray that they can make ends meet to have a bed
to sleep on and food to eat. The Fontenelle Family by Gordon
Parks, the photograph Fontenelle Children Outside Their
Harlem Tenement, Harlem, New York , 1967 was taken for life
magazine to document the living conditions of black families
living in the slums or “ghetto” of New York, specifically
Harlem. In the land of hopes and dreams, one of the wealthiest
countries, we still have families going to bed without food and
sometimes without a roof over their head. Where did we go
wrong and how do we fix it?
In the image, you will notice four kids standing outside
their “Tenement”, in filth and upset. There is graffiti on the
doors and bricks and garbage all over the ground. The graffiti is
a resemblance of violence and gangs marking their territory. In
the 1960’s in Harlem no one was safe, not whites, not blacks,
crime was increasing dramatically and the poor were usually the
victims. “Theft, extorsion, drugs, prostitution, gambling, and
graft were big businesses in the ghetto. It's hard to get ahead
when meager savings are stolen, or have to be used to repair
damaged property or pay the medical costs of violent injury”
(Hartford). In the ghettos there was very limited housing at the
time. “Slumloards” could force tenants to pay high rents for
small, filthy, not well heated apartments. For this family of
nine, it was either living in the filth, but having a roof over
your head or in the streets where there was no escape from
violence. The issue was that ghetto residence usually paid a
higher portion of their income if any for housing compared to
whites. “This “color tax” made it all the harder for them to lift
themselves out of poverty”(Hartford).
This picture depicts a family living in absolute poverty
with no source of income, no education, and limited food and
clothing. One of the boys is sitting with a very angry and
30. distraught look on his face, he has a paper in his lap. This
depicts the lack of education these kids living in the slums are
receiving. Because of the lack of education this boy most likely
cannot read the paper on his lap and is going to use it for a
necessity of living. The child against the brick wall is very
upset and looks as though they are crying. Because of the
violence and lack of money, their mother could have gone out to
find a source of income and the children witnessed something to
upset them or they were scared of what could happen to them
with her gone. Another circumstance could be the amount of
emotion and anger portrayed to one another because of the
amount of frustration in the family that could be acted upon due
to lack of nutrition and what is happening behind closed doors.
There is a sense of comfort in this picture and this is shown by
little boy holding his baby brother. Because everyone is so
spread out besides these two, this shows a sense of comfort and
love even during stressful times. This depicts that these siblings
will look out for each other no matter the circumstances and
that there is always love for one another even during really
difficult and gruesome times. The focus of this image was the
children and the different emotions expressed by them.
Frustration of poverty can cause a lot of mistreatment at home
causing the children to be unhappy and misbehave. The framing
of the picture shows how tight the quarters are even outside of
the apartment and how dirty it truly is.
There is hope for the poor and people in poverty. In the United
States we will in the land of hopes and dreams. There are
services now that are provided to help these people and families
get a source of income and put food on their tables and a roof
over their head. “There is something about both of us that goes
deeper than blood or black and white. It is our common search
for a better life, a better world.” People living in these
conditions strive to have a better life for their family and we
can make this happen as long as we work together to make the
world a better place.
31. Works Cited
Parks, Gordon. “The Fontenelle Family, 1967.” Gordon Parks
Foundation, 1967, www.gordonparksfoundation.org/gordon-
parks/photography-archive/the-fontenelle-family-
1967?view=slider#12.
Hartford, Bruce. “Ghettos, Segregation, & Poverty in the
1960s.” Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement -- Ghettos,
Segregation, and Poverty in the 1960s, 2015,
www.crmvet.org/comm/ghetto15.htm.