The outlook of including carbon removal in the EU ETS over the coming years. Carbon removal is not ready for the EU ETS, and the EU ETS is not ready for removals. At the same time, the EU ETS needs removals and removals need the ETS.
The document discusses carbon dioxide removal (CDR) markets and policy. It summarizes the IPCC report on CDR and notes that most mid-century climate strategies and Nationally Determined Contributions include CDR, with nature-based methods more widely included. It also outlines current and upcoming carbon markets and legislation related to CDR certification and accounting. Key policy challenges mentioned are the lack of detail on CDR's role, gaps in monitoring and verification for some CDR methods, and ensuring CDR policies consider durability, innovation, and do no harm.
Introduction to the EU Emission Trading SystemLeonardo ENERGY
The EU ETS Directive is the centrepiece of the European Union’s climate policy. It has created the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), which is a unique and quite com-plex system.
The EU ETS establishes a scheme for greenhouse gas emissions allowances trading within 31 European countries. Its functioning is based on a “cap and trade” principle, which sets a cap on the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by all participating installations. Within the cap, companies receive or buy emission allowances which they can trade with one another as needed.
Today, the EU ETS covers almost half of EU’s emissions and is part of the daily life of a large number of companies.
The EU ETS Directive represents the backbone of EU’s action against climate change, but it also works in combination with several other pieces of legislation in a delicate balance.
Our European system has very much evolved during the last 15 years. The existing legislation operates until 2020. It has set a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target in line with EU’s 2050 low carbon economy roadmap. The time has also come to discuss the post-2020 period and the European Commission will soon put forward a new proposal with a 2030 emissions reduction target.
Being the first one to have been setup, the European scheme is analysed and taken as exam-ple in other regions of the world where emissions trading starts being implemented.
This course aims at giving a presentation of the EU ETS Directive, the main features of the sys-tem, the balance with other pieces of EU legislation and at offering perspectives for the on-coming review of the scheme.
The topic of the workshop was the proposal for the Union certification framework for carbon removals, which was published by the European Commission on 30 November 2022.
National Air Quality Strategy: IAQM Committee’s View by Dr Claire HolmanIES / IAQM
The document discusses the Institute of Air Quality Management Committee's views on what should be included in the UK's upcoming National Clean Air Strategy. Key points discussed include:
1) Ensuring the strategy aligns UK and EU air quality legislation and establishes independent oversight of policy effectiveness after Brexit.
2) Setting exposure reduction targets in addition to air quality standards to better protect public health.
3) Providing clear plans and timelines to meet emission ceilings for particulate matter and ammonia from sectors like transportation, agriculture, and domestic burning.
4) Strengthening the planning system to give more weight to air quality considerations in development.
5) Committing to continued research on air pollution sources,
The European Environment Agency provides information to support environmental policymaking in Europe. It analyzes the state of the environment, pressures on the environment, policies, and future scenarios. The agency's clients include the European Commission, governments, NGOs, scientists, and the general public. One of the agency's objectives is to play a key role in developing and monitoring the effectiveness of European environmental policies. It aims to support the policy process around issues like climate change and help citizens understand related issues in their daily lives.
More than 20 years ago, the EU vowed to fight the newly identified danger of climate change. Over time, it has developed a policy which is two-fold: on one hand, it looks at ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inside EU borders and now has 2050 as horizon; on the other hand, it tends to lead by example and to push other big emitters to gather around similar emission reduction objectives.
Pursuing the idea of giving a price to carbon, the EU has put in place an instrument that would lead it towards decarbonisation: the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Launched in 2005, it has today become a complex system which is being reproduced in other parts of the world. The ultimate vision is one of a global carbon market leading to a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and thus mitigating the impact of climate change.
Part 3 B Cop15 Failure Analysis Transparency Evaluation in Climate ChangeSandip Sen
Continuing our 10 Part COP15 Failure Analysis we find that Transparency of Emission measurement is a Key Issue, where all nations be it EU, Asia and US are found wanting. We evaluate here the strength and the effectiveness of the EU ETS and give the pros and cons of the developing world following this model for curbing emissions.
