This document discusses various models and strategies for managing organizational changes. It begins by defining change management and describing Kurt Lewin's three step model of unfreezing, transitioning, and freezing. It also outlines John Kotter's eight steps for leading change and the ADKAR change management model. Additional models discussed include those by Dessler and the Apple Classroom of Tomorrow (ACOT) model. The document provides detailed explanations of strategies for assessing readiness, developing vision, engaging leaders, communicating changes, and monitoring outcomes. It also examines factors driving changes in education and improvement actions in technical and vocational education and training.
Change management (sometimes abbreviated as CM) is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change.
This is lecture 2 about the change management principles of sourcing. Mostly the sourcing approach is used as a five of seven step approach. This lecture will make clear that sourcing is a fundamental change an should be managed with the principles of change management.
Compilation of the common challenges which experts have faced in the real agile environment. Ebook originally published in https://www.knowledgetrain.co.uk/agile/agile-challenges
This framework was created during a challenging ICT implementation project. I needed a way to get reluctant people excited and ready for their new working ways and processes, so I tested and tried different things. The one that worked was a combination of strategy, continuous change readiness measurements, picking the correct change management theory, communicating differently (and in different schedules) for different target audiences, using HR to pick the correct people to the core team and using the project management method, which suited the organization. This was an extreme experiment, but it worked. I've since tested it or parts of it in action in other change programs as well.
Info Webinar: Prosci Workshop for Project ManagersProsci ANZ
Integrating change management and project management has been cited in numerous studies as a key contributor to overall project success. Build buy in for Change Management in this one day, hands on workshop specially designed for Project Managers, project teams, IT specialists and other professionals.
Program overview
Key takeaways
Q&A.
Change management (sometimes abbreviated as CM) is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change.
This is lecture 2 about the change management principles of sourcing. Mostly the sourcing approach is used as a five of seven step approach. This lecture will make clear that sourcing is a fundamental change an should be managed with the principles of change management.
Compilation of the common challenges which experts have faced in the real agile environment. Ebook originally published in https://www.knowledgetrain.co.uk/agile/agile-challenges
This framework was created during a challenging ICT implementation project. I needed a way to get reluctant people excited and ready for their new working ways and processes, so I tested and tried different things. The one that worked was a combination of strategy, continuous change readiness measurements, picking the correct change management theory, communicating differently (and in different schedules) for different target audiences, using HR to pick the correct people to the core team and using the project management method, which suited the organization. This was an extreme experiment, but it worked. I've since tested it or parts of it in action in other change programs as well.
Info Webinar: Prosci Workshop for Project ManagersProsci ANZ
Integrating change management and project management has been cited in numerous studies as a key contributor to overall project success. Build buy in for Change Management in this one day, hands on workshop specially designed for Project Managers, project teams, IT specialists and other professionals.
Program overview
Key takeaways
Q&A.
Every organization needs to adapt to the ever-changing business environment. Sensing this need, we have come up with these content-ready change management PowerPoint presentation slides. These change management PPT templates will help you deal with any kind of an organizational change. Be it with people, goals or processes. The business solutions incorporated here will help you identify the organizational structure, create vision for change, implement strategies, identify resistance and risk, manage cost of change, get feedback and evaluation, and much more. With the help of various change management tools and techniques illustrated in this presentation design, you can achieve the desired business outcomes. This business transition PowerPoint design also covers certain related topics such as change model, transformation strategy, change readiness, change control, project management and business process. By implementing the change control methods mentioned in the presentation, you will be able to have a smooth transition in an organization. So, without waiting much, download our extensively researched change management framework presentation. With our Change Management Presentation slides, understand the need for change and plan to go through it without any hassles. https://bit.ly/3uYAr4X
Manage the imposed or unplanned change with the help of professionally designed ready-made Change Management Introduction PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Drive an effective change within an organization using change management PPT slides. Get practical organizational change methodologies, frameworks, steps, processes and implement a successful change. Add change management PowerPoint slideshow and aware people in your organization about the change. This complete PowerPoint slideshow covers topics like change management implementation drivers, identify the change, types of change management, forces for change, gap analysis, organization change readiness checklist, etc. These change management introduction PPT slide layouts are editable. You can utilize them as per your organizational need. Make your employees ready for the change and go through a successful transition. Add organizational change management PowerPoint templates to control and improve processes for the betterment of an organization as whole. It becomes necessary in the business cycle of an organization to have business process reengineering. Adopt a change and go through a smooth transition with change management introduction PPT slideshow. Break it all down with our Change Management Introduction Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Allow every element to emerge effectively.
