A 22-year-old male presented with gradually increasing swelling in his right foot over the past 6 months. A fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed on the swelling. The FNAC results showed abnormal cells upon microscopic examination.
How do we get beyond "blah blah blah?" How can non-profits use the web to get more done -- instead of drowning in chatter, overload, and distraction? How do we empower our supporters to participate and engage in depth, instead of just talking at them? How do we use the web as a smart collaboration engine, instead of just another communications medium?
In this keynote presentation and discussion, Matt Thompson, Chief Storyteller for the Mozilla Foundation, will share what he's learned from successes and failures in the space. His new mantra -- "think small, do less, work open" -- is a six-word manifesto for organizations seeking smarter collaboration, greater focus and agility, and reduced mental clutter and transaction cost.
In a world of overflowing inboxes and shrinking attention spans, content is no longer king -- meaningful engagement and participation is. So what can we learn from how leading organizations are using open web tools and thinking to let their audiences in, tap greater human potential, and unlock hidden superpowers? Join us for a lively exploration into where the web is headed.
Last year, I uploaded this deck, Simplify Your Life, and was incredibly humbled by the thousands of views, downloads, wonderful comments, being featured on SlideShare, and even having people list it as a favorite.
Since I was recently asked to speak on this deck, I went through and redesigned it, updated it, and updated its look, feel and content.
I hope you all enjoy it as much as you liked the first one! Cheers!
Is your life too loud? Is your daily routine busy and chaotic? Is your mind constantly jam-packed with hundreds of details and to-do lists? Or does your mind keep making noise even when you are trying to relax? If you answered “YES” to any of these questions, this seminar is for you. Join motivational speaker Michelle Neujahr for an inspiring session designed to help you your simplify life, quite the noise in your mind and begin to discover your life purpose. Throughout this session you’ll be challenged to acknowledge the need to simplify, accept responsibility for contentment, face life authentically and learn to appreciate the simple things discovered in the absence of noise. A must attend for people who are serious about simplifying their life right now!
This document provides tips for simplifying your life through better productivity practices. It recommends collecting, processing, organizing, and taking action on your tasks and "stuff". Specific tips include processing inboxes to zero, organizing items into lists based on context like location or required actions, creating project folders, and reviewing everything weekly. It also suggests freeing yourself from distractions by limiting checking email, phone calls, and going offline.
Este documento describe la aplicación Evernote, que permite organizar notas, archivos y documentos en la nube de forma accesible desde distintos dispositivos. Explica cómo instalar la aplicación en un dispositivo móvil a través de las tiendas de aplicaciones, registrarse con una cuenta de correo y explorar las opciones para subir, almacenar y organizar diferentes tipos de archivos en libretas. También menciona las opciones en los menús para acceder a los archivos, libretas, chat, papelera y ajustes de cuenta.
This document provides tips and questions for simplifying life while growing a business. It encourages identifying core values by considering what you would do if you only had 6 months left to live. Your values are expressed through your actions, especially under stress, so focus on what brings you the most joy. The document asserts that fear is the biggest obstacle and offers questions to consider without fear of failure. It recommends focusing on financial, health and relationship goals to simplify life. It also provides tips like using the A-B-C-D-E method to prioritize tasks, delegating work that doesn't need to be done by you, and reducing distractions like unplugging and going to bed early.
Evernote is a tool that allows users to store notes, documents, photos, and more across all of their devices. It can be used to archive communications, create to-do lists, store personal information, and act as an "external brain" to remember everything. Users can add content by typing notes, emailing to their Evernote account, dragging and dropping files, or using the mobile camera. The robust search functionality allows users to find content by keyword, tag, notebook, or attributes like location and date. Premium subscriptions provide additional storage and features like sharing notebooks and annotating PDFs.
#ever123: How To Use Evernote to Organize Your LifeCrystal Paradis
Evernote can be used to organize one's life by collecting information from various sources and easily finding what you need through searching. There are different levels of organization - from dumping everything in one notebook with no tags (Level One), to creating multiple notebooks and tags (Level Two), to having a complex customized system (Level Three). Key aspects include adding content, searching within notes, using notebooks and tags, and sharing notes. Evernote allows for flexible organization and access to information across devices.
