The document provides information about the taxonomy project undertaken by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) to develop a controlled vocabulary or taxonomy of technical terms for indexing their publications. It discusses the initial creation of the taxonomy with over 30,000 terms organized into technical, geographic, and corporate taxonomies. Subject experts then validated the technical topics. The document outlines ongoing efforts to enrich the taxonomy by adding equivalent and non-preferred terms, developing rules to help automate indexing, and handling challenges like disambiguating terms and accounting for variations. It emphasizes that taxonomy enrichment and rule building is an iterative process.
Shiva Salek defended her work.
This work consisted of combining a biological digestion system with CO2 sequestration. The advantages of combining these systems are:
- the biological system first produces acidity, this enhances the alkaline material dissolution (i.e. Olivine or Wollastonite).
- the second step of the digestion produces alkalinity. This promotes the formation of solid carbonates.
- the olivine (or Wollastonite) could buffer the pH changes.
- it is known that some of the formed organic acids are enhancing the olivine dissolution.
The internet has revolutionized the sharing of data and information and in the domain of chemistry there are many resources available to help with our research. In recent years various online resources have been introduced that allow users to access information, properties and data associated with chemical entities. At a time when CAS has declared that they now have over 50 million unique chemical entities in the registry the number of chemical structures distributed across the internet also measures in the tens of millions. There are many tens of databases on the internet hosting chemical structures associated with data focused on the specific nature of the collection – metabolic pathways, spectral data collections, chemical vendor collections, biological assay data and crystal structures are examples. Unfortunately there has been no single way to search across all of these resources. ChemSpider has taken on the task of integrating the multiple online resources of information into a single database using the chemical structure as the primary key and retaining the link out and attribution to the original datasource. In this manner ChemSpider intends to become a structure-centric hub for the chemistry community. This talk will provide an overview of the ChemSpider platform, how it is being used as a crowdsourcing platform for community-based curation of the data and the future vision of ChemSpider as one of the pillars of the semantic web of chemistry.
This is a presentation I gave via the BigBlueButton system to students and faculty at the University of Arkansas, Little Rock, regarding searching the internet for Chemistry.
Shiva Salek defended her work.
This work consisted of combining a biological digestion system with CO2 sequestration. The advantages of combining these systems are:
- the biological system first produces acidity, this enhances the alkaline material dissolution (i.e. Olivine or Wollastonite).
- the second step of the digestion produces alkalinity. This promotes the formation of solid carbonates.
- the olivine (or Wollastonite) could buffer the pH changes.
- it is known that some of the formed organic acids are enhancing the olivine dissolution.
The internet has revolutionized the sharing of data and information and in the domain of chemistry there are many resources available to help with our research. In recent years various online resources have been introduced that allow users to access information, properties and data associated with chemical entities. At a time when CAS has declared that they now have over 50 million unique chemical entities in the registry the number of chemical structures distributed across the internet also measures in the tens of millions. There are many tens of databases on the internet hosting chemical structures associated with data focused on the specific nature of the collection – metabolic pathways, spectral data collections, chemical vendor collections, biological assay data and crystal structures are examples. Unfortunately there has been no single way to search across all of these resources. ChemSpider has taken on the task of integrating the multiple online resources of information into a single database using the chemical structure as the primary key and retaining the link out and attribution to the original datasource. In this manner ChemSpider intends to become a structure-centric hub for the chemistry community. This talk will provide an overview of the ChemSpider platform, how it is being used as a crowdsourcing platform for community-based curation of the data and the future vision of ChemSpider as one of the pillars of the semantic web of chemistry.
This is a presentation I gave via the BigBlueButton system to students and faculty at the University of Arkansas, Little Rock, regarding searching the internet for Chemistry.
ChemSpider is a free access website for chemists built with the vision of providing a structure centric community for chemists. Vision is great…execution is better. ChemSpider is now one of the internet’s primary portals for chemistry offering access to over 23 million unique chemical structures from over 200 data sources and expanding daily. Even though there are tens if not hundreds of chemical structure databases such as literature data, chemical vendor catalogs, molecular properties, environmental data, toxicity data, analytical data etc. there has been no single way to search across them. Despite the fact that there are a large number of databases containing chemical compounds and data available online their inherent quality, accuracy and completeness remains lacking in many regards. With ChemSpider we have provided a platform whereby the chemistry community could contribute to cleaning up the data, improving the quality of data online and expanding the information available to include data such as reaction syntheses, analytical data, experimental properties and linking to other valuable resources.
This presentation will provide an overview of ChemSpider and its value to chemists as a search tool, as a public repository of information and how it can become one of the primary foundations of internet-based chemistry. I will also discuss the vision for ChemSpider and some of the exciting goals we are setting for the system moving forward.