Leading change management has come a long way since the time resumes had to be hand-delivered by candidates to apply for a job. No wonder it has grown from being a luxury to a necessity for recruiters.
This Presentation will address the following areas of the hiring cycle:
Change Management and Leadership
Need & Relevance of Change
The Change Process
Approaches to Change
Models of Change
Impact of Change
Resistance to Change
Importance of Change Leadership
Importance of Change Leadership
Change Leadership in Action
For more info:
www.hackerearth.com/recruit
The People Case: How to Convince Your Organisation to Invest in ChangeProsci ANZ
Having trouble convincing your stakeholders of the need to invest in Change Management capability? Do you face a constant challenge promoting the value of Change Management within your organisation?
Hear first-hand our practical tips on how to communicate the return on investment of Change Management.
Organisational change, Innovation and Transformation communicationStephen Tindi
The global business environment is turbulent and successful organisations must effectively communicate change, innovation and transformation to all stakeholders.
This event, held on 26 May 2021, looked at what change management is all about using real life case studies to illustrate key points and learnings.
Presenter: Donna Unitt
You also learned about how you can improve the change capability of your organisation, your teams and individuals.
A lot of what we as project managers do are transformation and change projects that involve people working and behaving in a different way in a new world. Change Management is key to embedding any change.
This session got you to think about your approach to change management in project environments.
https://www.apm.org.uk/news/how-does-change-management-enhance-project-success-webinar/
How to do Change Management for mandatory changeProsci ANZ
Many change projects are mandatory - compliance, regulatory, systems and restructures to name a few. These “No Choice Changes” present special challenges for change practitioners. How can we engage stakeholders when they have no real say in the decision to make the change or the solution? How can we build buy in when there is little What’s in it for Me?
Join our next Change Community of Practice Webinar to tap into the wisdom of our consulting team and share your experiences and lessons learned:
- The challenges of mandatory change
- Snapshot of Prosci Best Practices research findings
- Top 5 tips for effective Change Management
Human resource management refers to the policies and practices involved in carrying out the “people” or human resource aspects of a management position including recruiting, screening, organizational change management, training, and development, rewarding and appraising.
Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of seventy nine slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Change Management Implementation Checklist PowerPoint Presentation Slides complete deck.
Every organization needs to adapt to the ever-changing business environment. Sensing this need, we have come up with these content-ready change management PowerPoint presentation slides. These change management PPT templates will help you deal with any kind of an organizational change. Be it with people, goals or processes. The business solutions incorporated here will help you identify the organizational structure, create vision for change, implement strategies, identify resistance and risk, manage cost of change, get feedback and evaluation, and much more. With the help of various change management tools and techniques illustrated in this presentation design, you can achieve the desired business outcomes. This business transition PowerPoint design also covers certain related topics such as change model, transformation strategy, change readiness, change control, project management and business process. By implementing the change control methods mentioned in the presentation, you will be able to have a smooth transition in an organization. So, without waiting much, download our extensively researched change management framework presentation. With our Change Management Presentation slides, understand the need for change and plan to go through it without any hassles. https://bit.ly/3uYAr4X
Manage the imposed or unplanned change with the help of professionally designed ready-made Change Management Introduction PowerPoint Presentation Slides. Drive an effective change within an organization using change management PPT slides. Get practical organizational change methodologies, frameworks, steps, processes and implement a successful change. Add change management PowerPoint slideshow and aware people in your organization about the change. This complete PowerPoint slideshow covers topics like change management implementation drivers, identify the change, types of change management, forces for change, gap analysis, organization change readiness checklist, etc. These change management introduction PPT slide layouts are editable. You can utilize them as per your organizational need. Make your employees ready for the change and go through a successful transition. Add organizational change management PowerPoint templates to control and improve processes for the betterment of an organization as whole. It becomes necessary in the business cycle of an organization to have business process reengineering. Adopt a change and go through a smooth transition with change management introduction PPT slideshow. Break it all down with our Change Management Introduction Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Allow every element to emerge effectively.
Leading change management has come a long way since the time resumes had to be hand-delivered by candidates to apply for a job. No wonder it has grown from being a luxury to a necessity for recruiters.