The document provides an overview of global warming and climate change topics, including:
- Discussing the causes and evidence of rising global temperatures and melting ice sheets.
- Explaining key organizations and agreements related to addressing climate change, such as the IPCC, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, and Marrakech Accords.
- Describing flexible mechanisms established by the Kyoto Protocol to reduce emissions, including emissions trading, clean development mechanism, and joint implementation.
- Providing details on carbon credits and how they are generated by emission reduction projects.
The document discusses carbon dioxide removal (CDR) markets and policy. It summarizes the IPCC report on CDR and notes that most mid-century climate strategies and Nationally Determined Contributions include CDR, with nature-based methods more widely included. It also outlines current and upcoming carbon markets and legislation related to CDR certification and accounting. Key policy challenges mentioned are the lack of detail on CDR's role, gaps in monitoring and verification for some CDR methods, and ensuring CDR policies consider durability, innovation, and do no harm.
Introduction to the EU Emission Trading SystemLeonardo ENERGY
The EU ETS Directive is the centrepiece of the European Union’s climate policy. It has created the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), which is a unique and quite com-plex system.
The EU ETS establishes a scheme for greenhouse gas emissions allowances trading within 31 European countries. Its functioning is based on a “cap and trade” principle, which sets a cap on the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by all participating installations. Within the cap, companies receive or buy emission allowances which they can trade with one another as needed.
Today, the EU ETS covers almost half of EU’s emissions and is part of the daily life of a large number of companies.
The EU ETS Directive represents the backbone of EU’s action against climate change, but it also works in combination with several other pieces of legislation in a delicate balance.
Our European system has very much evolved during the last 15 years. The existing legislation operates until 2020. It has set a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target in line with EU’s 2050 low carbon economy roadmap. The time has also come to discuss the post-2020 period and the European Commission will soon put forward a new proposal with a 2030 emissions reduction target.
Being the first one to have been setup, the European scheme is analysed and taken as exam-ple in other regions of the world where emissions trading starts being implemented.
This course aims at giving a presentation of the EU ETS Directive, the main features of the sys-tem, the balance with other pieces of EU legislation and at offering perspectives for the on-coming review of the scheme.
The topic of the workshop was the proposal for the Union certification framework for carbon removals, which was published by the European Commission on 30 November 2022.
National Air Quality Strategy: IAQM Committee’s View by Dr Claire HolmanIES / IAQM
The document discusses the Institute of Air Quality Management Committee's views on what should be included in the UK's upcoming National Clean Air Strategy. Key points discussed include:
1) Ensuring the strategy aligns UK and EU air quality legislation and establishes independent oversight of policy effectiveness after Brexit.
2) Setting exposure reduction targets in addition to air quality standards to better protect public health.
3) Providing clear plans and timelines to meet emission ceilings for particulate matter and ammonia from sectors like transportation, agriculture, and domestic burning.
4) Strengthening the planning system to give more weight to air quality considerations in development.
5) Committing to continued research on air pollution sources,
The European Environment Agency provides information to support environmental policymaking in Europe. It analyzes the state of the environment, pressures on the environment, policies, and future scenarios. The agency's clients include the European Commission, governments, NGOs, scientists, and the general public. One of the agency's objectives is to play a key role in developing and monitoring the effectiveness of European environmental policies. It aims to support the policy process around issues like climate change and help citizens understand related issues in their daily lives.
More than 20 years ago, the EU vowed to fight the newly identified danger of climate change. Over time, it has developed a policy which is two-fold: on one hand, it looks at ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inside EU borders and now has 2050 as horizon; on the other hand, it tends to lead by example and to push other big emitters to gather around similar emission reduction objectives.
Pursuing the idea of giving a price to carbon, the EU has put in place an instrument that would lead it towards decarbonisation: the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Launched in 2005, it has today become a complex system which is being reproduced in other parts of the world. The ultimate vision is one of a global carbon market leading to a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and thus mitigating the impact of climate change.