Writing Assignment 1
EAPS 10000 Y01 Planet Earth
Online Course – Prof. L Braile
Writing Assignment 1: As discussed in the Syllabus, there are 3 writing assignments during
the course. WA 1 should include topics covered in Chapters I to 5 of the textbook. See the
Due Dates file (in the Course Content area of BB Learn) for due dates of all assignments.
Be sure to read all the instructions below. Please pay particular attention to the
plagiarism discussion (section 3, below)! In addition to avoiding
plagiarism, you must understand and use correct citation and referencing
in your paper (see more information and links to other citation and
referencing resources below). Also, be sure to read the information on
grading of the WAs that is included in the syllabus (page 6).
The writing assignments are short papers (short, informative research papers on a
geosciences topic) designed to allow you to explore (in greater depth) a topic of interest to
you that we have covered in about 5 chapters in the textbook.
1. Instructions (please read carefully): Write a 1½ to 2 page paper on a geosciences topic
of interest to you that is related to the material that we have covered in the textbook during
(approximately) the first one-third of the course (chapters I through 5 or 6). Some suggested
topics are listed below, but you are free to choose other relevant topics for your paper. Your
paper must use 12 point, Times Roman font (or equivalent), be single spaced and utilize
one inch margins (sides, bottom and top). With these formatting choices, the 1½ to 2 page
paper (main body of paper, text only, not including references) should have 750 to 1000
words (750 words is the required minimum).
In addition, provide a references section at the bottom of your paper (or on a separate page)
listing your book, journal or internet (complete URL) references, and use citations in your
text to note quotations or specific information that you used from your references. In order
for a source to be included in your reference list, it needs to be cited in the text of your
paper. Also, be sure to use metric units (used almost universally in science) in your paper.
You can also add (optional) copies of a small number of figures, photos or tables to support
or illustrate the topics or concepts that you describe in your text. Figures, photos and tables
must include a caption and a citation showing the source.
2
It is not necessary to have a large number of references – two or three, or so, good
references are all that is necessary. You can use the textbook as a reference, but it
cannot be the only reference that you use.
The easiest (and recommended) way to handle references and citations is illustrated by the
examples below (the author's name(s); if more than 3, put first author's name "and others";
followed by the date of publication. If publication is a book, also include the page n ...
The Royal Society of Chemistry hosts one of the worlds’ richest collections of online chemistry data that is free-to-access for the community. ChemSpider presently hosts over 30 million unique chemical compounds together with associated data and accessible via a number of search techniques. With almost 50,000 unique users per day from around the world the site offers scientists the ability to investigate the world of small molecules via property searches, analytical data and predictive models. The challenges associated with providing a similar platform for “materials” are manifold but, if they could be addressed, would offer a valuable service to the materials community. This presentation will provide an overview of how ChemSpider was built, our efforts to expand the capabilities to a more encompassing data repository and some of the challenges faced to embrace the diverse world of materials informatics and online data access.
Presentation of my PhD work about a preliminary design tool for flapping-wing systems. The presentation is about the definition/implementation of an aeroelastic framework that coupled an aerodynamic model of insect flight with a FEM solver, its numerical and experimental validation for preliminary design tasks and finally about its applications to the specific case of a resonant nano-air vehicle: the OVMI. Thus the designers can evaluate quickly the performance of a wing and then determine a wing geometry via an optimization environment. Enjoy!
Essay Topic WHO OWNS THE PASTCultural patrimony (an obje.docxdebishakespeare
Essay Topic
WHO OWNS THE PAST?
Cultural patrimony (an object with cultural, historic, or traditional importance to a certain group or nation) is an ongoing subject of debate with culturally significant works of art collected in museums across the globe and far from their place of origin. Works of art have long been prized during wars and colonization as the rightful reward of the victors and most often without the consent of the vanquished. Do these circumstances of ownership become part of the history of an object thus endowing it with universal significance or do individual countries have the right to have works returned on the basis of national identity? Click here for an excellent introductory discussion of cultural heritage found on the Khan Academy website.
Countries seeking the return (or repatriation) of their cultural patrimony have done so with and without success. Ideas of ownership have changed over time and since the 1970’s organizations like UNESCO (click here to go to their website) have established international laws to protect works of art and antiquities from looting and destruction. Nevertheless, cases that predate these rules are often difficult to prove. Once a work has been in a museum collection for centuries should it be considered a part of a greater world heritage despite the unsavory means with which it might have been collected? Or do the national interests of individual countries and their feelings of injustice outweigh this consideration, thus giving primacy to a specific cultural inheritance over a universal one?
