Cannabis Science & Police Summit - Day 1 - Zinsmeister
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The document discusses public opinion and the UN drug conventions regarding drug policy reforms. It summarizes that legalization is still a minority position at the UN as the majority of member states still favor prohibitionist approaches. Several polls and surveys cited show that public opinion in Europe and Latin America also generally opposes marijuana legalization and favors maintaining prohibition. When asked about decriminalization, reaction is still mixed. The Latin American public sees drugs as both a security and public health issue.
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![2©
Legalization is a minority position within the
United Nations
Source: “La sordera de la ONU,” Nexos (April 1, 2016)
“Desafortunadamente, para quienes defendemos la reforma y
pedimos la abolición de la prohibición a nivel global, la mayoría de los
Estados miembros fluctúan todavía entre la línea dura y el
conservadurismo puritano [i.e., países como Japón, Suecia, España,
Paraguay, Perú, Cuba y Sudáfrica].”
-Lisa Sánchez (abril de 2016)
“Unfortunately, for those of us who defend reform and push to abolish
prohibition at the global level, the majority of Member States still
stand somewhere between taking a hard line and a puritanical
conservatism [i.e., countries such as Japan, Sweden, Spain, Paraguay,
Peru, Cuba, and South Africa].”
-Lisa Sánchez (April 2016)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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This document analyzes the legal marijuana market in Washington state using traceability data from the state's seed-to-sale tracking system. Three key findings are: (1) Prices fell substantially over time due to increased supply and competition among producers and processors; (2) While product characteristics changed dramatically, retail quantities were not significantly affected by a tax change, suggesting demand is inelastic; (3) Entry into the market was high initially but has slowed, and supply has increased substantially.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Kagan
This document discusses options for regulating recreational marijuana in California if legalized. It recommends taking a relatively tight initial regulatory approach to create a single market, building in the ability to change regulations over time based on data, and requiring extensive data collection. Key regulatory areas to focus on include cultivation and production licensing, restricting sales to adults, establishing taxes, preventing impaired driving and abuse, and designating an oversight agency. An effective regulatory system would manage the entire supply chain, limit youth access, raise revenue, and monitor public health and safety impacts ongoing.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Fortin
1) The document analyzes cannabis policy and markets in Colorado following legalization of recreational cannabis.
2) It finds evidence that the recreational market is cannibalizing the medical market, especially in tourist counties, but is also expanding overall demand.
3) A dual pricing scheme, with lower prices for medical patients and higher prices for recreational users, has successfully achieved price discrimination and appears optimal for balancing economic and social outcomes.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Midgette
This document summarizes a report on marijuana legalization in Vermont. It finds that marijuana use is more prevalent in Vermont than the rest of the US. Currently, Vermont spends $800,000-$1.1 million annually prohibiting marijuana. The report discusses 12 policy alternatives to the status quo and models potential tax revenue from legalization, finding it could be in the tens of millions annually from Vermont users alone. However, regulation costs and uncertainty around impacts on substance use make projections difficult.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - MacCoun
This document summarizes key points from Jon's talk on cannabis legalization. It notes that national legalization following an alcohol model is likely. Long-run cannabis consumption may double. Prices and quantity consumed matter more than the number of consumers. There are many policy levers but it is unclear if they are being used effectively to learn what works. National legalization is not guaranteed and effects in states like Colorado are still uncertain due to many complicating factors. The fundamental tradeoff is that legalization may reduce average harm per dose while increasing total doses consumed, with the net public health effect unknown.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Hall
This document discusses complications that arise when comparing the risks of alcohol and cannabis. While cannabis appears less harmful than alcohol in some ways, its legal status and patterns of use are confounded by prohibition. Additionally, risks may increase with legalization, such as from more potent products, and cannabis use has been correlated with poorer cognitive and social outcomes from sustained daily use. Finally, there are regulatory and health education challenges to legalizing cannabis in a way that minimizes risks of dependence and impairment while developing credible public health advice.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Courtwright
The document discusses regulating cannabis as a "temptation good" by learning from other vices like alcohol and proposes a "Goth-Pot" system where cannabis would be produced and sold by a public monopoly trust with limited advertising, retail locations, and product potency to prevent abuse and unwanted habits, similar to Sweden's historical Gothenburg System for regulating alcohol. It also includes poll data showing most Americans see tobacco as more harmful than alcohol, sugar, or marijuana.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Caulkins
This document discusses different aspects of legalizing marijuana, including defining levels of legalization and comparing marijuana legalization to other regulated substances and markets. It also provides statistics on current marijuana use patterns in the US, highlighting that most use is concentrated among relatively heavy users and those with substance abuse problems. The potential public health impacts of legalization are uncertain and will depend on how regulations shape the legal market.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Smart
This document outlines a study examining the effects of growth in legal medical marijuana markets on substance use and abuse. It describes collecting new data on registered medical marijuana patients to measure the size of legal markets over time. Variation in state supply regulations and federal enforcement are used to identify how legal market size impacts recreational marijuana use and other health outcomes like traffic accidents and mortality. Results suggest that while medical marijuana laws alone have little effect, growth in the size of the legal market increases adolescent marijuana use but reduces alcohol- and opioid-related deaths among older adults by substituting marijuana for those substances.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Jelsma