Part 3 B Cop15 Failure Analysis Transparency Evaluation in Climate ChangeSandip Sen
Continuing our 10 Part COP15 Failure Analysis we find that Transparency of Emission measurement is a Key Issue, where all nations be it EU, Asia and US are found wanting. We evaluate here the strength and the effectiveness of the EU ETS and give the pros and cons of the developing world following this model for curbing emissions.
The document provides an overview of global warming and climate change topics, including:
- Discussing the causes and evidence of rising global temperatures and melting ice sheets.
- Explaining key organizations and agreements related to addressing climate change, such as the IPCC, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, and Marrakech Accords.
- Describing flexible mechanisms established by the Kyoto Protocol to reduce emissions, including emissions trading, clean development mechanism, and joint implementation.
- Providing details on carbon credits and how they are generated by emission reduction projects.
Public Policy to Mitigate Climate Change: Europe’s Experience with Cap-and-TradeStefan U. Pauer, PhD
Stefan Pauer presented on Europe's experience with cap-and-trade policies to address climate change. He discussed the problem of man-made climate change and potential policy solutions. Europe implemented the largest cap-and-trade system in the world, the EU ETS, which caps total emissions and allows companies to trade allowances. However, the carbon market price has been low in recent years due to oversupply of allowances. Reforms are needed such as tightening the emissions cap, removing excess allowances, or introducing a price floor to strengthen incentives to cut emissions.
European policies for_energy_and_environmentmandika
The document discusses European Union policies around energy and the environment. It notes that the Lisbon Treaty in 2007 made energy an explicit EU policy area for the first time. It outlines some of the key EU directives and programs established to promote renewable energy, energy efficiency, and emissions reductions. These include the "20-20-20" targets of 20% reductions in emissions, 20% renewable energy, and 20% energy savings by 2020. Programs like Intelligent Energy Europe and LIFE+ provide funding to support these goals.
Carbon tech : transitional path way towards tomorrow ?碳技術:通往明天的過渡道路Kevin Lognoné
The document discusses opportunities for cooperation between Taiwan and the EU on sustainability issues. It mentions that the European Innovation Week will feature seminars and networking events to facilitate cooperation between European and Taiwanese companies on topics like circular economy, hydrogen, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. One planned seminar will discuss the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and its implications, an important area of cooperation between Taiwan and the EU. The document also provides examples of sustainability initiatives in Taiwan and Europe, such as sugarcane straws as a plastic alternative and converting pig waste into renewable hydrogen.
2023 Carbon Markets and Carbon Removal by Eve Tamme.pdfEve Tamme
An introduction to Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and the Voluntary Carbon Markets. How do Article 6 markets and VCM differ? What is the link between the two market types?
Introduction to Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), its role in climate change mitigation. Removals under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Removals in the voluntary carbon markets.
The relationship between states and private actors. How can corporates get involved?
Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards...Shane Mitchell
The document summarizes the European Union's strategy towards becoming a low carbon society. The strategy includes:
1) Setting binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020 and increase the share of renewables to 20% by 2020.
2) Improving energy markets through measures like unbundling energy production from transmission.
3) Expanding the emission trading scheme to more sectors and gases and improving its functioning.
4) Supporting low carbon technologies through funding programs and initiatives in areas like renewable energy and energy efficiency.
5) Promoting sustainable urban development and transport through programs like Concerto, Civitas, and the Covenant of Mayors.
The document provides an overview of the European Union (EU) and some key environmental issues relevant to the European Copper Institute (ECI). It discusses the EU's institutions and policymaking process. It then summarizes ECI's involvement in several important EU environmental policies, including the risk assessment of copper, the REACH regulation on chemicals, waste policy, and policies addressing air, water, soil and industrial pollution.
Carbon disclosure in South Africa: Corporate green wash of genuine transition...Alfred Bimha
1) The document discusses carbon assets that have been created to mitigate climate change globally and their implications for Africa. These include Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) credits and potential credits from Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD).
2) An estimated 2.9 billion CDM credits were expected by 2012 but only 2.16 billion have been issued so far, leaving 0.74 billion outstanding due to lack of demand from developed countries struggling economically.