This topic will ask you to explore these questions, among others, in a 3-4 page essay discussing the case of the Parthenon sculptures – aka The Elgin Marbles – that were taken from Greece in the 18th century and now housed in the British Museum. They have been the subject of heated debate between Greece and Great Britain for decades with Athens set on their eventual return to a state-of-the-art facility built with this goal in mind.
In this essay you will discuss the history of the case and lay out the argument for or against the return of the sculptures to Greece. Your argument will be based on scholarly research using the online databases on the library website as well as relevant books in the collection. You will also want to go to the websites of the British Museum and the Parthenon Museum for information about these works and how each museum discusses them in relationship to their heritage. Using the library databases, the entry on Thomas Bruce (Lord Elgin) in Oxford Art Online is also a good place to start. Here you will find a bibliography of further readings to research. General web searches including Wikipedia are highly discouraged since the authors of these sites are not vetted. All outside sources must be cited in footnotes (not parenthetical documentation) according to the Chicago style manual and must include a separate bibliography to receive full credit.
FORMATT.
Have you ever wondered how search works while visiting an e-commerce site, internal website, or searching through other types of online resources? Look no further than this informative session on the ways that taxonomies help end-users navigate the internet! Hear from taxonomists and other information professionals who have first-hand experience creating and working with taxonomies that aid in navigation, search, and discovery across a range of disciplines.
Making AI Behave: Using Knowledge Domains to Produce Useful, Trustworthy ResultsAccess Innovations, Inc.
In today's highly charged atmosphere of anxiety and anticipation about AI, and especially LLMs,
one of the biggest concerns is how to ensure that it returns accurate results (meaning both true
and pertinent to its audience). This is particularly important to scholarly, scientific, and other
technical organizations, whose constituents are often in very specific domains, such as
medicine, engineering, history, biology, chemistry, etc. One extremely useful tool to incorporate in an AI-based process in such cases is a comprehensive and well-structured knowledge domain which is based on a controlled vocabulary.
Smart Submit and Client Support
Michael Millar, Junior Software Developer, and Frank Coates, Client Support Manager
Get a peek at the new and improved Smart Submit and learn about new, easier ways to contact the support team at Access Innovations.
How a Good Taxonomy Can Provide Valuable Business Insights
Kristen Monahan, Public Library of Science (PLOS)
Kristen is a business analyst and she won’t be talking about the PLOS taxonomy but rather how she uses that taxonomy to drill down into the massive amount of content, metadata, and usage and process data that is PLOS for deep, detailed analysis and to drive business decisions. Much of this work involves trend analysis. For example, trend analysis of submissions can look at the time it takes from submission to decision by subject (narrow subjects like Covid, broad subjects like biotechnology), or by institution, or by country, etc. to see not just the overall big picture but where in their submission and peer review workflows the bottlenecks might be. A trend analysis of topics over time can prompt them to issue a call for papers for a topic they think needs to be better covered–and then look at both short-term and long-term trends resulting from that call to papers. Their taxonomy doesn’t just make their content smarter–it makes how they publish that content smarter too.
Editor and Peer Reviewer Assignments Using Data Harmony
Andrew Smeall, Hindawi Publishing
Andrew will show how Hindawi, an open access publisher, applies their taxonomy to make editor and reviewer assignments for incoming submissions to their journals.
Cloud Deployment of Data Harmony
Jeffrey Gordon, Lead Developer, Access Innovations, Inc.
Jeffrey will describe the cloud deployment of the Data Harmony software.
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ChemSpider is a free access website for chemists built with the vision of providing a structure centric community for chemists. Vision is great…execution is better. ChemSpider is now one of the internet’s primary portals for chemistry offering access to over 23 million unique chemical structures from over 200 data sources and expanding daily. Even though there are tens if not hundreds of chemical structure databases such as literature data, chemical vendor catalogs, molecular properties, environmental data, toxicity data, analytical data etc. there has been no single way to search across them. Despite the fact that there are a large number of databases containing chemical compounds and data available online their inherent quality, accuracy and completeness remains lacking in many regards. With ChemSpider we have provided a platform whereby the chemistry community could contribute to cleaning up the data, improving the quality of data online and expanding the information available to include data such as reaction syntheses, analytical data, experimental properties and linking to other valuable resources.
This presentation will provide an overview of ChemSpider and its value to chemists as a search tool, as a public repository of information and how it can become one of the primary foundations of internet-based chemistry. I will also discuss the vision for ChemSpider and some of the exciting goals we are setting for the system moving forward.
