1) The alcalde form of government originated in Spain and served as a judge, jury, and chief executive in local communities in early California. This era represented a fusion of Mexican and American cultures as American immigrants came and intermarried with local families. 2) In 1848, carpenter James Marshall discovered gold near a sawmill he was building for John Sutter, sparking the California Gold Rush. Tests confirmed the sparkling pieces were gold, bringing thousands of prospectors to California. 3) The film industry was drawn to Los Angeles in the early 1900s due to the reliably good weather, with films like "Carmen" taking advantage of outdoor filming.

1. California: Part 1 Kelsey Taylor History 141

2. Chapter 4 alcalde form of government originated in Islamic and Christian Spain very military based- it served as judge, jury and chief executive in the local community this era represented a fusion of Mexico and the United States it fused Yankee-Latino culture because Yankee immigrants came to Alta California and married into local families

3. Chapter 4 Samuel Brannan San Francisco based entrepreneur Mormon elder owned: a flour mill, the California Star newspaper and a provisions and hardware business led 224 Mormons to the area He chose California because they were persecuted in the East and Midwest Mormons brought social solidarity and much-needed manual skills to California

4. Chapter 4 Discovery of Gold On January 24, 1848, while building a sawmill on John Sutter’s land, carpenter James Marshall noticed something sparkly near the river. At first he just thought they were pieces of quartz but looking closer, he realized it wasn’t that. Because he had some previous knowledge of minerals, he knew that they were either sulphuret of iron or they were gold. After pounding it between 2 rocks and seeing that it was maleable, he knew that what he was indeed gold. He ran more tests and came to the conclusion that it was in fact gold. Eureka!

5. Chapter 11 Los Angeles film industry first seen in the outdoor scenes for the “Count of Monte Cristo” 1st complete film to be made in L.A.- “In the Sultan’s Power” used the reliably good weather to film “Carmen” Selig staff appreciated the distance from the subpoena servers hired by Edison Laboratories Between 1908 and 1909 many filmmakers decided to leave the East for sunny L.A. director Mark Sennet caught on film the process of Los Angeles becoming a major American city Americans across the country watched these films and were attracted to it always being sunny and never having snow on the ground

6. Chapter 11 Photography 2 men were determined to lead a campaign to restore photography to its own terms Edward Watson- after a period of Abstract Expressionism, returned to the beauty of the outdoors, based in Carmel Ansel Adams- San Francisco born, already an accomplished photographer by the age of 15, had a great affinity for nature especially the Yosemite Valley

7. Chapter 11 Baseball introduced in California in 1859 but remained a minor league state until 1958 with the arrival of the Giants and Dodgers notable players in the Pacific Coast League Joe DiMaggio (San Francisco Seals) Ted Williams (San Diego Padres)

8. Chapter 6 Josiah Royce experienced California as a boy in a mining camp, a student in San Francisco, and an undergraduate at UC Berkley his life spanned the development of California from a remote frontier to an American province of continuing promise and even some distinction saw California as a prism through which the larger American identity could be glimpsed

9. Chapter 6 agriculture Southern California was created to be like a neo-Mediterranean landscape with its citrus and vineyards of olives, deciduous fruits, date palms and honey-producing apiaries 1905- California Fruit Growers Eschange was formed- “Sunkist” in Fresno County, the California Raisin Exchange developed “Sun Maid” brand many trees from all over the world were planted in California

10. Chapter 6 Los Angeles beginning of the 20th century, California’s 2 major cities were San Francisco and San Diego but the Pacific Electric Railway brought the Big Red Cars to L.A. and they connected the city of Angels to most of the cities and towns on the Los Angeles plain. They transformed Los Angeles into the hub of So Cal