Here are the key points about the last characteristic of Weber's bureaucracy:
- Official positions exist in their own right, separate from the people holding the positions. The positions continue even if individuals come and go.
- Job holders are appointed based on technical qualifications only. Personal relationships and attributes are irrelevant for appointment or promotion.
- Career advancement is based on seniority and merit rather than personal favoritism. There is a clear hierarchy and promotion depends on demonstrating expertise over time.
- Job holders have life tenure, as long as they perform adequately. They cannot be removed due to personal conflicts or changes in leadership. This protects them from political pressures and ensures continuity in administration.
In summary, the last characteristic emphasizes