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Charge It! 
Cross-Curricular Focus: Physical Science 
Many people do not really understand how electricity works. 
They just know that when they need power to run an appliance, they 
have to plug it into the wall. 
Energy comes from charged particles that are moving around. 
Have you ever rubbed a balloon against your clothes to make it 
stick? Have you held a balloon or a comb over someone’s head to 
watch his hair stand up straight? That’s static electricity and 
electrically charged particles. But these particles don’t do much 
unless we control their energy. 
Static electricity builds up on certain materials. Other materials, 
though, let electrical charges fl ow through them. This creates an 
electric current. Electric current travels very easily through metals like 
copper, gold, silver, and aluminum. We call materials that electric 
current fl ows through easily conductors. Water is also a good 
conductor of electricity. That’s why electrical charges can travel 
through people, too. There is water in every cell of a person’s body. 
Electric current can travel through these cells. 
Since metal is a good conductor of electricity, elec trical wires are 
often made out of metal. Wiring can also be made out of non-metal 
materials, such as graphite. 
Conductors have to be enclosed in a material that is an insulator 
Insulators do not allow electric current to pass through them. The 
rubber coating that you see on electrical cords covers the metal. 
The electric current stays inside the cord so we can direct the 
current to the appliance that needs power. Other good insulators are 
glass and some plastics. 
Cross-Curricular Reading Comprehension Worksheets: D-20 of 36 
Name: 
Answer the following questions based on 
the reading passage. Don’t forget to go back 
to the passage whenever necessary to fi nd 
or confi rm your answers. 
1) What are two materials that are good 
conductors of electricity? 
2) How is static electricity different 
from electric current? 
3) What could happen if the rubber 
coating on a power cord is damaged? 
4) Is water a conductor or an insulator? 
5) In your own words, explain the difference 
between a conductor and an insulator.

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Charge it

  • 1. Charge It! Cross-Curricular Focus: Physical Science Many people do not really understand how electricity works. They just know that when they need power to run an appliance, they have to plug it into the wall. Energy comes from charged particles that are moving around. Have you ever rubbed a balloon against your clothes to make it stick? Have you held a balloon or a comb over someone’s head to watch his hair stand up straight? That’s static electricity and electrically charged particles. But these particles don’t do much unless we control their energy. Static electricity builds up on certain materials. Other materials, though, let electrical charges fl ow through them. This creates an electric current. Electric current travels very easily through metals like copper, gold, silver, and aluminum. We call materials that electric current fl ows through easily conductors. Water is also a good conductor of electricity. That’s why electrical charges can travel through people, too. There is water in every cell of a person’s body. Electric current can travel through these cells. Since metal is a good conductor of electricity, elec trical wires are often made out of metal. Wiring can also be made out of non-metal materials, such as graphite. Conductors have to be enclosed in a material that is an insulator Insulators do not allow electric current to pass through them. The rubber coating that you see on electrical cords covers the metal. The electric current stays inside the cord so we can direct the current to the appliance that needs power. Other good insulators are glass and some plastics. Cross-Curricular Reading Comprehension Worksheets: D-20 of 36 Name: Answer the following questions based on the reading passage. Don’t forget to go back to the passage whenever necessary to fi nd or confi rm your answers. 1) What are two materials that are good conductors of electricity? 2) How is static electricity different from electric current? 3) What could happen if the rubber coating on a power cord is damaged? 4) Is water a conductor or an insulator? 5) In your own words, explain the difference between a conductor and an insulator.