How do we get beyond "blah blah blah?" How can non-profits use the web to get more done -- instead of drowning in chatter, overload, and distraction? How do we empower our supporters to participate and engage in depth, instead of just talking at them? How do we use the web as a smart collaboration engine, instead of just another communications medium?
In this keynote presentation and discussion, Matt Thompson, Chief Storyteller for the Mozilla Foundation, will share what he's learned from successes and failures in the space. His new mantra -- "think small, do less, work open" -- is a six-word manifesto for organizations seeking smarter collaboration, greater focus and agility, and reduced mental clutter and transaction cost.
In a world of overflowing inboxes and shrinking attention spans, content is no longer king -- meaningful engagement and participation is. So what can we learn from how leading organizations are using open web tools and thinking to let their audiences in, tap greater human potential, and unlock hidden superpowers? Join us for a lively exploration into where the web is headed.
Last year, I uploaded this deck, Simplify Your Life, and was incredibly humbled by the thousands of views, downloads, wonderful comments, being featured on SlideShare, and even having people list it as a favorite.
Since I was recently asked to speak on this deck, I went through and redesigned it, updated it, and updated its look, feel and content.
I hope you all enjoy it as much as you liked the first one! Cheers!
Is your life too loud? Is your daily routine busy and chaotic? Is your mind constantly jam-packed with hundreds of details and to-do lists? Or does your mind keep making noise even when you are trying to relax? If you answered “YES” to any of these questions, this seminar is for you. Join motivational speaker Michelle Neujahr for an inspiring session designed to help you your simplify life, quite the noise in your mind and begin to discover your life purpose. Throughout this session you’ll be challenged to acknowledge the need to simplify, accept responsibility for contentment, face life authentically and learn to appreciate the simple things discovered in the absence of noise. A must attend for people who are serious about simplifying their life right now!
This document provides tips for simplifying your life through better productivity practices. It recommends collecting, processing, organizing, and taking action on your tasks and "stuff". Specific tips include processing inboxes to zero, organizing items into lists based on context like location or required actions, creating project folders, and reviewing everything weekly. It also suggests freeing yourself from distractions by limiting checking email, phone calls, and going offline.
Este documento describe la aplicación Evernote, que permite organizar notas, archivos y documentos en la nube de forma accesible desde distintos dispositivos. Explica cómo instalar la aplicación en un dispositivo móvil a través de las tiendas de aplicaciones, registrarse con una cuenta de correo y explorar las opciones para subir, almacenar y organizar diferentes tipos de archivos en libretas. También menciona las opciones en los menús para acceder a los archivos, libretas, chat, papelera y ajustes de cuenta.
This document provides tips and questions for simplifying life while growing a business. It encourages identifying core values by considering what you would do if you only had 6 months left to live. Your values are expressed through your actions, especially under stress, so focus on what brings you the most joy. The document asserts that fear is the biggest obstacle and offers questions to consider without fear of failure. It recommends focusing on financial, health and relationship goals to simplify life. It also provides tips like using the A-B-C-D-E method to prioritize tasks, delegating work that doesn't need to be done by you, and reducing distractions like unplugging and going to bed early.
Evernote is a tool that allows users to store notes, documents, photos, and more across all of their devices. It can be used to archive communications, create to-do lists, store personal information, and act as an "external brain" to remember everything. Users can add content by typing notes, emailing to their Evernote account, dragging and dropping files, or using the mobile camera. The robust search functionality allows users to find content by keyword, tag, notebook, or attributes like location and date. Premium subscriptions provide additional storage and features like sharing notebooks and annotating PDFs.
#ever123: How To Use Evernote to Organize Your LifeCrystal Paradis
Evernote can be used to organize one's life by collecting information from various sources and easily finding what you need through searching. There are different levels of organization - from dumping everything in one notebook with no tags (Level One), to creating multiple notebooks and tags (Level Two), to having a complex customized system (Level Three). Key aspects include adding content, searching within notes, using notebooks and tags, and sharing notes. Evernote allows for flexible organization and access to information across devices.
Evernote & Beyond! Tools to Save Time and Make Your Life EasierCrystal Paradis
Broad overview of some cool productivity tools.