Writing Assignment 1
EAPS 10000 Y01 Planet Earth
Online Course – Prof. L Braile
Writing Assignment 1: As discussed in the Syllabus, there are 3 writing assignments during
the course. WA 1 should include topics covered in Chapters I to 5 of the textbook. See the
Due Dates file (in the Course Content area of BB Learn) for due dates of all assignments.
Be sure to read all the instructions below. Please pay particular attention to the
plagiarism discussion (section 3, below)! In addition to avoiding
plagiarism, you must understand and use correct citation and referencing
in your paper (see more information and links to other citation and
referencing resources below). Also, be sure to read the information on
grading of the WAs that is included in the syllabus (page 6).
The writing assignments are short papers (short, informative research papers on a
geosciences topic) designed to allow you to explore (in greater depth) a topic of interest to
you that we have covered in about 5 chapters in the textbook.
1. Instructions (please read carefully): Write a 1½ to 2 page paper on a geosciences topic
of interest to you that is related to the material that we have covered in the textbook during
(approximately) the first one-third of the course (chapters I through 5 or 6). Some suggested
topics are listed below, but you are free to choose other relevant topics for your paper. Your
paper must use 12 point, Times Roman font (or equivalent), be single spaced and utilize
one inch margins (sides, bottom and top). With these formatting choices, the 1½ to 2 page
paper (main body of paper, text only, not including references) should have 750 to 1000
words (750 words is the required minimum).
In addition, provide a references section at the bottom of your paper (or on a separate page)
listing your book, journal or internet (complete URL) references, and use citations in your
text to note quotations or specific information that you used from your references. In order
for a source to be included in your reference list, it needs to be cited in the text of your
paper. Also, be sure to use metric units (used almost universally in science) in your paper.
You can also add (optional) copies of a small number of figures, photos or tables to support
or illustrate the topics or concepts that you describe in your text. Figures, photos and tables
must include a caption and a citation showing the source.
2
It is not necessary to have a large number of references – two or three, or so, good
references are all that is necessary. You can use the textbook as a reference, but it
cannot be the only reference that you use.
The easiest (and recommended) way to handle references and citations is illustrated by the
examples below (the author's name(s); if more than 3, put first author's name "and others";
followed by the date of publication. If publication is a book, also include the page n ...
The Royal Society of Chemistry hosts one of the worlds’ richest collections of online chemistry data that is free-to-access for the community. ChemSpider presently hosts over 30 million unique chemical compounds together with associated data and accessible via a number of search techniques. With almost 50,000 unique users per day from around the world the site offers scientists the ability to investigate the world of small molecules via property searches, analytical data and predictive models. The challenges associated with providing a similar platform for “materials” are manifold but, if they could be addressed, would offer a valuable service to the materials community. This presentation will provide an overview of how ChemSpider was built, our efforts to expand the capabilities to a more encompassing data repository and some of the challenges faced to embrace the diverse world of materials informatics and online data access.
Presentation of my PhD work about a preliminary design tool for flapping-wing systems. The presentation is about the definition/implementation of an aeroelastic framework that coupled an aerodynamic model of insect flight with a FEM solver, its numerical and experimental validation for preliminary design tasks and finally about its applications to the specific case of a resonant nano-air vehicle: the OVMI. Thus the designers can evaluate quickly the performance of a wing and then determine a wing geometry via an optimization environment. Enjoy!
Essay Topic WHO OWNS THE PASTCultural patrimony (an obje.docxdebishakespeare
Essay Topic
WHO OWNS THE PAST?
Cultural patrimony (an object with cultural, historic, or traditional importance to a certain group or nation) is an ongoing subject of debate with culturally significant works of art collected in museums across the globe and far from their place of origin. Works of art have long been prized during wars and colonization as the rightful reward of the victors and most often without the consent of the vanquished. Do these circumstances of ownership become part of the history of an object thus endowing it with universal significance or do individual countries have the right to have works returned on the basis of national identity? Click here for an excellent introductory discussion of cultural heritage found on the Khan Academy website.
Countries seeking the return (or repatriation) of their cultural patrimony have done so with and without success. Ideas of ownership have changed over time and since the 1970’s organizations like UNESCO (click here to go to their website) have established international laws to protect works of art and antiquities from looting and destruction. Nevertheless, cases that predate these rules are often difficult to prove. Once a work has been in a museum collection for centuries should it be considered a part of a greater world heritage despite the unsavory means with which it might have been collected? Or do the national interests of individual countries and their feelings of injustice outweigh this consideration, thus giving primacy to a specific cultural inheritance over a universal one?