This document discusses cannabis regulation and the UN drug control treaties. It notes that the 1961 Single Convention placed cannabis in Schedule I and IV, requiring abolition of traditional and medical uses. However, some countries were allowed transitional reservations for traditional use. The document questions whether the WHO ever properly reviewed cannabis or recommended its scheduling. It discusses options for reforming the UN drug treaties to allow more flexibility for countries to design their own cannabis policies.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Rolles
The document outlines 10 steps for designing legal access to cannabis: 1) agree on policy aims and principles; 2) establish a methodology to evaluate policy impacts; 3) establish an independent commission of experts to develop policy details; 4) identify and mitigate key risks learned from regulating alcohol and tobacco; 5) ensure enforcement structures and capacity for any new regulatory framework. The steps also include controlling commercial incentives to increase consumption; initially meeting existing demand through legal supply roughly matching illegal supply; avoiding diversifying cannabis products and prohibiting advertising as much as possible; and balancing market access and appeal.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Mead
This document discusses GW Pharmaceuticals' investigation of Cannabidiol (CBD) as a potential therapeutic product. GW Pharmaceuticals is developing a purified CBD product called Epidiolex to treat rare and severe forms of childhood epilepsy. Clinical trials showed Epidiolex significantly reduced seizures in patients with Dravet Syndrome. If approved by the FDA, Epidiolex would be the first prescription drug in the United States containing a purified drug substance derived from cannabis. The FDA approval process ensures patient safety and requires rigorous clinical trials, but takes years and is expensive.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Williams
The document summarizes state medical marijuana programs in the United States. It finds that there is great variation among state programs, with an average score of 1.96 out of 7 on factors reflecting a medical model. Programs enacted more recently through state legislatures in Northeastern and Midwestern states (medicalized programs) tend to be more highly regulated compared to earlier voter initiative programs in Western states (non-medical programs). Medicalized programs have fewer participants, with an average of 58 enrollments per 100,000 residents compared to over 1,000 in non-medical programs. The presentation concludes with a case study of New York's strictly regulated medical marijuana program.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Seiveright
Jamaica has recently passed legislation decriminalizing possession of small amounts of cannabis and legalizing its medical use. This represents progress toward reforming cannabis laws, which were made stricter under British rule and international treaties, despite cannabis having traditional medical and religious uses in Jamaica. The new law allows possession of up to 2 ounces, cultivation of up to 5 plants per household, and imports/exports for medical or scientific purposes. However, regulations are still pending and challenges remain regarding banking restrictions and reactions from other countries.
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Peyraube
Uruguay has reformed its drug policy based on a framework of security, public health, and human rights. It prioritizes human rights conventions and national sovereignty over international drug conventions. Uruguay regulates cannabis to reduce the negative impacts of drugs and incarceration for possession. The regulation creates a domestic cannabis industry and allows medical use and research. Adults can access cannabis through self-cultivation, cannabis clubs, or purchasing up to 40 grams per month from pharmacies. Production is licensed and regulated by the government.
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Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 2 - Jacobson
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 2 - Jacobson
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Wetterau
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Wetterau
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Midgette
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Midgette
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - MacCoun
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - MacCoun
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Courtwright
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Courtwright
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Caulkins
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Caulkins
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Williams
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Williams
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Seiveright
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Seiveright
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Peyraube
Cannabis Science & Policy Summit - Day 1 - Peyraube
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The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
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What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
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原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
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Cannabis Science & Police Summit - Day 1 - Zinsmeister
- 1. © The UN drug conventions and public opinion Jeff Zinsmeister April 2016
- 2. 2© Legalization is a minority position within the United Nations Source: “La sordera de la ONU,” Nexos (April 1, 2016) “Desafortunadamente, para quienes defendemos la reforma y pedimos la abolición de la prohibición a nivel global, la mayoría de los Estados miembros fluctúan todavía entre la línea dura y el conservadurismo puritano [i.e., países como Japón, Suecia, España, Paraguay, Perú, Cuba y Sudáfrica].” -Lisa Sánchez (abril de 2016) “Unfortunately, for those of us who defend reform and push to abolish prohibition at the global level, the majority of Member States still stand somewhere between taking a hard line and a puritanical conservatism [i.e., countries such as Japan, Sweden, Spain, Paraguay, Peru, Cuba, and South Africa].” -Lisa Sánchez (April 2016)
- 3. 3© Drugs not under int’l control Drugs under int’l control Percentage of people worldwide who used drugs in the past year (ages 15+) Source: WHO & UNODC (alcohol data from 2014; tobacco data from 2012; illegal drugs data from 2013)
- 4. 4© Over half of youth in most EU countries opposed marijuana legalization in a 2014 poll Source: Eurobarometer (2014) Poll of 15 to 24-year-olds—should marijuana be legal across the EU? ` `
- 5. 5© Latin American public opinion also generally opposes marijuana legalization Source: CESOP, Parametria, Poliarquía, Factum, IBOPE, Cadem Do you favor the legalization of marijuana for recreational use?
- 6. 6© Reaction is mixed at best even if you ask Latins if they favor decriminalization OR legalization Source: Latin American Observatory for Drug Policy & Public Opinion (OPDOP) survey, 2014-15 Do you favor de-penalizing or legalizing the following activities?
- 7. 7© The Latin American public sees drugs as a mix between a security and a public health issue Source: Latin American Observatory for Drug Policy & Public Opinion (OPDOP) survey, 2014-15