The document traces the history of photography from its earliest beginnings with Johann Schulz's discovery that silver nitrate changes color with light exposure, enabling the first photographs, to major innovations like the first photograph by Joseph Niepce using camera obscura, Louis Daguerre's process requiring only 30 minutes of exposure, the development of negative prints by William Henry Talbot, and faster exposure times due to the collodion process. It highlights inventions like gelatin dry plates by Richard Maddox allowing photos to be developed later, the first roll film camera by George Eastman, instant film by Polaroid, and digital cameras developed by companies like Canon, Sony, Kodak and others, leading to widespread camera phones.