This topic will ask you to explore these questions, among others, in a 3-4 page essay discussing the case of the Parthenon sculptures – aka The Elgin Marbles – that were taken from Greece in the 18th century and now housed in the British Museum. They have been the subject of heated debate between Greece and Great Britain for decades with Athens set on their eventual return to a state-of-the-art facility built with this goal in mind.
In this essay you will discuss the history of the case and lay out the argument for or against the return of the sculptures to Greece. Your argument will be based on scholarly research using the online databases on the library website as well as relevant books in the collection. You will also want to go to the websites of the British Museum and the Parthenon Museum for information about these works and how each museum discusses them in relationship to their heritage. Using the library databases, the entry on Thomas Bruce (Lord Elgin) in Oxford Art Online is also a good place to start. Here you will find a bibliography of further readings to research. General web searches including Wikipedia are highly discouraged since the authors of these sites are not vetted. All outside sources must be cited in footnotes (not parenthetical documentation) according to the Chicago style manual and must include a separate bibliography to receive full credit.
FORMATT.
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Have you ever wondered how search works while visiting an e-commerce site, internal website, or searching through other types of online resources? Look no further than this informative session on the ways that taxonomies help end-users navigate the internet! Hear from taxonomists and other information professionals who have first-hand experience creating and working with taxonomies that aid in navigation, search, and discovery across a range of disciplines.
Making AI Behave: Using Knowledge Domains to Produce Useful, Trustworthy ResultsAccess Innovations, Inc.
In today's highly charged atmosphere of anxiety and anticipation about AI, and especially LLMs,
one of the biggest concerns is how to ensure that it returns accurate results (meaning both true
and pertinent to its audience). This is particularly important to scholarly, scientific, and other
technical organizations, whose constituents are often in very specific domains, such as
medicine, engineering, history, biology, chemistry, etc. One extremely useful tool to incorporate in an AI-based process in such cases is a comprehensive and well-structured knowledge domain which is based on a controlled vocabulary.
Smart Submit and Client Support
Michael Millar, Junior Software Developer, and Frank Coates, Client Support Manager
Get a peek at the new and improved Smart Submit and learn about new, easier ways to contact the support team at Access Innovations.
How a Good Taxonomy Can Provide Valuable Business Insights
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Kristen is a business analyst and she won’t be talking about the PLOS taxonomy but rather how she uses that taxonomy to drill down into the massive amount of content, metadata, and usage and process data that is PLOS for deep, detailed analysis and to drive business decisions. Much of this work involves trend analysis. For example, trend analysis of submissions can look at the time it takes from submission to decision by subject (narrow subjects like Covid, broad subjects like biotechnology), or by institution, or by country, etc. to see not just the overall big picture but where in their submission and peer review workflows the bottlenecks might be. A trend analysis of topics over time can prompt them to issue a call for papers for a topic they think needs to be better covered–and then look at both short-term and long-term trends resulting from that call to papers. Their taxonomy doesn’t just make their content smarter–it makes how they publish that content smarter too.
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-------------------------------------------
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In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Case Study: Building the ASCE Thesaurus
1. Xi Van Fleet
Senior Manager of Information Services
Publishing Technology Department
Publication Division
American Society of Civil Engineers
2. Publications of American Society of Civil Engineering
A Brief History
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) was
founded in 1852. We are the oldest engineering society
in the Untied States.
Our first publication, Transactions of American Society
of Civil Engineers, was published in 1872. It is the
predecessor of our journals.
The first monograph was published in 1892.
3. Publications of American Society of Civil Engineering
Today
Leading publisher in civil engineering
34 Peer-reviewed journals
Books and standards
Conference proceedings
Magazines
4. Online Civil Engineering Knowledge Environment
250+ ASCE e-book titles
65 ASCE Standards
Proceeding volumes with 42,000 papers from 2000 to present
Peers-reviewed journals with 60,000 papers from 1983 to present
More than 220,000 records with complete coverage of ASCE publications
Full-text database
Bibliographic database
5. Content driven
Overlapping with other engineering disciplines
e.g. chemical engineering, mechanical engineering; material engineering
Strong on core disciplines: e.g. structural engineering,
geotechnical engineering
Weaker on peripheral disciplines: Aerospace engineering,
energy engineering
ASCE Taxonomy
6. The taxonomy project started in 2009
Access Innovations created the first version based on the
existing CEDB subject headings and data mined from the
content
The draft contained over 30,000 terms. We divided it into three
individual taxonomies:
Technical topics
Geographic terms
ASCE corporate
In-house subject experts of different disciplines were invited to
validate the technical topics.
