People in Motion: The Atlantic World to 1950
-The First Americans
-European Civilization
-Columbus and the Columbian Exchange
-West African Worlds
-European Colonization of the Atlantic World
Christianity and America Presentation: Group AJustin Harbin
Class project from HUM422 Christianity and American Culture. This covers a general overview and analysis of the nature of the interactions between Christianity and America across a given time period.
Christianity and America Presentation: Group AJustin Harbin
Class project from HUM422 Christianity and American Culture. This covers a general overview and analysis of the nature of the interactions between Christianity and America across a given time period.
For part 2 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose ONLY 1 essay question .docxrhetttrevannion
For part 2 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose
ONLY 1 essay question
from the list below, which covers chapters 1 and 2 in the textbook. Grades will be based on the content of the answer and must be
more than 300 words
in length. Direct quotes do not count toward the required word count.
Part 2 Essay Questions:
1 - Compare Indian society with that of the Europeans. What differences were there? Similarities? Be sure to include in your analysis ideas about religion, land, and gender roles as well as notions of freedom.
2 - The sophistication and diversity of the peoples in the early Americas are remarkable. Explore that diversity in an essay that discusses early Native American culture, architecture, religion, gender relations, economy, and views of freedom.
3 - The Spanish had a long history of conquering in the name of God. From the
reconquista
to the
conquistadores
to the settlement of the New World, Spain justified its conquests as a mission to save the souls of heathens—while putting them to work in subhuman conditions. Explore this paradox of conquering and killing in the name of saving. Remember to think about what else was going on in the world at that time with regard to the Protestant Reformation and the Inquisition.
4 - What was a borderland? Compare the roles the French, Dutch, and Indians played in the borderlands of North America. In the seventeenth century, did any group have an advantage? Explain your answer.
5 - Many degrees of freedom coexisted in seventeenth-century North America. Discuss the various definitions of freedom. Be sure to include slaves, indentured servants, women, Indians, property owners, and Puritans in your discussion. Identify any similarities and differences among these different versions of freedom.
6 - Explain the reasons behind the various conflicts between the English and the Indians. How do differing perceptions of land and liberty fit into the story? How do trade and religion play a part?
7 - John Winthrop distinguished between natural and moral liberty. What was the difference? How did moral liberty work, and how did Puritans define liberty and freedom? Discuss the restrictions of moral liberty and the consequences as illustrated by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson. Be sure to address Winthrop’s speech in the “Voices of Freedom” box.
8 - Compare the Chesapeake and New England colonies. Explore the various reasons for the colonists’ emigrating to the New World, their economies, gender roles, demographics, religion, and relations with the Indians. How did land ownership compare from one region to the other? Which pattern of settlement is more representative of American development after the seventeenth century?
PART 3:
For part 3 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose
ONLY 1 essay question
from the list below, which covers chapters 3 and 4 in the textbook. Grades will be based on the content of the answer and must be
more than 300 words
in length. Direct quotes do not count toward the require.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Chapter 1- People in Motion: The Atlantic World to 1950
1. 1 Visions of America, A History of the United States
CHAPTER
People in Motion
The Atlantic World to 1590
1
1 Visions of America, A History of the United States
2. 2 Visions of America, A History of the United States
3. People in Motion
I. The First Americans
II. European Civilization in Turmoil
III. Columbus and the Columbian Exchange
IV. West African Worlds
V. European Colonization of the Atlantic
World
THE ATLANTIC WORLD TO 1590
3 Visions of America, A History of the United States
4. The First Americans
A. Migration, Settlement, and the Rise of
Agriculture
B. The Aztec
C. Mound Builders and Pueblo Dwellers
D. Eastern Woodlands Indian Societies
E. American Societies on the Eve of
European Contact
4 Visions of America, A History of the United States
5. The First Americans
Paleo-Indians − The name given by
scientists to the first inhabitants of the
Americas, an Ice Age people who survived
largely by hunting big game and to a lesser
extent by collecting edible plants and fishing
5 Visions of America, A History of the United States
6. Migration, Settlement, and the
Rise of Agriculture
What theories account for the mass
extinction of large mammals in the
Americas?
Why did Paleo-Indians migrate to the
Americas?
6 Visions of America, A History of the United States
7. Migration, Settlement, and the
Rise of Agriculture
What were the chief advantages of fixed
agriculture, and how did fixed agriculture
contribute to the rise of more complex
civilizations?
What impact did agriculture have on the
evolution of the societies of the Americas?