More info: http://www.laughtercrystal.com/2014/01/evernote-beyond-productivity-tools-to.html
By Crystal Paradis
vital. | vtldesign.com
Discipline weighs ounces, but regret weighs tons.
The key word is "sacrifice".
It is the ability for you to sacrifice inmediate pleasure or gratification in the present so that you can enjoy greater rewards down the road.
AN ADAPTATION OF BRIAN TRACY\'S TIME MANAGEMENT BEST SELLER "EAT THAT FROG". I HAVE ADDED SOME CAPTIVATING VISUALS TO DRIVE HOME THE POINTS MADE.
Brian Tracy 18 Ways To Program The Mind For SuccessFidel Martinez
This document outlines 18 ways to program the mind for success. It discusses laws like the law of expectations, law of attraction, and law of accumulation. It recommends visualizing goals clearly with emotion, setting specific financial goals, only associating with positive people, and reflecting on goals daily. The overall message is that controlling thoughts and focusing them on your desires can help you achieve success through accumulation and manifestation over time.
This document provides tips for improving self-confidence. It defines self-confidence as a strong perception of oneself that impacts how others perceive you. Some tips included are to dress well, walk faster with good posture, write a personal motivational speech highlighting your strengths, and practice gratitude for your successes and skills to feel more confident. The overall message is that small changes in appearance, body language, and perspective can help build self-confidence.
Self-confidence is a belief or feeling in your own abilities and talents. The way you feel or believe in yourself will impact your reactions i.e. make you either confident or not confident. Do you want to learn the simple secrets to help you improve your self-confidence? Here is presentation that highlights on the simple tips to build self-confidence easily.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
The document discusses self-confidence and low self-confidence. It lists traits of those who are self-confident like doing what they believe is right even if criticized, taking risks to achieve more, and admitting and learning from mistakes. Those with low self-confidence are described as governing their behaviors based on others' opinions, avoiding risks for fear of failure, and trying to cover up mistakes. The document also provides 7 steps to developing self-confidence such as removing negative thoughts and liking yourself.
A 55-year-old female presented with pancytopenia and spleenomegaly. Bone marrow aspiration was dry but imprint smears and biopsy showed relevant findings. A 30-year-old male presented with upper GI obstruction and was found to have an ulcerative duodenal lesion. He underwent Whipple's operation and imaging found enlarged pancreaticoduodenal and paraaortic nodes with mild hepatosplenomegaly. Micrographs of lymph nodes were submitted. A 65-year-old male presented with abdominal discomfort and CT scan showed multiple enlarged retroperitoneal and mesenteric nodes without hepatosplenomegaly; a biopsy of a retroperitoneal lymph node was submitted.
This document summarizes three medical cases. Case 1 involves a right ovarian cyst in a 27-year old female. Case 2 involves a 58-year old female with a cystic right ovary measuring 7x5x3 cm and peritoneal deposits, the largest being 2.5x2x1.3 cm. Gross examination found a cystic right ovary and omental lesions. Case 3 involves a 57-year old with a large retroperitoneal space-occupying lesion from L2-L4, which was biopsied and resected, measuring 10.5x8.5x4.5 cm.
A 55-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and was found to have a large pelvic-abdominal mass measuring 16 x 14 x 10 cm attached to the sigmoid colon and distal descending colon. The resected mass measured 19.5 x 18 x 8 cm and had a nodular grey-white appearance on cut section. A 59-year-old male had a large soft tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus measuring 5 x 4 cm destroying the maxillary walls and extending into the right nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus with an enlarged right level I lymph node. A 55-year-old male presented with multiple cervical and intra-abdominal lymph nodes and underwent a cervical lymph node biopsy. A 4
A 40-year-old male presented with throat pain and difficulty swallowing for 2 years. On examination, a 3x1 cm firm but mobile right cervical lymph node was palpable. He had a history of left hemithyroidectomy 1 year prior. A fine needle aspiration cytology of the right cervical lymph node was performed.
A 22-year-old male presented with swelling of his right foot for 6 months. Histopathological examination of a biopsy from his foot showed abnormal cells infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue consistent with a diagnosis of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. Further tests were recommended to determine the extent and appropriate treatment of his lymphoma.