Project History
7. “Final” Version of Taxonomy of Technical Topics
Preferred terms: 2440
Equivalent terms: 3167
Top terms: 22
Terms with "Related Terms": 488
Terms withg "Non-Preferred Terms": 1320
8. Prepare ASCE Taxonomy for Machine Aided Index
(MAI)
• Taxonomy enrichment
• Rule building
9. Taxonomy Enrichment
Add Equivalent /Non-preferred Terms
• Alternative spelling
Analysis – Analyses; Modeling vs. modelling
• Irregular word forms
Curricula vs. Curriculums
• Synonyms
Flood – inundation
Health care facilities – Hospitals, Nursing homes…
• Acronyms
Automated people movers – APM
• Term variation
• Bedforms, Bed-forms, Bed forms
10. Rule Building
Rules teach MAIStro to think like humans by
providing it with context, logic, and instructions.
Simple rules
Simple conditional rules
Complex conditional rules
12. Some Synonyms are obvious and easy.
e.g. Preferred term: Driver behavior
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
13. How to find synonyms
How to find synonyms
Some synonyms are “hidden”, e.g. Agricultural wastes
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
14. Preferred term: Public health and safety
How to find synonyms
How to find synonyms
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
15. How to find synonyms
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
16. How to find synonyms
Preferred term: Public health and safety:
Note: in our content “health” can also be used for a structure, a river, or environment.
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
18. Preferred term: High-rise buildings
e.g. Spring Temple Buddha
Tokyo Spring Tree
Preferred term: Developing countries
I
ASCE taxonomy term: Civil engineering landmarks
ASCE Civil engineering landmarks Award list
How to find synonyms
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
20. Terms made of phrase with variations
Preferred term: Lightweight concrete
Non-Preferred terms: Light-weight concrete, Light weight concrete
Preferred term: Design/Bid/Build
Non-Preferred terms: Design-bid-build, Design bid build, D/B/B/, DBB. D-B-B
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
Think about variation
21. Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
Terms with prefix
Bio+Preferred terms
Biobinders; Biofuels; Biocement; Biokinetics; Biofilters;
Biofouling; Biogrouting; Bioleaching…
Post + Preferred terms
Postearthquakes; Postcombustion; Postcracking
Other prefix: Pre, Micro, Macro, Super. Multi,
Non, Off...
Think about variation
22. Acronyms
Preferred term: Magnetic levitation trains
Non-preferred term: Maglev
Preferred term: Automated people movers
Non-preferred term: APM
Preferred term: Air traffic control
Acronym: ATC
ATC=apparent tardiness cost; applied technology council …
Need disambiguation
Preferred term: Intelligent transportation systems
Acronym: ITS
Be careful with acronyms
Equivalent/Non-Preferred Terms
23. Create Rulebase
MAIStro automatically creates text-to-match (TTM) rule for
every term, both preferred and non-preferred
TTM works for many terms:
Flash floods – Flash floods
Continuing education – Continuing education
Ridership – Ridership
Hydraulic engineering – Hydraulic engineering
Text that matches
24. Create Rulebase
Noun vs. verb vs. adjective vs. adverb
Preferred term: Corrosion
Corrosive
Corrosiveness
Corrosivity
Corroding
Corroded
Corrodible
Corrodibility…
Simple rule
Corros* USE Corrosion
Corrod* USE Corrosion
Text that doesn't quite match (variations)
25. Create Rulebase
Preferred term: Lateral loads
Variations: Lateral loading; Laterally loaded…
Need simple conditional rule:
load*
IF (WITH "lateral*")
Lateral loads
ENDIF
Text that doesn't quite match (variations)
26. Create Rulebase
Variations of “Span bridges”
Bridge*
IF (NEAR "span" OR NEAR "short-span" OR NEAR "long-span" OR
NEAR "single-span" OR NEAR "multi-span" OR NEAR "multiple-span"
