The document provides an overview of the global cement industry, including: 1) Cement is the second most consumed material worldwide and provides employment for over a million people globally. It is essential for infrastructure development. 2) The modern Portland cement was first produced in 1824 by Joseph Aspdin in England and was used in the Thames River tunnel construction in 1828. 3) The Indian cement industry is dominated by a few major companies and has an annual production capacity of over 455 million tons as of 2017-18. Growth is expected from housing and infrastructure projects.

1. Hrishikesh Chaudhari
Shanmukh Tathe
Rohit Jogdand

2. INTRODUCTION
Cement - an essential component of
infrastructure development -important input of
construction industry- for the country’s
socioeconomic growth
Second most consumed material on the
planet
Providing employment to more than a
million people, directly or indirectly attracted
huge investments, from both Indian and
foreign investors, making it the second largest
in the world
Currently in a turnaround phase, trying to
achieve global standards in production, safety,
and energy efficiency
HISTORY
The history of cement goes back into Roman
Empire.
The modern day cement that is Portland
cement was first produced by a British stone
mason, Joseph Aspdin in 1824, who cooked
cement in his kitchen. He heated a mixture of
limestone and clay powder in his kitchen, and
grind the mixture into powder creating cement,
that hardens when mixed with water. The name
Portland was given by the inventor as it
resembles a stone quarried on the Isle of
Portland.
The first use of modern day Portland cement
was in the tunnel construction in the Thames
River in 1828.

3. Global Analysis
DIFFERENT TYPES
OF CEMENT
 Ordinary Portland Cement
(OPC)
 Portland Pozolona Cement
(PPC)
 Portland Blast Furnace Slag
Cement (PBFSC)
 White Cement
 Specialized Cement

4. Global Analysis
Manufacture procedure of
Portland cement
● Flo
Mixing of raw material
The mixing procedure of the
manufacture of cement is done in two methods
1. Dry Process
2. Wet Process
Burning
Grinding
Storage and Packaging

5. Global Analysis
Major Engineering Problem
 Types of grinding
 Kiln design
 Heat Economy
 Quality control
Environmental Impact
 Greenhouse gas emissions from cement
manufacturing pose a serious environmental threat
 Currently, the cement industry generates 5% of
India's total carbon-dioxide emissions
 With stringent emission norms, the production
process needs to be made environmentally
sustainable
 The cost of implementing new production processes
that help reduce emissions can be offset by trading
certified emission reductions (CERs)
 CERs are a component of national and international
emissions trading schemes, implemented through
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects, in
an attempt to mitigate global warming
 Credits obtained through implement

6. Market Survey
Market Size
 India’s total cement production capacity is
nearly 455 million tonnes, as of 2017-18.
 Cement consumption is expected to grow by
4.5 per cent in FY19 supported by pick-up in
the housing segment and higher infrastructure
spending.
 The industry is currently producing 280 MT for
meetings its domestic demand and 5 MT for
exports requirement.
 The Indian cement industry is dominated by a
few companies. The top 20 cement companies
account for almost 70 per cent of the total
cement production of the country

7. Market Survey
Major manufactures
 UltraTech Cement
 Shree Cements
 Ambuja Cements
 ACC
 Binani Cement
 Ramco Cements – Supergrade
 OCL India
 Birla Corp

8. Market Survey
Future Scope & MarketApplication
 It is used in mortar for plastering, masonry
work, pointing, etc.
 It is used for making joints for drains and pipes.
 It is used for water tightness of structure.
 It is used in concrete for laying floors, roofs and
constructing lintels, beams, stairs, pillars etc.
 It is used where a hard surface is required for
the protection of exposed surfaces of structures
against the destructive agents of the weather and
certain organic or inorganic chemicals.
 It is used for precast pipes manufacturing, piles,
fencing posts etc.
 It is used in the construction of important
engineering structures such as bridges, culverts,
tunnels, lighthouses etc.
 It is used in the preparation of foundations,
watertight floors, footpaths etc.
 The growth primarily is expected from
new housing.
 Robust investments are being made by
the existing players to expand their
capacity /Profit.
 Metro rail projects already underway in
most major cities.
 Strong focus of government, 100 smart
cities planned.
 In Budget 2018-19, Government of India
announced setting up of an Affordable
Housing Fund of Rs 25,000 crore which
will be utilized for easing credit to
homebuyers .The move is expected to
boost the demand of cement from the
housing segment.

9. Economical Analysis
Investment -
According to data released by the
Department of Industrial Policy and
Promotion (DIPP), cement and gypsum
products attracted foreign direct investment
(FDI) worth US$ 3,084.89 million between
April 2000 and December 2014
Major investments in Indian cement
industry are:
 Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Ltd has invested around
Rs 2,000 crore (US$ 321.12 million) in expanding
its business in North East over the past two years
 JK Cement is planning to invest Rs 1,500 crore
(US$ 231.7 million) over the next 3 to 4 years to
increase its production capacity at its Mangrol plant
 JSW Group plans to expand its cement production
capacity to 30 million tonnes per annum (MTPA)
from 5 MTPA now by setting up grinding units
closer to its steel plants.
 JSW Cement Ltd has planned to set up a 3 MTPA
clinkerisation plant at Chittapur in Karnataka at an
estimated cost of Rs 2,500 crore (US$ 401.55
million)
 Andhra Cements Ltd has commenced the
commercial production in the company's cement
plants – Durga Cement Works at Dachepalli, Guntur
and Visakha Cement Works at Visakhapatnam In
March 2018, Ambuja cement has invest Rs 1,391
crore (US$ 214.86 million) for setting up a 1.7
MTPA greenfield clinker plant in Rajasthan

10. Economical Analysis
Economy Trending
Cement is one of the core industries and an important
contributor in infrastructure growth. Cement has a
direct co-relation of 1:1.2 with the GDP. But, it has
witnessed lower growth than GDP. In view of the
downward revision of the previous year’s production
figures from 251.12 Mn.t. to 248.23 Mn.t. by the
Govt., the percentage growth has gone down by 1.25
points from 8.95% to 7.7% .As per the Economic
Survey 2013-14, GDP growth is expected to be 5.4%
– 5.9% in 2014-15, and will increase gradually
thereafter.
The capacity utilization in the Cement Industry was
94% in 2007-08 which has been declining since then
to around 70% mainly due to mismatch between the
supply and cement demand. This has created a
situation of excess idle capacity of over 100 Mn.t., a
dead investment to the magnitude of Rs.62,500 corers
in cost.
The Cement Industry is optimistic that the thrust
and importance given in the Union Budget 2014-15
for the development of National Highways, Rural
and Urban Roads, Affordable Housing, Port
Connectivity, Development of 100 Smart Cities,
etc. should help in boosting the muted growth of the
Cement Industry.

11. Economical Analysis
Import and export
 India’s exports of cement, clinker and
asbestos cement increased (at CAGR )10.37
percent between FY12-FY18
 During the same period imports of cement,
clinker and asbestos cement increased (at a
CAGR ) 11.14 percent in FY18.
 The country’s top export destinations for
cement, clinker and asbestos cement in FY18
are Nepal, Sri Lanka, USA, Maldives and
UK.
 The country’s top five import sources for
cement, clinker and asbestos cement in FY18
are Pakistan, Bangladesh, Japan, Vietnam