A 40-year-old man presented with a 1.5x1 cm swelling on his right forearm that had been present for 1 month. On examination, the swelling was soft to firm and mobile. Histopathological examination of the swelling showed features consistent with a lipoma.
An 80-year-old female presented with a 2x2cm firm, nontender lump in her left breast. Fine needle aspiration of the mass extracted 2ml of dirty necrotic material. Microscopic examination of the aspirated material showed abnormal cells consistent with breast cancer.
A 40-year-old man presented with difficulty swallowing. On examination, a 3x1 cm right cervical lymph node was palpable that was mobile and firm. He had a history of left hemithyroidectomy one year ago, and an FNAC of the right cervical lymph node was performed.
A 50-year-old female presented with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy for 8 months. A fine needle aspiration cytology was performed on the right cervical lymph node. The Pap stain of the lymph node sample showed abnormal cells.
A 40-year-old man presented with a 1.5x1 cm swelling on his right forearm that had been present for 1 month. On examination, the swelling was soft to firm and mobile. A biopsy of the swelling showed (details not provided in the given text).
A 80-year-old female presented with a 2x2cm lump in her left breast. On examination, a firm, non-tender mass was found in the lower outer quadrant of the left breast with no palpable axillary nodes. A fine needle aspiration of the lump was performed and 2ml of dirty necrotic material was aspirated.
A 25-year-old woman presented with a lump and pain in her left breast for 4 months. On examination, doctors found a tender, movable lump in the left breast but the right breast and lymph nodes were normal. An ultrasound showed a well-defined lesion in the left breast. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed and revealed abnormal breast cells.
A 78-year-old man presented with a tender swelling on his right forearm that had grown over the past six months. An ultrasound found a mass with areas of necrosis and blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue and muscles. A fine needle aspiration of the mass extracted purulent material. Histopathological examination of the aspirated material showed characteristics of an abscess.
Evernote & Beyond! Tools to Save Time and Make Your Life EasierCrystal Paradis
Broad overview of some cool productivity tools.
More info: http://www.laughtercrystal.com/2014/01/evernote-beyond-productivity-tools-to.html
By Crystal Paradis
vital. | vtldesign.com
Discipline weighs ounces, but regret weighs tons.
The key word is "sacrifice".
It is the ability for you to sacrifice inmediate pleasure or gratification in the present so that you can enjoy greater rewards down the road.
AN ADAPTATION OF BRIAN TRACY\'S TIME MANAGEMENT BEST SELLER "EAT THAT FROG". I HAVE ADDED SOME CAPTIVATING VISUALS TO DRIVE HOME THE POINTS MADE.
Brian Tracy 18 Ways To Program The Mind For SuccessFidel Martinez
This document outlines 18 ways to program the mind for success. It discusses laws like the law of expectations, law of attraction, and law of accumulation. It recommends visualizing goals clearly with emotion, setting specific financial goals, only associating with positive people, and reflecting on goals daily. The overall message is that controlling thoughts and focusing them on your desires can help you achieve success through accumulation and manifestation over time.
This document provides tips for improving self-confidence. It defines self-confidence as a strong perception of oneself that impacts how others perceive you. Some tips included are to dress well, walk faster with good posture, write a personal motivational speech highlighting your strengths, and practice gratitude for your successes and skills to feel more confident. The overall message is that small changes in appearance, body language, and perspective can help build self-confidence.
Self-confidence is a belief or feeling in your own abilities and talents. The way you feel or believe in yourself will impact your reactions i.e. make you either confident or not confident. Do you want to learn the simple secrets to help you improve your self-confidence? Here is presentation that highlights on the simple tips to build self-confidence easily.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
The document discusses self-confidence and low self-confidence. It lists traits of those who are self-confident like doing what they believe is right even if criticized, taking risks to achieve more, and admitting and learning from mistakes. Those with low self-confidence are described as governing their behaviors based on others' opinions, avoiding risks for fear of failure, and trying to cover up mistakes. The document also provides 7 steps to developing self-confidence such as removing negative thoughts and liking yourself.
