Case Study of an Embedded System for a Smart Card based on Internet of Things

1. CaseStudy ofan Embedded
System for aSmartCard
BY – Divya Wani(TE Computer)
CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard 1

2. What isSmartCard?
2CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
Plastic card with embedded microprocessor chip , electronic memory and a
battery.
It is usedfor information storage , authentication and management.
There are several types of smart card :Contactless(do not require to be
swipe through magnetic stripe reader whereas someare contact (require to
be swipe through magnetic stripe reader).

3. Construction ofSmart cards
3CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
• Designing: It is the first step to construct smart card consisting of following
specifications suchasclock speed , memory size, type of Operating System
, additionalfunctionalities.
• Chip Fabrication : It is the secondstep which includes silicon mounting.
• Loading the code into memory is the third step by using commands.
• Data loading into memory is the fourth step which stores the data.

4. Basicworking of SmartCard
4CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
• Asmart card is connected to the host computer or controller .
• They are connected through acard reader which gets the information from
the smart card.
• And accordingly passesthe information to the host computer or controller.

5. • Thesystem consists of 4 main parts:
• AsmartCardwhich is generally acontact memory smart card which
contains the information about the individual.
• Asmart card reader which is generally acontact smart card reader and is
usedto read information from the card.
• Acontroller which receives data from the smart card reader via the RS232
interface.
• Aload which is arelay in this case,usedto drive amotor and connected to
the controller via the relay driver IC.
5CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard

6. • Theindividual inserts his/her cardin the cardreader.
• Thecard reader sendsthe data to the MAX 232ICthrough the DB9connector.
• The Microcontroller receives the data from the MAX 232and is accordingly programmed to
compare the obtained information with the stored information in the database.
• If the data matches,the Microcontrollerdevelops logic high at its output pin, connectedto
the input pin of the relay driver.
• Therelay driver ICaccordingly develops alow logic at its output and energizesthe relay.
• The common contact of the relay is now connectedto the normally opencontact andthe
motor connectedin serieswith the relay contacts is rotated suchthat the door is opened.
• In casethe data doesn’tmatches,the microcontroller is programmed to develop logic low
at its output pin and the relay accordinglydoesn’tget energized,keepingthe door shut.
• The obtained output is accordinglydisplayedon the LCDwhich showswhether the data is
matched ornot.
6CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard

7. Embedded HardwareComponents
7CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
• Microcontroller
• RAMfor temporary variables and stack.
• OTPROMfor application codesand RTOScodes for scheduling the tasks.
• Flash for storing userdata , useraddress, useridentification codes, card
number , and expiry date.
• Timer and interruptcontrol
• Interfacing circuit forIOs.
• ChargePumps for delivering power to the antenna for transmission.

8. Flowchart
8CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard

9. Advantages
9CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
• Might be promptlyreconfigured
• Reusable
• Securetransactions
• Gives moresecurity
• More tough anddependable
• Permit numerous provisions to be saved in one card

10. Applications
10CaseStudyof anembedded systemfor SmartCard
• E-Ticketing : Bus, Event ,Tourist
• Transportations : DrivingCard
• Education : Library , Laboratory
• Health Care: Insurancecard
• Retail :e-purchase