curcumin treatment by cerebral malaria

1. Simultaneously targeting inflammatory response and parasite
sequestration in brain to treat experimental cerebral malaria
-Scientific Reports
Presented by:
Vandana
MS Pharm
(Biotechnology)
Chaitanya Dende, Jairam Meena,Perumal Nagarajan, Amulya K. Panda, Pundi N.
Rangarajan, and Govindarajan Padmanaban
(Dept. of Biochemistry, I. I. Sc. Bengaluru)

2. Cerebral malaria
 If parasite filled blood cells block small blood vessels to our brain called as
cerebral malaria.
 Swelling of our brain or brain damage may occur.
 Cerebral malaria may cause coma.

3. Epidemiology of malaria
World
•300-500 million cases(90% in africa)
•1.1-2.7 million deaths annually
India
• 2.5-3 million cases/yr
• 1000 death/yr(under estimate)
Mortality
• 32% in rajasthan
• 10% in south india.

4. Symptoms :
 Fever
 Coma
 Anemia
 Hypoglycemia
 Seizures

5. Plasmodium
sp.
Vivax Berghei falciparum
Causal organisms

6. Curcumin
 Curcumin is a diarylheptanoid.
 It is the principal curcuminoid of turmeric
 Family (Zingiberaceae)
 The curcuminoids are natural phenols that are
responsible for the yellow color of turmeric.
USE
 Antimalarial
 Antiinflamatory
 Anticancer

7. Result
 Effect of curcumin on mortality and parasitemia in the
Experimental Cerebral Malaria (ECM) model :

8. Effect of curcumin on blood brain barrier
and pRBC sequestration

11. Effect of curcumin on parameters of inflammation
associated with leukocyte sequestration in the brain

14. FACS analysis to assess sequestration of CD3+/CD8+,
CXCR3+/CD3+/CD8+, CD8+/IFN gamma+ in brain leukocytes

15. FACS analysis to assess sequestration of CD3+/CD8+,
CXCR3+/CD3+/CD8+, CD8+/IFN gamma+ in brain leukocytes

16. Effect of combination therapy after the onset of neurological
symptoms

17. Conclusion
 Curcumin was able to reverse all the parameters investigated in
this study that govern inflammatory responses.
 CD8+T cell and pRBC sequestration into the brain and blood
brain barrier (BBB) breakdown.
 Arteether-curcumin(AC) combination therapy even after the
onset of symptoms provided complete cure.

18. Reference
 WHO World Malaria Report 2014 - World Health Organization, Geneva.
Available
at:www.who.int/malaria/publications/world_malaria_report_2014/en/
(2014). Accessed January 2nd, 2015.
 Guidelines for the treatment of malaria. 2nd Edition. World Health
Organization, Geneva. 35-Available
at:http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241547925_eng.
pdf?ua=1 (2010). Accessed January 2nd, 2015.
 Hunt, N. H. & Grau, G. E. Cytokines: accelerators and brakes in the
pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. Trends Immunol. 24, 491–499
(2003).

19.  Berendt, A. R., Turner, G. D. H. & Newbold, C. I. Cerebral malaria:
the sequestration hypothesis. Parasitol. Today. 10, 412–414
(1994).
 Taylor, T. E. et al. Differentiating the pathologies of cerebral
malaria by postmortem parasite counts. Nature Med. 10, 143–
145 (2004).
 White, N. J., Turner, G. D. H., Medana, I. M., Dondorp, A. M. &
Day, N. P. J. The murine cerebral malaria phenomenon. Trends
Parasitol. 26, 11–15 (2010).