3) Africa has benefited little from CDM thus far due to high costs and risk perceptions but hopes REDD credits can provide future assets if governance issues are addressed and benefits remain in-country. The future of carbon markets remains
Routes to Clean Air 2016 Richard Howard, Policy ExchangeIES / IAQM
Talk title: How to solve London's air quality crisis
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
London’s approach to cleaning the air: Integrated Air Quality policies - Step...IES / IAQM
London is taking an integrated approach to improving air quality through policies that reduce emissions from traffic, buildings, and other sources. The strategies aim to make London's air the cleanest of any major world city by 2050. This will require continued emission reductions from various sectors as London's population grows. The plans include expanding ultra-low emission zones, promoting hybrid/electric buses and taxis, tighter emissions standards for construction equipment, and designing developments to minimize pollution exposure and accommodate low-emission energy and transport.
“The dilemma for achieving sustainable net zero at the energy-environment ne...Kyungeun Sung
“The dilemma for achieving sustainable net zero at the energy-environment nexus” – Dr Abhishek Tiwary, De Montfort University, presenting at the Net Zero Conference 2022, ‘Research Journeys in/to Net Zero: Current and Future Research Leaders in the Midlands, UK’ (on Friday 24th June 2022 at De Montfort University)
This document provides an overview of the history and legislative structure of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). It describes how the EU ETS was established to help the EU meet its commitments under the Kyoto Protocol. The EU ETS has gone through several phases since 2005 to improve its functioning. As an environmental law, decisions about the EU ETS are made at the EU level through legislation proposed by the European Commission and approved by the European Parliament and European Council.
The EU ETS and global level playing field: the carbon leakage listLeonardo ENERGY
In the design of the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) aiming at reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Europe in a cost-effective manner, the co-legislators introduced an element aimed at restoring global level playing field for the industrial sectors which would see their international competitiveness hampered by the additional costs brought by European policy. It was decided that sectors exposed to a high risk of carbon leakage would benefit from a certain amount of free allocation of emission allowances as long as their competitors outside of the EU are not subject to comparable policies.
The definition of “carbon leakage” itself is multifaceted and disputed. The system that has been built ad hoc at EU level is no less complex and burdensome. It has resulted in the elaboration of a series of eligibility steps, going from the periodic carbon leakage list through product-specific benchmarks to the application of a reduction factor aiming at keeping the level of emissions under the cap set in the Directive.
This course will look at this system from the legislative principles viewpoint as well as from the practical side based on past experience. It will also present some perspectives from the EU ETS review exercise launched in July 2015. Last but not least, it will revert back to the global perspective by observing the state of play in the aftermath of the COP21.
The document discusses the EU's Coal Regions in Transition Initiative. It aims to support coal regions transition to cleaner energy through developing transition strategies and concrete projects. A multi-stakeholder Platform and country teams work with regions to identify actions and accelerate transition. The Platform provides stakeholder dialogue, shares best practices, and guides access to EU funds. Initial country teams are working with regions in Slovakia, Poland, Greece, Romania, and Czechia. Upcoming deliverables include establishing a Platform Secretariat to organize meetings, provide technical assistance to regions, and develop support materials.
The document discusses the European Commission's recommendation for an EU climate target for 2040:
- It recommends a 90% net greenhouse gas reduction target for 2040 compared to 1990 levels.
- This target was determined based on a detailed impact assessment and advice from the EU's climate advisory board.
- The 2040 target aims to put the EU on a pathway to achieving climate neutrality by 2050 in line with the European Climate Law.
- The recommendation for a 2040 target will inform discussions on the EU's next Nationally Determined Contribution to be submitted in 2025 under the Paris Agreement.
Some thoughts on future air quality issues - Professor Martin WilliamsIES / IAQM
Professor Martin Williams discusses several issues related to future air quality in the UK and Europe. He outlines challenges in meeting commitments in the UK Clean Air Strategy and uncertainties around the effectiveness of clean air zones and real-world vehicle emissions. Williams also notes potential antagonisms between climate change policies aimed at reducing CO2 and air quality if measures like increased biomass burning are not properly managed. He summarizes upcoming changes to WHO air quality guidelines and uncertainties following Brexit regarding environmental regulations and oversight.
