This document discusses improving transparency and reporting over time under the Paris Agreement. It highlights that parties have requested the Ad Hoc Working Group to take into account facilitating improved reporting and transparency over time when developing guidelines. It also notes that the Capacity-building Initiative for Transparency aims to assist in the improvement of transparency over time. The document then examines Japan's evolution of its MRV system development over time and discusses barriers to implementing MRV systems in developing countries.

1. Flexibility in Reporting – Improvement Over Time
CCGX Meeting
Paris
9 October 2018
Amr Osama Abdel-Aziz, Ph. D.
Egypt

2. Improvement Over Time - Para 92 / CP.1
 92. Also requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement in
developing the recommendations for the modalities, procedures and
guidelines referred to in paragraph 91 above to take into account, inter alia:
(a) The importance of facilitating improved reporting and transparency
over time;
Improvement over time

3. Improvement Over Time - Para 85 / CP.1
 85. Also decides that the Capacity-building Initiative for Transparency will
aim:
(a) To strengthen national institutions for transparency-related activities in line
with national priorities;
(b) To provide relevant tools, training and assistance for meeting the provisions
stipulated in Article 13 of the Agreement;
(c) To assist in the improvement of transparency over time;
Improvement over time

4. Evolution of MRV System Development - Japan
Source: Supporting Materials for preparing GHG Inventories, BURs, and NCs4

5. Source: Supporting Materials for preparing GHG Inventories, BURs, and NCs5
Evolution of MRV System Development - Japan

6. Source: Supporting Materials for preparing GHG Inventories, BURs, and NCs6
Evolution of MRV System Development - Japan

7. Source: Supporting Materials for preparing GHG Inventories, BURs, and NCs7
Evolution of MRV System Development - Japan

8. Source: Supporting Materials for preparing GHG Inventories, BURs, and NCs8
Evolution of MRV System Development - Japan

9. Barriers for Implementing MRV in Developing Countries
 Absence of an MRV system in most countries
 Awareness
 Lack of awareness of decision makers on the importance and need for
an MRV system
 Lack of awareness on relationship between development actions and
mitigation
 Legal Setup
 Absence of legal instrument to mandate data sharing
 Institutional setup
 Ad-hoc process in most countries which relies on temporary projects
 Lack of coordination between institutions which provides activity data
or implements mitigation or adaptation actions
 Statistics office not formally involved in the process

10. Barriers for Implementing MRV in Developing Countries
 Procedural Setup
 No clear responsibilities for data collection
 No standardized methods or template for data collection
 Technical Capacity
 Lack of capacity regarding
 Estimation methodologies
 Quantification of mitigation actions
 MRV of climate finance
 Data management and archiving

11. Barriers for Implementing MRV in Developing Countries
 Data Management
 Climate related data not embedded within existing data collection
systems
 Absence of archiving systems for data
 Data Quality
 Poor data with high uncertainties in specific sub-sectors e.g. waste and
biomass utilization
 No QA/QC activities conducted for most sectors
 Resources
 Understaffing of coordinating body for MRV in most countries
 Lack of financial resources for implementing a sustainable MRV system

12. Proposed Institutional Setup Concept - Egypt
Climate
Change
Central
Department
1. Inventory MRV
2. Mitigations MRV
3. Support MRV
4. Adaptation MRV
Four Track MRV System
UNFCCCNCCC

13. Proposed Institutional Setup Concept - Egypt

14. Conclusions Implementation of MRV system in sub-sectors requires
 Institutional setup concept
 Data collection forms
 QA/QC plan
Implementation in Sub-Sectors
Cement Sub-sector in Ethiopia Grid Electricity Sub-sector in Nigeria Waste Sector in Egypt

15. Example for a Sub-Sector Institutional Set-Up - Ethiopia

16. Example for a Data Collection Template - Waste Sector

17. Priority Areas for Improving Reporting
 Development of the infrastructure of the MRV System
 Development of the Institutional setup
 Development of the Legal framework
 Development of the procedural setup in all sub-sectors
 Mainstreaming climate change into strategies, action plans and projects in
different Ministries

18. Role of Paris Agreement
 Review process should continue to be conducted in a facilitative manner for
developing countries
 Review process should focus on identification of capacity building needs in
developing countries
 Capacity building Initiative for Transparency should focus on building the
infrastructure needed for MRV

19. Conclusion
 Capacity building needed for developing countries is not simply related to
raising technical capacity
 Building the capacity of developing countries should focus on development and
implementation of the legal, institutional and procedural setups needed for a
functional MRV system
 This is expected to be in the range of 15 to 20 years, depending on
capacity of the country

20. Thank you