This is introduction to micro processor and assembly language course. In this chapter you are going to be introduced to basic idea of microprocessor. Language hierarchy and virtual machine concept.
This is introduction to micro processor and assembly language course. In this chapter you are going to be introduced to basic idea of microprocessor. Language hierarchy and virtual machine concept.
Evaluation of morden computer & system attributes in ACAPankaj Kumar Jain
Elements of Modern Computers, Architectural
Evolution in computer architecture ,System Attributes to Performance,Clock Rate and CPI,MIPS Rate,Throughput Rate,Implicit Parallelism,Explicit Parallelism, State of computing,
Introduction Operating system
What is Operating System
Operating System Software
main memory Management
processor management
Device Management
A brief History Of Machine
Mini computer
Super Computer
Micro Computer
Types of Operating system
Object Oriented Design
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Evaluation of morden computer & system attributes in ACAPankaj Kumar Jain
Elements of Modern Computers, Architectural
Evolution in computer architecture ,System Attributes to Performance,Clock Rate and CPI,MIPS Rate,Throughput Rate,Implicit Parallelism,Explicit Parallelism, State of computing,
Introduction Operating system
What is Operating System
Operating System Software
main memory Management
processor management
Device Management
A brief History Of Machine
Mini computer
Super Computer
Micro Computer
Types of Operating system
Object Oriented Design
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
2. Course Textbook and Outline
Instructor: Dr. Nivine Güler
Textbook(s):
Computer Organization and Design: The
Hardware/Software Interface, 4th Edition, David
Patterson and John Hennessy, Morgan Kaufmann.
ISBN: 978-0-12-374493-7, 2012
Topics covered:
Computer Abstractions and Technology
Instructions: Language of the Computer
Arithmetic for Computers
The processor
Exploiting Memory Hierarchy
3. Grades
Quizes 30%
Chap 1, 2, 3
Date to be announced
Midterm Exam 30%
Chap 4, Part of Chap 5
Date to be announced
Final 40%
All material
4. The Computer Revolution
Progress in computer technology
Underpinned by Moore’s Law
Makes ”science-fiction” applications
feasible
Computers in automobiles
Cell phones
Human genome project
World Wide Web
Search Engines
Computers are pervasive
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
5. Classes of Computers
Desktop computers
General purpose, variety of software
Subject to cost/performance tradeoff
Server computers
High capacity, performance, reliability
Execute programs for multiusers
simultaneously and accessed by network.
Embedded computers
Hidden as components inside the systems
such as car, phone, video game, so on
Designed to run one application integrated
with the hardware, and delivered as a single
system.
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
7. What You Will Learn
How high level language programs, such
as C, are translated into the machine
language
And how the hardware executes them?
What is the hardware/software interface
And how does the software instruct the
hardware to perform needed functions?
What determines program performance
And how it can be improved?
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
8. What You Will Learn
How can hardware designers improve
performance?
What is parallel processing
Switching from sequential processing to
parallel processing
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
9. Understanding Performance
Algorithm
Determines number of operations executed
Programming language, compiler, architecture
Determine number of machine instructions executed
per operation
Processor and memory system
Determine how fast instructions are executed
I/O system (including OS)
Determines how fast I/O operations are executed
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
10. Below Your Program
Application software
Written in high-level language
System software
Compiler: translates HLL code to
machine code
Operating System: service code
Handling input/output
Managing memory and storage
Scheduling tasks & sharing resources
Hardware
Processor, memory, I/O controllers
Chapter
1
—
Computer
Abstractions
and
Technology
11. Levels of Program Code
High-level language
Level of abstraction closer
to problem domain
Provides for productivity
and portability
Assembly language
Textual representation of
instructions
Hardware representation
Binary digits (bits)
Encoded instructions and
data
Ex: 1000110010100000
Just tells the computer to add two numbers
12. Components of a Computer
The five important components for all kinds of
computer are: Input, output, memory, datapath,
control( called processor)
Input/output includes:
User-interface devices
Display, keyboard, mouse
Storage devices
Hard disk, CD/DVD, flash
Network adapters
For communicating with other computers
§1.3
Under
the
Covers
The BIG Picture
13. Anatomy of a Computer
LCD screen is
Output device
Keyboard
Input device
Mouse Input
device
Network
cable
14. Inside the Processor (CPU)
Datapath: The component of the processor
that performs arithmetic operations
Control: The component of the processor
that commands the datapath, memory, and
I/O devices according to the instructions of
the program
Cache memory: consists of small and fast
SRAM memory for immediate access to
data
17. Abstractions
Abstraction helps us deal with complexity
Hide lower-level detail
Instruction set architecture (ISA)
The hardware/software interface :
encompasses all the information necessary to
write a machine language program
Application binary interface
The ISA combined with the system software
interface
Implementation
Hardware that obeys the architecture abstraction.
18. Defining Performance
Which airplane has the best performance?
0 100 200 300 400 500
Douglas
DC-8-50
BAC/Sud
Concorde
Boeing 747
Boeing 777
Passenger Capacity
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Douglas DC-
8-50
BAC/Sud
Concorde
Boeing 747
Boeing 777
Cruising Range (miles)
0 500 1000 1500
Douglas
DC-8-50
BAC/Sud
Concorde
Boeing 747
Boeing 777
Cruising Speed (mph)
0 100000 200000 300000 400000
Douglas DC-
8-50
BAC/Sud
Concorde
Boeing 747
Boeing 777
Passengers x mph
§1.4
Performance
19. Response Time and Throughput
Response time
How long it takes to do a task
Throughput
Total work done per unit time
e.g., tasks/transactions/… per hour
How are response time and throughput affected
by
Replacing the processor with a faster version?
Adding more processors?
We’ll focus on response time for now…
20. Relative Performance
Define Performance = 1/Execution Time
“X is n time faster than Y”
n
X
Y
Y
X
time
Execution
time
Execution
e
Performanc
e
Performanc
Example: time taken to run a program
10s on A, 15s on B
Execution TimeB / Execution TimeA
= 15s / 10s = 1.5
So A is 1.5 times faster than B
21. Please do the HOMEWORK!
Thank you all
Chapter 1 — Computer Abstractions and Technology — 37
Editor's Notes
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dual inline memory module (DIMM)
A small board that contains DRAM chips on both sides.
The microprocessor in the laptop in Figure 1.7 has two cores per chip, called an Intel Core 2 Duo