This document summarizes information about snoring. It defines snoring as a sound produced during sleep due to turbulent airflow. Snoring is caused by vibrations of the soft tissues in the throat and mouth, such as the soft palate, uvula, and tonsils. Common factors that can cause or worsen snoring include dreams, mouth shape, nasal obstruction, alcohol, and being overweight. The document provides statistics on snoring prevalence and discusses the effects of snoring such as sleep disturbances, medical problems, and daytime sleepiness. It outlines treatments for snoring including lifestyle changes, oral appliances, surgery, and continuous positive airway pressure.
Snoring has a much greater clinical impact on Women and Children. The condition we know as snoring is in fact much more serious. Snoring is the sound that partial airway obstruction makes.
1. Sleep Apnea Prepared by: dr. Mohamad Ghazi 1
2. Outline: • Sleep Apnea definition • Epidemiology • Types of Sleep Apnea • Risk factors for Obstructive sleep apnea • Diagnosis • OSA can increase the risk of ? • Treatment Options for Sleep Apnea • Conclusion 2
3. Sleep Apnea is defined as the stopping of airflow during sleep and preventing air from entering the lungs caused by an obstruction.(1) What is Sleep Apnea? 1.British Snoring & Sleep Apnoea Association . 2. Orthodontics - Current Principles and Techniques - Graber 5th edition - 2011 Just as allergic disease significantly affects quality of life, obstructive sleep apnea, if it is untreated, may affect adversely the ability of adults and children to function adequately at work and at school.(2) 3
4. 4
5. Is Sleep Apnea Significant Health Issue ? 22 million Americans suffer from sleep apnea, with 80 percent of the cases of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea undiagnosed. (3) 3.American Sleep Apnea Association 4.Young et al 1993 5.Young et al 2002 15. Marcus CL, Brooks LJ, Draper KA, Gozal D, Halbower AC, Jones J, et al. Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 2012; 130: 576-84. EPIDEMIOLOGY: OSA present in 25-58% of Male and 10-37% of Female. (4)(5) According to a report by American Academy of Pediatrics, depends on the population studied, the prevalence of OSAS is in the range of 1% to 5% (15) 5
6. Types of Sleep Apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep apnea. It occurs when the soft tissue in the back of your throat relaxes during sleep and blocks the airway, often causing you to snore loudly. 6
7. Central sleep apnea is a much less common type of sleep apnea that involves the central nervous system, occurring when the brain fails to signal the muscles that control breathing. People with central sleep apnea seldom snore. Complex sleep apnea is a combination of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea. A) Obstructive sleep apnea. Note continued chest and abdominal effort in the absence of airflow. B) Central sleep apnea. Note absence of chest and abdominal effort, as well as absence of airflow 7
8. You have a higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea if you are: Overweight ??? (Most Important Factor) 5.Young et al 2002 6.National Institutes of Health 14.Malhotra et al 2002 • About 70% of those with OSA are obese (14) • Higher BMI associated with higher prevalence – BMI>30: 26% with AHI>15, 60% with AHI>5 – BMI>40: 33% with AHI>15, 98% with AHI>5 Obese people have extrinsic narrowing of the area surrounding collapsible region of the pharynx and regional soft tissue enlargement. Increased fat deposits posteriolateral to oropharyngeal airspace at level of soft palate, in the soft palate, and in submental area. Risk factors for Obstructive sleep apnea(6) 8
9. • Sex : Male are more likely than Female to have sleep apnea. • Age : the risk increases as you get older. • A family history of sleep apnea.
There is almost zero awareness in India that many amongst us maybe living with Sleep Apnoea, which left untreated could be life threatening tomorrow. This largely undiagnosed and untreated sleeping disorder puts both adults and children at risk of developing behavioural and medical problems with far reaching consequences.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Snoring has a much greater clinical impact on Women and Children. The condition we know as snoring is in fact much more serious. Snoring is the sound that partial airway obstruction makes.