7 Visions of America, A History of the United States
8. Migration, Settlement, and the
Rise of Agriculture
Archaic Era − Period beginning
approximately nine thousand years ago
lasting an estimated six thousand years;
marked by more intensive efforts on the part
of ancient societies to shape the
environment to enhance food production
8 Visions of America, A History of the United States
9. 9 Visions of America, A History of the United States
10. 10 Visions of America, A History of the United States
11. 11 Visions of America, A History of the United States
12. The Aztec
What role did commerce play in Aztec
culture?
12 Visions of America, A History of the United States
13. The Aztecs
Aztec Empire − Led by the Mexica tribe, the
Aztecs created a powerful empire. Its
capital, Tenochtitlán, was created on an
island in Lake Texcoco in 1325 CE.
13 Visions of America, A History of the United States
14. Mound Builders and Pueblo Dwellers
What role did trade play in ancient American
societies?
14 Visions of America, A History of the United States
15. Eastern Woodlands Indian Societies
How did Eastern Woodlands Indian and
Mesoamerican societies differ?
15 Visions of America, A History of the United States
16. 16 Visions of America, A History of the United States
17. American Societies on the
Eve of European Contact
What were some of the distinctive
characteristics shared by all of the societies
of the Americas?
What were the chief similarities between the
civilizations of Africa and Asia and those of
the Americas? What were the differences?
17 Visions of America, A History of the United States
18. European Civilization in Turmoil
A. The Allure of the East and the
Challenge of Islam
B. Trade, Commerce, and Urbanization
C. Renaissance and Reformation
D. New Monarchs and the Rise of the
Nation-State
18 Visions of America, A History of the United States
19. The Allure of the East and the
Challenge of Islam
What trade goods from Asia were most
sought after by Europeans?
19 Visions of America, A History of the United States
20. The Allure of the East and the
Challenge of Islam
Islam − Monotheistic faith whose teachings
followed the word of the prophet Muhammad
and whose followers controlled most of the
overland trade routes to the Far East
20 Visions of America, A History of the United States
21. Trade, Commerce, and Urbanization
How did printing affect European society?
What impact did new technology have on
the course of European expansion in the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?
21 Visions of America, A History of the United States
22. Trade, Commerce, and Urbanization
Capitalism − An economic system in which
the market economy determines the prices
of goods and services
22 Visions of America, A History of the United States
23. 23 Visions of America, A History of the United States
24. Competing Visions
EUROPEAN AND HURON VIEWS OF NATURE
24 Visions of America, A History of the United States
Huron
believed that
animals had
spirits and
should be
respected.
Europeans
believed they
had a God-
given right to
rule over
nature.
What are the possible ecological consequences of
each of these views?
25. Competing Visions
How does this painting
by John White
demonstrate the Huron’s
attitude toward nature?
EUROPEAN AND HURON VIEWS OF NATURE
25 Visions of America, A History of the United States
26. Competing Visions
How does this painting
of Adam and Eve reflect
European views of
nature?
EUROPEAN AND HURON VIEWS OF NATURE
26 Visions of America, A History of the United States
27. Renaissance and Reformation
What were the most important ideas
associated with the Renaissance?
What were the essential teachings of
Calvinism?
Why did Calvinists wish to remove all icons
from their churches?
27 Visions of America, A History of the United States
28. Renaissance and Reformation
Humanists – Emphasized the human
capacity for self-improvement
Reformation – The movement for religious
reform started by Martin Luther
28 Visions of America, A History of the United States
29. 29 Visions of America, A History of the United States
30. New Monarchs and the
Rise of the Nation-State
How was the English Reformation different
than the Continental Reformation?
30 Visions of America, A History of the United States
31. New Monarchs and the
Rise of the Nation-State
• Spanish Inquisition – A Spanish tribunal
devoted to finding and punishing heresy
and rooting out Spain’s Jews and Muslims
31 Visions of America, A History of the United States
32. 32 Visions of America, A History of the United States
33. Columbus Encounters the “Indians”
What was the Columbian Exchange?
What role did disease play in the Columbian
Exchange?
33 Visions of America, A History of the United States
34. Columbus Encounters the “Indians”
Columbian Exchange – The term used by
modern scholars to describe the biological
encounter between the two sides of the
Atlantic, including the movement of plants,
animals, and diseases
34 Visions of America, A History of the United States
35. 35 Visions of America, A History of the United States
36. European Technology in the
Era of the Columbian Exchange
What impact did new technology have on
the course of European overseas expansion
in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?
What technological advances facilitated
European expansionism?
36 Visions of America, A History of the United States
37. 37 Visions of America, A History of the United States
38. The Conquest of the
Aztec and Inca Empires
What role did disease play in the Spanish
conquest of the Aztecs?