This Presentation will address the following areas of the hiring cycle:
Change Management and Leadership
Need & Relevance of Change
The Change Process
Approaches to Change
Models of Change
Impact of Change
Resistance to Change
Importance of Change Leadership
Importance of Change Leadership
Change Leadership in Action
For more info:
www.hackerearth.com/recruit
The People Case: How to Convince Your Organisation to Invest in ChangeProsci ANZ
Having trouble convincing your stakeholders of the need to invest in Change Management capability? Do you face a constant challenge promoting the value of Change Management within your organisation?
Hear first-hand our practical tips on how to communicate the return on investment of Change Management.
Organisational change, Innovation and Transformation communicationStephen Tindi
The global business environment is turbulent and successful organisations must effectively communicate change, innovation and transformation to all stakeholders.
This event, held on 26 May 2021, looked at what change management is all about using real life case studies to illustrate key points and learnings.
Presenter: Donna Unitt
You also learned about how you can improve the change capability of your organisation, your teams and individuals.
A lot of what we as project managers do are transformation and change projects that involve people working and behaving in a different way in a new world. Change Management is key to embedding any change.
This session got you to think about your approach to change management in project environments.
https://www.apm.org.uk/news/how-does-change-management-enhance-project-success-webinar/
How to do Change Management for mandatory changeProsci ANZ
Many change projects are mandatory - compliance, regulatory, systems and restructures to name a few. These “No Choice Changes” present special challenges for change practitioners. How can we engage stakeholders when they have no real say in the decision to make the change or the solution? How can we build buy in when there is little What’s in it for Me?
Join our next Change Community of Practice Webinar to tap into the wisdom of our consulting team and share your experiences and lessons learned:
- The challenges of mandatory change
- Snapshot of Prosci Best Practices research findings
- Top 5 tips for effective Change Management
Human resource management refers to the policies and practices involved in carrying out the “people” or human resource aspects of a management position including recruiting, screening, organizational change management, training, and development, rewarding and appraising.
Enhance your audiences knowledge with this well researched complete deck. Showcase all the important features of the deck with perfect visuals. This deck comprises of total of seventy nine slides with each slide explained in detail. Each template comprises of professional diagrams and layouts. Our professional PowerPoint experts have also included icons, graphs and charts for your convenience. All you have to do is DOWNLOAD the deck. Make changes as per the requirement. Yes, these PPT slides are completely customizable. Edit the colour, text and font size. Add or delete the content from the slide. And leave your audience awestruck with the professionally designed Change Management Implementation Checklist PowerPoint Presentation Slides complete deck.
Organizational Change Management for IT ProjectsDavid Solis
Final project of the Certificate in Innovation and Design Thinking.
Management organizational change framework to ensure the complete success of IT projects
Applying intelligent change readiness to achieve better change webinar
Thursday 14 July 2022
APM Enabling Change Specific Interest Group
Presented by panel members:
Rebecca Collings, Mark Vincent, David Appleyard, Donna Unitt and Ian Pickard
The link to the write up page and resources of this webinar:
https://www.apm.org.uk/news/applying-intelligent-change-readiness-to-achieve-better-change-webinar/
Content description:
An interactive session in which we explored change readiness – what it is and how can it be used more intelligently to enhance benefits and increase adoption of planned changes.
How do we best convert plans for change into effective preparation for and adoption of change?
We discussed the importance and benefits of change readiness. We explored what good change readiness looks like and when it should be done (spoiler alert – ideally more than once!).
Change and project managers can develop their change readiness practices to better understand the commitment to and capacity for planned changes and to target support to smooth the transition for those impacted by or responsible for adopting these.
WHY SOME ORGANISATIONAL CHANGES PERSIST,
WHILE OTHERS DECAY
This report has studied the theory and practice of change management and its constituent elements that are essential for change sustainability in an organization.
The work is focused on the study of people and their resistance to change as one of the integrated elements of the five categories influencing change sustainability: managerial; leadership; cultural; political; temporal.
In this study, an attempt was made to observe options to reduce this resistance, which basically means changing human behavior by creating a teamwork environment, motivation and participating in the change themselves.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
1. CHAPTER 10
MANAGING CHANGES
Strategy in Managing Changes
Education process for Change &
Improvement Actions
Model / Method of Change
Management
BY: UK RAAI A/P CHEN GB120172
2. Definition:
Refers to a set of basic tools or structures
intended to keep any change effort under control
with the goal to minimize the distractions and
impacts of the change (Kotter, 2011).
The process, tools and techniques to manage the
people-side of change to achieve a required
business outcome. (Prosci Inc.)