1. Sleep Apnea Prepared by: dr. Mohamad Ghazi 1
2. Outline: • Sleep Apnea definition • Epidemiology • Types of Sleep Apnea • Risk factors for Obstructive sleep apnea • Diagnosis • OSA can increase the risk of ? • Treatment Options for Sleep Apnea • Conclusion 2
3. Sleep Apnea is defined as the stopping of airflow during sleep and preventing air from entering the lungs caused by an obstruction.(1) What is Sleep Apnea? 1.British Snoring & Sleep Apnoea Association . 2. Orthodontics - Current Principles and Techniques - Graber 5th edition - 2011 Just as allergic disease significantly affects quality of life, obstructive sleep apnea, if it is untreated, may affect adversely the ability of adults and children to function adequately at work and at school.(2) 3
4. 4
5. Is Sleep Apnea Significant Health Issue ? 22 million Americans suffer from sleep apnea, with 80 percent of the cases of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea undiagnosed. (3) 3.American Sleep Apnea Association 4.Young et al 1993 5.Young et al 2002 15. Marcus CL, Brooks LJ, Draper KA, Gozal D, Halbower AC, Jones J, et al. Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 2012; 130: 576-84. EPIDEMIOLOGY: OSA present in 25-58% of Male and 10-37% of Female. (4)(5) According to a report by American Academy of Pediatrics, depends on the population studied, the prevalence of OSAS is in the range of 1% to 5% (15) 5
6. Types of Sleep Apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep apnea. It occurs when the soft tissue in the back of your throat relaxes during sleep and blocks the airway, often causing you to snore loudly. 6
7. Central sleep apnea is a much less common type of sleep apnea that involves the central nervous system, occurring when the brain fails to signal the muscles that control breathing. People with central sleep apnea seldom snore. Complex sleep apnea is a combination of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea. A) Obstructive sleep apnea. Note continued chest and abdominal effort in the absence of airflow. B) Central sleep apnea. Note absence of chest and abdominal effort, as well as absence of airflow 7
8. You have a higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea if you are: Overweight ??? (Most Important Factor) 5.Young et al 2002 6.National Institutes of Health 14.Malhotra et al 2002 • About 70% of those with OSA are obese (14) • Higher BMI associated with higher prevalence – BMI>30: 26% with AHI>15, 60% with AHI>5 – BMI>40: 33% with AHI>15, 98% with AHI>5 Obese people have extrinsic narrowing of the area surrounding collapsible region of the pharynx and regional soft tissue enlargement. Increased fat deposits posteriolateral to oropharyngeal airspace at level of soft palate, in the soft palate, and in submental area. Risk factors for Obstructive sleep apnea(6) 8
9. • Sex : Male are more likely than Female to have sleep apnea. • Age : the risk increases as you get older. • A family history of sleep apnea.
There is almost zero awareness in India that many amongst us maybe living with Sleep Apnoea, which left untreated could be life threatening tomorrow. This largely undiagnosed and untreated sleeping disorder puts both adults and children at risk of developing behavioural and medical problems with far reaching consequences.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Dr. Barry Raphael gives an overview of a new subspecialty in orthodontics call Airway Orthodontics. This segment provides the rationale for this paradigm shift. (Animations and movies not included).
A DETAILED LIST OF COMMON CAUSES OF TINNITUS?NAGGUEST
An article about the causes of tinnitus. It classifies the causes into two: internal and external causes. It also lists ten different causes of tinnitus.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
how to stop snoring at night | How to stop snoring | how to stop snoring doctorBusinessTime1
Make Bedtime Adjustments | Make Lifestyle Changes | Consider Surgical Treatments | When to Talk to Your Doctor
If you or your partner snore regularly or occasionally, you might wonder how to stop snoring. You’re not alone. In adults between 30 and 60 years old, 44% of men and 28% of women snore1 regularly. Over age 60, around half of all people snore2 regularly.
Snoring is the sound that results from air passing through your airway when it is partially blocked. Tissues at the top of your airway touch each other and vibrate, making you snore3. Virtually all adults snore occasionally.
Dr. Barry Raphael gives an overview of a new subspecialty in orthodontics call Airway Orthodontics. This segment provides the rationale for this paradigm shift. (Animations and movies not included).
A DETAILED LIST OF COMMON CAUSES OF TINNITUS?NAGGUEST
An article about the causes of tinnitus. It classifies the causes into two: internal and external causes. It also lists ten different causes of tinnitus.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
how to stop snoring at night | How to stop snoring | how to stop snoring doctorBusinessTime1
Make Bedtime Adjustments | Make Lifestyle Changes | Consider Surgical Treatments | When to Talk to Your Doctor
If you or your partner snore regularly or occasionally, you might wonder how to stop snoring. You’re not alone. In adults between 30 and 60 years old, 44% of men and 28% of women snore1 regularly. Over age 60, around half of all people snore2 regularly.
Snoring is the sound that results from air passing through your airway when it is partially blocked. Tissues at the top of your airway touch each other and vibrate, making you snore3. Virtually all adults snore occasionally.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
2. INTRODUCTION OF
SNORING
Snoring is something that
often happens. however,
we just think it is normal.