A 55-year-old female presented with pancytopenia and spleenomegaly. Bone marrow aspiration was dry but imprint smears and biopsy showed relevant findings. A 30-year-old male presented with upper GI obstruction and was found to have an ulcerative duodenal lesion. He underwent Whipple's operation and imaging found enlarged pancreaticoduodenal and paraaortic nodes with mild hepatosplenomegaly. Micrographs of lymph nodes were submitted. A 65-year-old male presented with abdominal discomfort and CT scan showed multiple enlarged retroperitoneal and mesenteric nodes without hepatosplenomegaly; a biopsy of a retroperitoneal lymph node was submitted.
This document summarizes three medical cases. Case 1 involves a right ovarian cyst in a 27-year old female. Case 2 involves a 58-year old female with a cystic right ovary measuring 7x5x3 cm and peritoneal deposits, the largest being 2.5x2x1.3 cm. Gross examination found a cystic right ovary and omental lesions. Case 3 involves a 57-year old with a large retroperitoneal space-occupying lesion from L2-L4, which was biopsied and resected, measuring 10.5x8.5x4.5 cm.
A 55-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and was found to have a large pelvic-abdominal mass measuring 16 x 14 x 10 cm attached to the sigmoid colon and distal descending colon. The resected mass measured 19.5 x 18 x 8 cm and had a nodular grey-white appearance on cut section. A 59-year-old male had a large soft tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus measuring 5 x 4 cm destroying the maxillary walls and extending into the right nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus with an enlarged right level I lymph node. A 55-year-old male presented with multiple cervical and intra-abdominal lymph nodes and underwent a cervical lymph node biopsy. A 4
A 40-year-old male presented with throat pain and difficulty swallowing for 2 years. On examination, a 3x1 cm firm but mobile right cervical lymph node was palpable. He had a history of left hemithyroidectomy 1 year prior. A fine needle aspiration cytology of the right cervical lymph node was performed.
A 22-year-old male presented with swelling of his right foot for 6 months. Histopathological examination of a biopsy from his foot showed abnormal cells infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue consistent with a diagnosis of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. Further tests were recommended to determine the extent and appropriate treatment of his lymphoma.
A 40-year-old man presented with a 1.5x1 cm swelling on his right forearm that had been present for 1 month. On examination, the swelling was soft to firm and mobile. Histopathological examination of the swelling showed features consistent with a lipoma.
An 80-year-old female presented with a 2x2cm firm, nontender lump in her left breast. Fine needle aspiration of the mass extracted 2ml of dirty necrotic material. Microscopic examination of the aspirated material showed abnormal cells consistent with breast cancer.
A 40-year-old man presented with difficulty swallowing. On examination, a 3x1 cm right cervical lymph node was palpable that was mobile and firm. He had a history of left hemithyroidectomy one year ago, and an FNAC of the right cervical lymph node was performed.
A 50-year-old female presented with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy for 8 months. A fine needle aspiration cytology was performed on the right cervical lymph node. The Pap stain of the lymph node sample showed abnormal cells.
A 40-year-old man presented with a 1.5x1 cm swelling on his right forearm that had been present for 1 month. On examination, the swelling was soft to firm and mobile. A biopsy of the swelling showed (details not provided in the given text).
A 80-year-old female presented with a 2x2cm lump in her left breast. On examination, a firm, non-tender mass was found in the lower outer quadrant of the left breast with no palpable axillary nodes. A fine needle aspiration of the lump was performed and 2ml of dirty necrotic material was aspirated.
A 25-year-old woman presented with a lump and pain in her left breast for 4 months. On examination, doctors found a tender, movable lump in the left breast but the right breast and lymph nodes were normal. An ultrasound showed a well-defined lesion in the left breast. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed and revealed abnormal breast cells.
A 78-year-old man presented with a tender swelling on his right forearm that had grown over the past six months. An ultrasound found a mass with areas of necrosis and blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue and muscles. A fine needle aspiration of the mass extracted purulent material. Histopathological examination of the aspirated material showed characteristics of an abscess.
A 35-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and white vaginal discharge. A Pap smear was performed and revealed abnormal cervical cells. The Pap smear results suggest the need for further diagnostic testing and medical evaluation to assess the woman's symptoms and cervical health.
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.