OR NEAR "four-span" OR NEAR "three-span" OR NEAR “one-span”
OR NEAR “continuous-span" OR NEAR "simple-span" OR NEAR
"large-span")
USE Span bridges
ENDIF
Text that doesn't quite match (variations)
28. Preferred term: Structural analysis
Analy*
IF (WITH "structur*" OR WITH "load" OR WITH "loads")
IF (NEAR "arch*" OR WITH "column*" OR NEAR "bar" OR NEAR "bars" OR
NEAR "bar's" OR NEAR "beam" OR NEAR "beams" OR NEAR "strut" OR NEAR
"struts" OR NEAR "compression member*" OR NEAR "tie" OR NEAR "ties" OR
NEAR "tie rod" OR NEAR "tie-rod" OR NEAR "tie rods" OR NEAR "tie-rods" OR
NEAR "eyebar*" OR NEAR "guy-wire*" OR NEAR "guy wire*" OR NEAR
"suspension cable*" OR NEAR "wire rope*" OR NEAR "angle section*" OR
NEAR "connect*" OR NEAR "coupl*" OR NEAR "diaphragm*" OR NEAR
"flange*" OR NEAR "frame*" OR NEAR "bent" OR NEAR "bents" OR NEAR
"girder*" OR NEAR "hollow section*" OR NEAR "hollow structural section*" OR
NEAR "joint*" OR NEAR "joist*" OR NEAR "membrane*" OR NEAR "panel" OR
NEAR "plate" OR NEAR "slab*" OR NEAR "stud" OR NEAR "studs" OR NEAR
"tendon*" OR NEAR "tensile member*" OR NEAR "truss*" OR NEAR "tube*" OR
NEAR "wall*" OR NEAR "gable*" OR NEAR "wall section*" OR MENTIONS
"structural failure*" OR MENTIONS "building failure*")
USE Structural analysis
ENDIF
Create Rulebase
Text that doesn’t quite match (whole vs parts)
29. Bridge the gap
Raising the bar
Foundation
a solid foundation, a firm foundation, research
foundation…
Toll: Toll Brothers, human toll, take a toll…
Using NULL rules
right match that is wrong
Create Rulebase - To Disambiguate
30. Create Rulebase
Phases that contain more than one term
Text: Continuous Multispan Concrete Girder Highway Bridges
Preferred terms:
Continuous bridges
Span bridges
Concrete bridges
Girder bridges
Highway bridges
31. Create Rulebase - To Disambiguate
Preferred term: Wells
(noun vs adverb)
Well*
IF (WITH "hydraul*" OR WITH "Hydro*" OR WITH "Aquifer*" OR WITH "Multiaquifer*" OR WITH
"discharg*" OR WITH "pump*" OR WITH "stilling" OR WITH "flow*" OR WITH "water*" OR WITH
"groundwater" OR WITH "Recirculation" OR WITH "Artesian")
USE Wells
32. Foundation*
IF (NOT (NEAR "success*" OR NEAR "research" OR NEAR "national science" OR
NEAR "grant*" OR NEAR "president*" OR NEAR "ASCE foundation*" OR AROUND
"engineering foundation" OR NEAR "economic" OR NEAR "prize*" OR NEAR
"award*" OR NEAR "education*" OR NEAR "campaign*" OR AROUND "reason
foundation" OR AROUND "national science foundation" OR AROUND "nsf" OR
NEAR "job*" OR NEAR "partner*" OR NEAR "organization*" OR NEAR "scholar*"))
IF (WITH "bridge*" OR AROUND "bridge foundation*")
USE Bridge foundations
ENDIF
IF (WITH "dam" OR WITH "dams" OR AROUND "dam foundation*")
USE Dam foundations
ENDIF
IF (NEAR "deep" OR AROUND "deep foundation*")
USE Deep foundations
…
Create Rulebase - To Disambiguate
33. If a term is impossible to write a rule, it may not a
good term.
Bubbles
Water bubbles, air bubbles, gas bubbles, financial bubbles…
fluid dynamics, waste treatment, material science, soil
mechanics…
Clue: if you have trouble place a term in the taxonomy, you are likely to have
trouble creating rules for it.
Disambiguation
34. Create Rulebase
Test*
Test, tests, testing, testings, testify, testimony, testosterone
Wave*
Waves, wavelength, wave length, wavelet, wavefront, waverider, waveguide…
Truncate text with care
35. Preferred Term: Workplace discrimination
Discriminat*
IF (WITH "age" or WITH "minority" or WITH "racial" or WITH "race" or
WITH "disabilit*" or WITH "senior" or WITH "older" or WITH "old" or
WITH "women" or WITH "woman" or WITH "diversity" or WITH
"dispute" or WITH "equal*" or WITH "female" or WITH "male" or WITH
"workplace" or WITH "African*“ or WITH “Hispanic”)
USE Workplace discrimination
ENDIF
Text that hardly matches (need specifics)
Create Rulebase
36. Taxonomy Enrichment and Rule Building
is a Process.