Carbon footprint and its application to citieseAmbiente
The document summarizes a presentation given by Gabriella Chiellino and Federico Balzan of eAmbiente Srl on carbon footprint and its application to cities. The presentation discusses the carbon footprint and life cycle assessment, the Covenant of Mayors initiative which involves cities committing to reduce CO2 emissions by at least 20% by 2020, and the steps involved in developing a Sustainable Energy Action Plan under the Covenant.
Commission proposal for a Carbon Removal Certification (CRC) RegulationEtifor srl
Presentazione di Valeria Forlin (DG Clima, European Commision) al webinar "2023: crediti di carbonio e foreste", organizzato da Etifor il 12 gennaio 2023.
Guest presentation Dr Chikage Miyoshi, April 2015.
www.cranfield.ac.uk/about/people-and-resources/academic-profiles/satm-ac-profile/dr-chikage-c-miyoshi.html
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/itslectureseries
This unit provides an overview of waste policy development at the EU level, from initial concerns over public health and the environment to the current focus on limiting resource consumption and promoting a circular economy. It outlines key EU waste directives including the Waste Framework Directive, Landfill Directive, and Industrial Emissions Directive. It also discusses producer responsibility legislation and the recent Circular Economy Package, which aims to further increase recycling and promote eco-design through new targets and actions.
Climate Principles is a climate policy advisory, founded in 2021 by Eve Tamme. It works with private sector, NGOs, and public sector, providing strategic advice on carbon markets, carbon removal and carbon capture.
Its client portfolio includes carbon removal start-ups, leading carbon removal and carbon capture technology providers, large consultancies, public affairs companies, stock exchanges, think tanks, academia and environmental NGOs.
Climate Principles focuses on climate policy and regulation and has worked extensively on the intersection of carbon dioxide removal and voluntary and compliance carbon markets, including international carbon markets under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
International Carbon Markets and Direct Air Capture and StorageEve Tamme
The role of Direct Air Capture and Storage in the international carbon markets. The presentation covers non-exhaustive snapshots of carbon removal certification frameworks and policy requirements that enable DACS to establish a more substantial role in the international carbon markets.
Public Policy to Mitigate Climate Change: Europe’s Experience with Cap-and-TradeStefan U. Pauer, PhD
Stefan Pauer presented on Europe's experience with cap-and-trade policies to address climate change. He discussed the problem of man-made climate change and potential policy solutions. Europe implemented the largest cap-and-trade system in the world, the EU ETS, which caps total emissions and allows companies to trade allowances. However, the carbon market price has been low in recent years due to oversupply of allowances. Reforms are needed such as tightening the emissions cap, removing excess allowances, or introducing a price floor to strengthen incentives to cut emissions.
European policies for_energy_and_environmentmandika
The document discusses European Union policies around energy and the environment. It notes that the Lisbon Treaty in 2007 made energy an explicit EU policy area for the first time. It outlines some of the key EU directives and programs established to promote renewable energy, energy efficiency, and emissions reductions. These include the "20-20-20" targets of 20% reductions in emissions, 20% renewable energy, and 20% energy savings by 2020. Programs like Intelligent Energy Europe and LIFE+ provide funding to support these goals.
Carbon tech : transitional path way towards tomorrow ?碳技術:通往明天的過渡道路Kevin Lognoné
The document discusses opportunities for cooperation between Taiwan and the EU on sustainability issues. It mentions that the European Innovation Week will feature seminars and networking events to facilitate cooperation between European and Taiwanese companies on topics like circular economy, hydrogen, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. One planned seminar will discuss the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and its implications, an important area of cooperation between Taiwan and the EU. The document also provides examples of sustainability initiatives in Taiwan and Europe, such as sugarcane straws as a plastic alternative and converting pig waste into renewable hydrogen.
2023 Carbon Markets and Carbon Removal by Eve Tamme.pdfEve Tamme
An introduction to Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and the Voluntary Carbon Markets. How do Article 6 markets and VCM differ? What is the link between the two market types?
Introduction to Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), its role in climate change mitigation. Removals under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Removals in the voluntary carbon markets.