3. 10.1 Strategies in Managing Change
“Strategies for effective changes”
Assess organizational readiness
Develop future state vision
Engage leader
Communicate
Transition staff
Facilitate individual change
Create organizational alignment
Train
Monitor and remediate
Paton, R. A. & McCalman, J. (2000).
4. STRATEGY 1: ASSESS ORGANIZATIONAL
READINESS
Evaluate the high level impact of changes.
Identify the key point of risk.
Plans to address the key point of risk.
Identify the person involved and impacted in the
process of changes.
5. STRATEGY 2: DEVELOP FUTURE STATE
VISION
Explaining the changes
Analyse and make the comparison of the
outcome.
Decide for future vision.
6. STRATEGY 3: ENGAGE LEADER
Identify the gap between current and future.
Identify individuals that could help in changes
program.
Develop a plan to gain the buy-in and support
of those individuals most critical to success.
8. STRATEGY 5: TRANSITION STAFF
Develop plans for staff transition, deployment,
separations and talent retention.
9. STRATEGY 6: FACILITATE INDIVIDUAL
CHANGES
Build change adaptability skills and help
individuals internalize and move through
the change easily.
10. STRATEGY 7: CREATE ORGANIZATIONAL
ALIGNMENT
Evaluate relevant programs and policies, to
identify points of incongruence and develop
plans for alignment.
12. STRATEGY 9: MONITOR AND REMEDIATE
Measure adoption and performance.
Develop strategies to address problems.
13. 10.2 Education process for Change &
Improvement Actions
The objective of education changes
Factor of changes
Change in education
Improvement action in TVET
14. OBJECTIVE OF EDUCATION CHANGES
To reduce conflict.
To enhance productivity.
As the external and internal motivation.
16. CHANGES IN EDUCATION
Education as the main contributor to the
development of the nations (Fagerlind &
Saha, 1985).
Focus on:
i) Expanding and improving education needs
(enhancing the skills and productivity).
ii) Smart education (Pembestarian
Pendidikan).
iii) ICT engagement
17. CHANGES IN EDUCATION
Implication of changes :
i) Improvement in economical, social and
political sector.
ii) Continuous innovation
iii) Education reformation
18. CHANGES IN EDUCATION – Education
Reformation
SISTEM PENDIDIKAN ANEKA JURUSAN (1965)
PROGRAM SAINS PADUAN DAN MATEMATIK MODEN (1971)
KBSR (1983)
KBSM (1989)
SMART SCHOOL (2000)
PPSMI (2003)
KURIKULUM STANDARD SEKOLAH RENDAH (KSSR)
PENTAKSIRAN BERASASKAN SEKOLAH (PBS)
19. IMPROVEMENT ACTIONS in TVET SECTOR
1926
Trade
School
1967
Transforma
tion for
Vocational
School
1987
SPVM
1991 –
2000
Establishm
ent of 12
Technical
Secondary
School
(SMT)
1996
Vocational
Secondary
School
(SMV)
transforms
into SMT
2002
SMT
transforms
into SMV
2002
Vocational
subject in
daily
school
system
2006
Modular
Curriculum
2013
Vocational
College
(KV)
2016
Diploma
Kemahiran
Malaysia
(DKM)
Diploma
Vokasional
Malaysia
(DVM)
20. 10.3 Model / Method of Change
Management
Kurt Lewin Model of Change
John Kotter’s Leading Change Model
ADKAR Change Management Model
Change Management Model by Dessler
ACOT Model – Apple Classroom of Tomorrow
21. KURT LEWIN CHANGE THEORY
Kurt Lewin change theory and Lewin's three step
model is very much a significant part of change
management strategies for managing change in
the workplace in the 21st century.
Developed during the 1950's and the concept of
'Unfreezing-Transition-Freezing' still remains
very relevant today.
24. Transition
Developing new behaviors, values, and
attitudes, sometimes through organizational
structure and process changes and
development techniques.
There may be a period of some confusion as
we move from the old ways of doing things to
the new.
25. Freezing
When the people, structure, and strategy
element and things are looking well, it is
time to lock things in.
We act here to make sure that the
improvements stick and continue being
applied until the changes become the 'way we
do things around here'.
26. JOHN KOTTER’S LEADING CHANGE
MODEL
The change management according to John
Kotter, is about outlines the eight critical success
factors from establishing a sense of extraordinary
urgency, to creating short-term wins, to changing
the culture ("the way we do things around here").
Kotter say's "Leaders who successfully
transform businesses do eight things right
(and they do them in the right order)."
27. JOHN KOTTER’S 8 STEP OF LEADING CHANGE MODEL
1. Establishing a sense of urgency.
. 2. Forming a powerful guiding coalition.
