This chapter introduces key concepts in statistics including: - Descriptive statistics which organizes and summarizes data, and inferential statistics which makes predictions from samples. - The difference between populations and samples, with populations representing all possible values and samples being subsets. - Types of variables including qualitative, quantitative, discrete and continuous. Quantitative variables can further be classified based on their level of measurement as nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio. - Common uses of statistics across various fields such as marketing, healthcare, education and more.