The relationship between states and private actors. How can corporates get involved?
Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho - European Commission - The EU Strategy Towards...Shane Mitchell
The document summarizes the European Union's strategy towards becoming a low carbon society. The strategy includes:
1) Setting binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2020 and increase the share of renewables to 20% by 2020.
2) Improving energy markets through measures like unbundling energy production from transmission.
3) Expanding the emission trading scheme to more sectors and gases and improving its functioning.
4) Supporting low carbon technologies through funding programs and initiatives in areas like renewable energy and energy efficiency.
5) Promoting sustainable urban development and transport through programs like Concerto, Civitas, and the Covenant of Mayors.
The document provides an overview of the European Union (EU) and some key environmental issues relevant to the European Copper Institute (ECI). It discusses the EU's institutions and policymaking process. It then summarizes ECI's involvement in several important EU environmental policies, including the risk assessment of copper, the REACH regulation on chemicals, waste policy, and policies addressing air, water, soil and industrial pollution.
Carbon disclosure in South Africa: Corporate green wash of genuine transition...Alfred Bimha
1) The document discusses carbon assets that have been created to mitigate climate change globally and their implications for Africa. These include Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) credits and potential credits from Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD).
2) An estimated 2.9 billion CDM credits were expected by 2012 but only 2.16 billion have been issued so far, leaving 0.74 billion outstanding due to lack of demand from developed countries struggling economically.
3) Africa has benefited little from CDM thus far due to high costs and risk perceptions but hopes REDD credits can provide future assets if governance issues are addressed and benefits remain in-country. The future of carbon markets remains
Routes to Clean Air 2016 Richard Howard, Policy ExchangeIES / IAQM
Talk title: How to solve London's air quality crisis
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
London’s approach to cleaning the air: Integrated Air Quality policies - Step...IES / IAQM
London is taking an integrated approach to improving air quality through policies that reduce emissions from traffic, buildings, and other sources. The strategies aim to make London's air the cleanest of any major world city by 2050. This will require continued emission reductions from various sectors as London's population grows. The plans include expanding ultra-low emission zones, promoting hybrid/electric buses and taxis, tighter emissions standards for construction equipment, and designing developments to minimize pollution exposure and accommodate low-emission energy and transport.
“The dilemma for achieving sustainable net zero at the energy-environment ne...Kyungeun Sung
“The dilemma for achieving sustainable net zero at the energy-environment nexus” – Dr Abhishek Tiwary, De Montfort University, presenting at the Net Zero Conference 2022, ‘Research Journeys in/to Net Zero: Current and Future Research Leaders in the Midlands, UK’ (on Friday 24th June 2022 at De Montfort University)
This document provides an overview of the history and legislative structure of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). It describes how the EU ETS was established to help the EU meet its commitments under the Kyoto Protocol. The EU ETS has gone through several phases since 2005 to improve its functioning. As an environmental law, decisions about the EU ETS are made at the EU level through legislation proposed by the European Commission and approved by the European Parliament and European Council.
The EU ETS and global level playing field: the carbon leakage listLeonardo ENERGY
In the design of the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) aiming at reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Europe in a cost-effective manner, the co-legislators introduced an element aimed at restoring global level playing field for the industrial sectors which would see their international competitiveness hampered by the additional costs brought by European policy. It was decided that sectors exposed to a high risk of carbon leakage would benefit from a certain amount of free allocation of emission allowances as long as their competitors outside of the EU are not subject to comparable policies.
The definition of “carbon leakage” itself is multifaceted and disputed. The system that has been built ad hoc at EU level is no less complex and burdensome. It has resulted in the elaboration of a series of eligibility steps, going from the periodic carbon leakage list through product-specific benchmarks to the application of a reduction factor aiming at keeping the level of emissions under the cap set in the Directive.
This course will look at this system from the legislative principles viewpoint as well as from the practical side based on past experience. It will also present some perspectives from the EU ETS review exercise launched in July 2015. Last but not least, it will revert back to the global perspective by observing the state of play in the aftermath of the COP21.