This is due to lack of
disclosure on this matter
3. Snoring is the production
of sound from the upper
aero-digestive tract during
sleep due to turbulent
airflow., 2012)
(Alabi, et al., 2012)
4. Due to vibrations
of the soft tissues
at the back of the
mouth or throat
(Anderson, 2012)
17. larger neck and bulky throat tissue
cause the airways to narrow
and affect breathing
18. SNORING STATISTICS TABLE
SNORING STATISTICS DATA
Percent of people age 30 and older who snore 30%
Percent of people age 40 and older who snore 40%
Percent of women who snore 19%
Percent of people who say their partner snores 59%
Percent of children who snore 5.6%
Average decibel level of a snore 38 decibel
Source: http://www.statisticbrain.com/snoring-statistics/
19. SNORING STATISICS BAR CHART
60%
50%
40%
age 30 and older who snore
30%
age 40 and older who snore
women who snore
20%
who say their partner snores
children who snore
10%
0%
age 30 age 40 women who say children
and and who their who
older older snore partner snore
who who snores
snore snore
21. SNORING EFFECT
1) Sleep Disturbances
2) Medical Problems
3) Sleepiness In The Daytime
4) Physical Weakness Or Tiredness
5) Increased Stress Levels
6) Reduced Sex Drive
22. Sleep
Disturbances
one partner is sound asleep
and snoring, the other one
usually isn’t sleeping very
well ( Capone, 2012)
23. MEDICAL PROBLEMS
higher risk of developing
high blood pressure,
stroke, heart failure and
morning headaches
(Brenkley, 2010)
24. Sleepiness in the daytime
feeling overly tired and
fatigued at work, even after
a long night’s sleep
(Howel, 2012)
25. PHYSICAL WEAKNESS
OR TIREDNESS
body frequently feel drained of
energy for no apparent reason,
even when fully rested and fed
26. INCREASED STRESS LEVELS
Regularly feel stressed, even
by things you know you
probably don’t need to worry
about
(Howel, 2012)
27. REDUCED SEX DRIVE
Diminished sex drive
and inability to
participate fully in
relationships
(Howel, 2012)
28. TREATMENT FOR SNORING
1) Simplest Treatment Method
2) Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
3) oral appliances
4) Surgery
(Huang Ear Nose Throat Surgery, 2012)
29. 1)Sleep On Your Side
2)Lose Weight
3)Avoid Alcohol and
Tranquilizers
4)Get Your Allergies Treated
5)Stop Smoking
6)Keep a Regular Schedule
(Discovery Fit & Health, 2012)
30. Sleep On Your Side
You're more likely to
snore if you're lying on
your back, and sleeping on
your stomach is stressful
on your neck
32. Avoid Alcohol and
Tranquilizers
Both alcohol and
sleeping pills can
depress central
nervous system and
relax the muscles of
throat and jaw,
making snoring more
likely
35. Keep a Regular Schedule
Get plenty of sleep. Go
to bed and get up at the
same time each day.
36. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
(CPAP)
method of delivering air
to your lungs using a
machine
The machine simply
applies enough
pressure to keep
airway open, allowing
to inhale completely
( Amanda & Dameron, 2008)
37. Mouth Guard
Antisnoring mouth guard
that holds the teeth
together and keeps the
lower jaw muscles from
becoming too lax
oral
appliances
38. SURGERY
surgery to improve
the airway in the
nose and throat.
Remove excess soft
tissue from the
throat to widen the
upper airway
(WebMD, 2011)
39. Adequate exposure should
be given to the public about
the effects of snoring.
Effective methods to address
this problem should also be
pointed out that this problem
can be solve.
40. LIST OF REFERENCES
Anderson, A. J. (2012). What Causes Snoring? . Retrieved 7 17, 2012, from
SLEEP PASSPORT:
http://www.sleeppassport.com/what-causes-snoring.html
Amanda, L., & Dameron, M. (2008, Mei). Continuous Positive Airway
Pressure (CPAP). Retrieved 7 30, 2012, from BELIEFNET:
http://www.beliefnet.com/healthandhealing/getcontent.aspx?cid=104276
Brenkley, M. (2010). What Are the Effects of Snoring? LIFESTRONG.COM.
B.S. Alabi, A.A.Abdulkarim, I.O. Musa, O. Adegboye, S.K. Aremu, L.O.
Abdur-Rahman, et al. (2012). Prevalence of snoring and symptoms of sleep
disordered breathing among primary school pupils in Ilorin, Nigeria.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology,Volume 76, Issue 5,
646-648.
Capone, R. (2012). How Can I Get Him To Stop Snoring? Atlantic Health
System.
41. LIST OF REFERENCES
Discovery Fit & Health. (2012). Retrieved 7 29, 2012, from Tip To Stop
Snoring: http://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-
health/sleep/basics/tips-to-stop-snoring1.htm
Howel, F. (2012). Snoring Cures. Retrieved 7 29, 2012, from Snoring Magic:
http://www.snoringmagic.com/snoring-cures.php
Huang Ear Nose Throat Surgery. (2012). Retrieved 7 29, 2012, from HOME:
http://www.entsurgery.com.sg/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=
41&gclid=CKG_xuawz7ECFUR76wod_08Azw
Pevernagie, D., Aarts, R. M., & Meyer, M. D. (2010). The acoustics of
snoring . Sleep Medicine Reviews, Volume 14, Issue 2, 131–144.
WebMD. (2011, 9 19). Retrieved 7 30, 2012, from Snoring - Surgery:
http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/tc/snoring-surgery