3. Creating a vision.
4. Communicating the vision.
5. Empowering others to act on the vision.
6. Planning for and creating short-term wins.
7. Consolidating improvements and producing still more change.
8. Institutionalizing new approaches.
Read further at http://www.change-management-consultant.com/john-kotter.html
28. ADKAR CHANGE MANAGEMENT
MODEL
ADKAR describes the required phases
that an individual will go through when
faced with change.
ADKAR is a foundational tool for
understanding ―how, why and when‖ to
use different change management tools.
29. The five building blocks of
successful change
Awareness
of the need for change
Desire
to participate and support
the change
Knowledge
on how to change
Ability
to implement required skills
and behaviors
Reinforcement
to sustain the change
30. AWARENESS
Awareness of the need for change for whole
organization.
Through communication activities within the
organization.
Let the people in the organization aware of:
- What is the nature of the change?
- Why is the change happening?
- What is the risk of not changing?
31. DESIRE
Desire to support the change.
Personal motivation to support the
change.
Organizational drivers to support the
change.
32. KNOWLEDGE
Knowledge on how to change.
Knowledge, skills and behaviours
required during and after the change.
Understanding on how to change.
33. ABILITY
Ability to implement new skills.
Demonstrated ability to implement the
change.
Barriers that may inhibit when
implementing the change.
35. CHANGE MANAGEMENT by DESSLER
(1995)
Phase 1: Change towards productivity
enhancement
This change affects certain parts of the organization
such as the change in the organizational structure,
introducing new technologies and provide staff
development program to increase the commitment
and productivity.
36. CHANGE MANAGEMENT by DESSLER
Phase 2: Changes in the organization's strategic.
Changes made according to surrounding and involved
whole organizations such as redefine organizational’s role,
changes in the organization's core values, mission and
vision remodelling and changes in organizational strategy
and structure.
37. CHANGE MANAGEMENT by DESSLER
Phase 3: Reactive changes (with reaction)
These changes occur due to the direct reaction of
customers and other interested parties (stakeholders).
Sensitivity of customers and stakeholders on environmental
issues and ethics requires an organization to make
changes.
Examples of changes: PPSMI (Studies in mathematics and
science) which is changed into English language.
38. CHANGE MANAGEMENT by DESSLER
Phase 4: Changes resulting from the expected
(awareness)
Changes do not due to the insistence of customers
but because of awareness among management
that changes will be necessary to ensure the
organization obtain competitive advantages.
39. ACOT Model- Apple Classroom of
Tomorrow
During the mid-1980s, a time of great
excitement about using technology to
enhance education, thus educators at
Apple Inc. proposed a simple experiment.
They would create environments in which
technology was used as routinely as paper
and books—and then observe the effects
on teaching and learning.
40. ACOT MODEL
STAGE
WHAT TEACHER CAN DO FOR THE
CHANGE?
ENTRY
Learn the basic of using the new technology.
ADOPTION
Use new technology to support traditional
instruction.
ADAPTATION
Integrate new technology into traditional
practice.
APPROPRIATION
Focus on cooperative project based and
interdisciplinary work-incorporating the
technology as needed and as one of many
tools.
INVENTION
Discover new uses for technology tools.
41. REFERENCES
i.
ADKAR Change Management: creating changes in individuals. eba.com. Retrieved
December 20, 2013, from http://www.educational-business-articles.com/ADKAR-changemanagement.html
ii.
Apple Classrooms of Tomorrow- Today Learning in the 21st Century: Background
Information. Retrieved December 18, 2013, from http://www.acot2.com
iii.
Cameron, E. & Green, M. (2004). Making Sense of Change Management: A complete
Guide to the Models, Tools & Techniques of Organizational Change. London: Kogan
Page Limited.
iv.
Dessler, G. (1995). Managing organizations in an era of change. Texas: Dryden Press.
v.
Fagerlind, I. & Saha, L. J. (1985). Education and National Development: A Comparative
Perspective. European Journal of Education. Vol. 20, No. 1. pp. 88-90.
vi.
Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail. Harvard Business
Review (March-April), 59-67. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing Corp.
vii.
Kritsonis, A. (2005). Comparison of Change Theory. International Journal Of
Management, Business, And Administration. Volume 8, Number 1, 2005.
viii.
Paton, R. A. & McCalman, J. (2000). Change Management: A Guide to Effective
Implementation. California: SAGE Publications Ltd.