38 Visions of America, A History of the United States
39. 39 Visions of America, A History of the United States
40. West African Worlds
A. West African Societies, Islam, and
Trade
B. The Portuguese-African Connection
C. African Slavery
40 Visions of America, A History of the United States
41. West African Societies,
Islam, and Trade
What were the major religious traditions of
Africa?
41 Visions of America, A History of the United States
42. 42 Visions of America, A History of the United States
43. The Portuguese-African Connection
What arguments were used to justify the
enslavement of the Guanche?
43 Visions of America, A History of the United States
44. 44 Visions of America, A History of the United States
45. African Slavery
What role did slaves play in African
societies?
45 Visions of America, A History of the United States
46. Choices and Consequences
• Taking captured opponents as slaves was
traditional African practice
• Portuguese wanted to trade goods for
these slaves
• Oba (King) of Benin faced with choice of
whether to continue this trade
BENIN, PORTUGAL, AND THE INTERNATIONAL SLAVE TRADE
46 Visions of America, A History of the United States
47. Choices and Consequences
Choices regarding slave trade
BENIN, PORTUGAL, AND THE INTERNATIONAL SLAVE TRADE
47 Visions of America, A History of the United States
Cut off all trade
with the
Portuguese
Continue to trade
with the
Portuguese,
including the
slave trade
Continue to trade
with the
Portuguese, but
refuse to engage in
slave trade
48. Choices and Consequences
Decision and
Consequences
• Continued to trade
with Portuguese
• Restricted trade in
male slaves
• Allowed Benin to
prosper and maintain
autonomy
BENIN, PORTUGAL, AND THE INTERNATIONAL SLAVE TRADE
48 Visions of America, A History of the United States
What theories account for Benin’s ability to resist
involvement in the international slave trade?
49. Choices and Consequences
Continuing Controversies
•What does the kingdom of Benin’s
experiences with the slave trade reveal
about the nature of African slavery?
BENIN, PORTUGAL, AND THE INTERNATIONAL SLAVE TRADE
49 Visions of America, A History of the United States
50. European Colonization of the
Atlantic World
A. The Black Legend and the Creation of
New Spain
B. Fishing and Furs: France’s North
Atlantic Empire
C. English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia
50 Visions of America, A History of the United States
51. 51 Visions of America, A History of the United States
52. The Black Legend and the
Creation of New Spain
What was the Black Legend?
What does the architecture of the central
plaza of Mexico City tell us about Spain’s
approach to colonization?
52 Visions of America, A History of the United States
53. The Black Legend and the
Creation of New Spain
How did Spanish city planning and
architecture help reinforce the power of the
state and the church in the Americas?
What types of labor systems were employed
in the Spanish colonies?
53 Visions of America, A History of the United States
54. 54 Visions of America, A History of the United States
55. 55 Visions of America, A History of the United States
56. Fishing and Furs:
France’s North Atlantic Empire
What were the most important differences
between New France and New Spain?
Compare the impact of Spanish, French,
and English approaches to colonization on
the indigenous populations of the Americas.
56 Visions of America, A History of the United States
57. 57 Visions of America, A History of the United States
58. English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia
Why did England enter the race for colonies
in the Atlantic world so late?
What lessons did the English learn from
their experiences in Ireland?
58 Visions of America, A History of the United States
59. English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia
What is the symbolic importance of the
position of Queen Elizabeth’s hand in the
Armada portrait?
59 Visions of America, A History of the United States
60. English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia
Plantation − An English settlement or
fortified outpost in a foreign land dedicated
to producing agricultural products for exports
•Later the term would become synonymous
with a distinctive slave-based labor system
used in much of the Atlantic world.
60 Visions of America, A History of the United States
61. English Expansion: Ireland and Virginia
Privateers − Englishmen engaged in a form
of state-sponsored piracy, usually directed
against Spanish treasure fleets returning
from the Americas
61 Visions of America, A History of the United States
62. 62 Visions of America, A History of the United States
63. Images as History
• Why did de Bry want to appeal to both
Catholics and Protestants?
• What did de Bry leave out of his images to
give them broader appeal?
• How do de Bry’s images differ from John
White’s paintings?
MARKETING THE NEW WORLD:
THEODORE DE BRY’S ENGRAVINGS OF THE AMERICAS
63 Visions of America, A History of the United States
64. Images as History
The Latin text describes
the idol as “a horrible
effigy made in the form of
a misshapen evil-demon”
A monstrous pagan
sculpture dominates the
image
The natives’ lack of
clothing demonstrates
that they are uncivilized
and primitive
MARKETING THE NEW WORLD:
THEODORE DE BRY’S ENGRAVINGS OF THE AMERICAS
64 Visions of America, A History of the United States