Another opportunity to fine tune the taxonomy
Diffus*
IF (MENTIONS "transport" OR MENTIONS "concentration" OR MENTIONS "gradient" OR MENTIONS "advetive" OR MENTIONS "equilibr*" OR MENTIONS "voc" OR
MENTIONS "vocs"OR MENTIONS "volatile organic compound*" OR MENTIONS "water*" OR MENTIONS "moisture" OR MENTIONS "wave*" OR MENTIONS "flow" OR
MENTIONS "chemical*" OR MENTIONS "molecul*" OR MENTIONS "soil*" OR MENTIONS "waste*" OR MENTIONS "filter*" OR MENTIONS "runoff" OR MENTIONS "run-
off" OR MENTIONS "jet" OR MENTIONS "turbulen*" OR MENTIONS "gas" OR MENTIONS "emission*" OR MENTIONS "emit*" OR MENTIONS "air" OR MENTIONS
"oxygen" OR MENTIONS "thermal" OR MENTIONS "solute*" OR MENTIONS "chloride*" OR MENTIONS "contamin*" OR MENTIONS "pollut*" OR MENTIONS "organic"
OR MENTIONS "compound*" OR MENTIONS "nitri*" OR MENTIONS "ion" OR MENTIONS "ions" OR MENTIONS "dye" OR MENTIONS "dyes" OR MENTIONS "fluid*" OR
MENTIONS "channel*" OR MENTIONS "river*" OR MENTIONS "stream*" OR MENTIONS "tidal" OR MENTIONS "hydro*" OR MENTIONS "hydrau*" OR MENTIONS
"lake*" OR MENTIONS "bay" OR MENTIONS "bays" OR MENTIONS "ocean*" OR MENTIONS "coast*" OR MENTIONS "sediment*" OR MENTIONS "sea" OR MENTIONS
"seas" OR MENTIONS "catchment*" OR MENTIONS "reservoir*" OR MENTIONS "estuar*" OR MENTIONS "sewage*" OR MENTIONS "flood*" OR MENTIONS "porous
medi*" OR MENTIONS "concrete*" OR MENTIONS "bentonite" OR MENTIONS "cement*" OR MENTIONS "clay*" OR MENTIONS "advection*" OR MENTIONS
"convection*" OR MENTIONS "eddy" OR MENTIONS "eddies" OR MENTIONS "flux")
IF (AROUND "voc" OR AROUND "vocs" OR AROUND "volatile organic compound*" OR AROUND "chemical*" OR AROUND "molecul*" OR AROUND
"chlorid*" OR AROUND "nitri*" OR AROUND "ion" OR AROUND "ions" OR AROUND "polymer*" OR AROUND "species" OR AROUND "polyaromatic*" OR AROUND
"hydrocarbon*" OR AROUND "aromatic*" OR AROUND "pah" OR AROUND "pahs" OR AROUND "dichloromethane*" OR AROUND "chloromethane*" OR AROUND
"chemox")
USE Diffusion (chemical)
ENDIF
IF (AROUND "thermo*" OR AROUND "thermal" OR AROUND "thermodiffusion")
USE Diffusion (thermal)
ENDIF
IF (AROUND "porous" OR AROUND "porosity" OR AROUND "soil*" OR AROUND "clay*" OR AROUND "pore" OR AROUND "pores" OR AROUND
"cement*" OR AROUND "concrete*" OR AROUND "bentonite")
USE Diffusion (porous media)
ENDIF
IF (AROUND "fluid*")
IF (WITH "turbulen*" OR WITH "eddy" OR WITH "eddies")
USE Turbulent diffusion
ELSE
ENDIF
IF (NOT (AROUND "voc" OR AROUND "vocs" OR AROUND "volatile organic compound*" OR AROUND "chemical*" OR AROUND "molecul*" OR
AROUND "chlorid*" OR AROUND "nitri*" OR AROUND "ion" OR AROUND "ions" OR AROUND "polymer*" OR AROUND "species" OR AROUND "polyaromatic*" OR
AROUND "hydrocarbon*" OR AROUND "aromatic*" OR AROUND "pah" OR AROUND "pahs" OR AROUND "dichloromethane*" OR AROUND "chloromethane*" OR
AROUND "chemox" OR AROUND "thermo*" OR AROUND "thermal" OR AROUND "thermodiffusion" OR AROUND "porous" OR AROUND "porosity" OR AROUND "soil*"
OR AROUND "clay*" OR AROUND "pore" OR AROUND "pores" OR AROUND "cement*" OR AROUND "concrete*" OR AROUND "bentonite" OR AROUND "fluid*"OR
WITH "wave" OR WITH "waves"))
USE Diffusion
ENDIF
ENDIF
37. • It is impossible to build perfect rules.
• Noise (rules too general) or misses (rules too
granular). Try to strike a balance.
• Be ready for the unexpected. Keep note of possible
equivalent terms when you are not working on the
taxonomy, e.g. “ring of fire”=Earthquakes, “la nina”,
“el nino”, “polar vortex” =Climate change
Taxonomy Enrichment and Rule Building
is a Process