The document discusses the EU's Coal Regions in Transition Initiative. It aims to support coal regions transition to cleaner energy through developing transition strategies and concrete projects. A multi-stakeholder Platform and country teams work with regions to identify actions and accelerate transition. The Platform provides stakeholder dialogue, shares best practices, and guides access to EU funds. Initial country teams are working with regions in Slovakia, Poland, Greece, Romania, and Czechia. Upcoming deliverables include establishing a Platform Secretariat to organize meetings, provide technical assistance to regions, and develop support materials.
The document discusses the European Commission's recommendation for an EU climate target for 2040:
- It recommends a 90% net greenhouse gas reduction target for 2040 compared to 1990 levels.
- This target was determined based on a detailed impact assessment and advice from the EU's climate advisory board.
- The 2040 target aims to put the EU on a pathway to achieving climate neutrality by 2050 in line with the European Climate Law.
- The recommendation for a 2040 target will inform discussions on the EU's next Nationally Determined Contribution to be submitted in 2025 under the Paris Agreement.
Some thoughts on future air quality issues - Professor Martin WilliamsIES / IAQM
Professor Martin Williams discusses several issues related to future air quality in the UK and Europe. He outlines challenges in meeting commitments in the UK Clean Air Strategy and uncertainties around the effectiveness of clean air zones and real-world vehicle emissions. Williams also notes potential antagonisms between climate change policies aimed at reducing CO2 and air quality if measures like increased biomass burning are not properly managed. He summarizes upcoming changes to WHO air quality guidelines and uncertainties following Brexit regarding environmental regulations and oversight.
Carbon footprint and its application to citieseAmbiente
The document summarizes a presentation given by Gabriella Chiellino and Federico Balzan of eAmbiente Srl on carbon footprint and its application to cities. The presentation discusses the carbon footprint and life cycle assessment, the Covenant of Mayors initiative which involves cities committing to reduce CO2 emissions by at least 20% by 2020, and the steps involved in developing a Sustainable Energy Action Plan under the Covenant.
Commission proposal for a Carbon Removal Certification (CRC) RegulationEtifor srl
Presentazione di Valeria Forlin (DG Clima, European Commision) al webinar "2023: crediti di carbonio e foreste", organizzato da Etifor il 12 gennaio 2023.
Guest presentation Dr Chikage Miyoshi, April 2015.
www.cranfield.ac.uk/about/people-and-resources/academic-profiles/satm-ac-profile/dr-chikage-c-miyoshi.html
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/courses/masters/itslectureseries
This unit provides an overview of waste policy development at the EU level, from initial concerns over public health and the environment to the current focus on limiting resource consumption and promoting a circular economy. It outlines key EU waste directives including the Waste Framework Directive, Landfill Directive, and Industrial Emissions Directive. It also discusses producer responsibility legislation and the recent Circular Economy Package, which aims to further increase recycling and promote eco-design through new targets and actions.
Climate Principles is a climate policy advisory, founded in 2021 by Eve Tamme. It works with private sector, NGOs, and public sector, providing strategic advice on carbon markets, carbon removal and carbon capture.
Its client portfolio includes carbon removal start-ups, leading carbon removal and carbon capture technology providers, large consultancies, public affairs companies, stock exchanges, think tanks, academia and environmental NGOs.
Climate Principles focuses on climate policy and regulation and has worked extensively on the intersection of carbon dioxide removal and voluntary and compliance carbon markets, including international carbon markets under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
International Carbon Markets and Direct Air Capture and StorageEve Tamme
The role of Direct Air Capture and Storage in the international carbon markets. The presentation covers non-exhaustive snapshots of carbon removal certification frameworks and policy requirements that enable DACS to establish a more substantial role in the international carbon markets.
Enhanced Weathering Conference 2022 - Eve Tamme on CDR PolicyEve Tamme
Europe is finally tackling the missing part in its climate policy toolbox – carbon removal. The upcoming Certification for Carbon Removals aims to feed into both the voluntary and regulatory carbon markets. If executed well, this will serve as an example globally.
* The Paris Agreement and subsequent flurry of net-zero targets is shaping today’s climate policy. Now, every policy is a climate policy
* The role of emission reductions and carbon removal in climate action will evolve, and the latest IPCC report has shed new light on how
* The world is moving beyond the announcement of climate targets and into getting things done – this is a much bigger challenge on both country and corporate level
* There are exciting policy developments in Europe that will shape the world for corporates for decades to come
* The role and shape of carbon markets is changing, we’re in a transition phase and expecting convergence of voluntary and compliance carbon markets
* SMEs have various roles in climate action, there are also global initiatives to facilitate this work.
The FitFor55 Package proposes several changes to support carbon capture and storage (CCS), primarily within the EU Emissions Trading System. The key developments include including all modes of CO2 transport, doubling the size of the Innovation Fund, and introducing Carbon Contracts for Difference. The Effort Sharing Regulation will continue supporting bioenergy with CCS and waste-to-energy with CCS. However, there are differing interpretations on how EU policies apply to CO2 transport and storage. Beyond FitFor55, various other policies and initiatives could further support CCS development.
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...vijaykumar292010
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Carbon Removals and EU ETS future
1. Carbon Removals and EU ETS future
Eve Tamme
Managing Director
Climate Principles
Managing the future risks of the EU ETS and Net Zero, 20 April 2023
2. Who am I?
Eve Tamme
• 20 years of experience in climate policy, 15 years as a
policymaker
• Worked on the EU ETS since its launch in 2005
• Managing Director of Climate Principles — climate policy
advisory with a focus on carbon markets, carbon removal
and carbon capture
• Chair of Zero Emissions Platform
• Board of Directors at Puro.earth
• Board of Advisors at Carbon Gap
• Part of the European Commissions Expert Group on Carbon
Removals (observer in an individual capacity)
• Writing, speaking and media engagements + climate policy
blog at evetamme.com
3.
4. Carbon Removal Methods
Source: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Certification – What is it and why is it needed? Carbon Gap, Bellona and CATF, 2022
5. Source: The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal – 1st Edition, 2023
Broad durability timescale
6. Agreed LRF 4.3 % per year 2024-2027 and 4.4 2028-2030, reaching zero at 2039
EU ETS reaches zero in 2039
Source: Wilfried Rickels, Roland Rothenstein, Felix Schenuit, Mathias Fridahl, Procure, Bank, Release: Carbon Removal Certificate Reserves to Manage Carbon Prices on the
Path to Net-Zero, Energy Research & Social Science, Volume 94, 2022
• Decreasing allowance
supply
• Increasing volatility
and price spikes
7. Including removals in the EU ETS
Three main ways to include removals in the EU ETS in its current form:
1) as new activities in Annex I of the EU ETS Directive, or
2) by allowing the use of carbon removal certificates from outside the EU
ETS for compliance in the EU ETS, or
3) combination of the two options above.
8. Considerations
What types of removals?
Governance
Quantity
How many removals?
How? The ETS design,
role of gvts etc
From when? A phased
approach?
Timing
Quality
“… by July 2026 the Commission should report to the European Parliament and to the Council on how
emissions removed from the atmosphere and safely and permanently stored, for example through
direct air capture, could potentially be covered by emissions trading, without offsetting necessary
emissions reductions.”
9. Source: La Hoz Theuer, S., Doda, B., Kellner, K. and Acworth, W. (2021). Emission Trading Systems and Net Zero: Trading Removals. Berlin: ICAP.
Governance models (1)
10. Governance models (2)
Rickels et al:
• Conditional supply of carbon
removal certificates to the EU ETS to
support dynamic carbon price caps
• Supply organised by Carbon Central
Bank (no direct exchange between
emitters and carbon removal project
developers)
• Creates further options for climate
policy by more flexibility in
managing the purchase and the
inventory of purchased certificates
11. Conclusions
• The EU ETS needs removals, and removals
need the EU ETS
• The upcoming 2040 climate target defines
the way forward. 2030-2040 will need to see
substantial scale-up of removals
• There is a wide range of governance options
to consider + aspects of timing, quality and
quantity
• The allowance price will not be enough to
scale more expensive carbon removal
methods. CCfDs and other tools can help.