To calculate P(0.1 ≤ Z ≤ 0.1), find the probability that the standard normal random variable Z lies between 0.1 and -0.1. This probability is 0, because the upper bound is less than the lower bound.
Calculate the expected payments for- A- Office visit- new patient- det.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate the expected payments for: A. Office visit, new patient, detailed history/examination,
low-complexity decision making, in Manhattan, NY B. Coronary artery graft in San Francisco,
CA C. Repair of heart vessel fistula in Columbus, OH D. Coronary artery correction in
Galveston, TX.
Calculate the Beta for Meta- Apple- Amazon- Netflix- and Alphabet for.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate the Beta for Meta, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, and Alphabet for the calendar year
2020. Enter your answers in the boxes provided. Upload at least one worksheet to show
your calculations.
Calclum is essential to tree growth- In 1990- the concentration of cal.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calclum is essential to tree growth. In 1990, the concentration of calcium in precipitation in a
certain area was 0.11 milligrams per liter ( L mg ) . A random sample of 10 precipitation dates in
2018 results in the following data table. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. (a) State the
hypotheses for determining if the mean concentration of calcium precipitation has changed since
1990..
Calculate an estimated value of a share (P0) of the stock using the Co.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate an estimated value of a share (P0) of the stock using the Constant Growth Model By
using the historical rate of growth in the dividend, the assumption is that the company will
sustain its recent rate of dividend growth into the future. D 0 = $2.57 G = .02 R = .105.
Caitlin- Chris- and Molly are partners and share income and losses in.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Caitlin, Chris, and Molly are partners and share income and losses in a 3:4:3 ratio. The
partnership's capital balances are Caitlin, $129,000; Chris, $89,000; and Molly, $109,000. Paul is
admitted to the partnership on July 1 with a 20% equity and invests $169,000. The balance in
Caitlin's capital account immediately after Paul's admission is:
$169,000
$116,920
$129,940
$149,940
$108,060.
Caitlyn Communications reported the following figures from its adjuste.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Caitlyn Communications reported the following figures from its adjusted trial balance for its first
year of business, which ended on July 31,2024 : (Click the icon to view the accounts and
balances.) Prepare Caitlyn Communications' multi-step income statement for the year ended July
31,2024 . (Use a minus sign or parentheses to show other expenses.) Data table.
Calculate the expected payments for- A- Office visit- new patient- det.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate the expected payments for: A. Office visit, new patient, detailed history/examination,
low-complexity decision making, in Manhattan, NY B. Coronary artery graft in San Francisco,
CA C. Repair of heart vessel fistula in Columbus, OH D. Coronary artery correction in
Galveston, TX.
Calculate the Beta for Meta- Apple- Amazon- Netflix- and Alphabet for.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate the Beta for Meta, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, and Alphabet for the calendar year
2020. Enter your answers in the boxes provided. Upload at least one worksheet to show
your calculations.
Calclum is essential to tree growth- In 1990- the concentration of cal.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calclum is essential to tree growth. In 1990, the concentration of calcium in precipitation in a
certain area was 0.11 milligrams per liter ( L mg ) . A random sample of 10 precipitation dates in
2018 results in the following data table. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. (a) State the
hypotheses for determining if the mean concentration of calcium precipitation has changed since
1990..
Calculate an estimated value of a share (P0) of the stock using the Co.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Calculate an estimated value of a share (P0) of the stock using the Constant Growth Model By
using the historical rate of growth in the dividend, the assumption is that the company will
sustain its recent rate of dividend growth into the future. D 0 = $2.57 G = .02 R = .105.
Caitlin- Chris- and Molly are partners and share income and losses in.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Caitlin, Chris, and Molly are partners and share income and losses in a 3:4:3 ratio. The
partnership's capital balances are Caitlin, $129,000; Chris, $89,000; and Molly, $109,000. Paul is
admitted to the partnership on July 1 with a 20% equity and invests $169,000. The balance in
Caitlin's capital account immediately after Paul's admission is:
$169,000
$116,920
$129,940
$149,940
$108,060.
Caitlyn Communications reported the following figures from its adjuste.pdfNIRMALJAI08
Caitlyn Communications reported the following figures from its adjusted trial balance for its first
year of business, which ended on July 31,2024 : (Click the icon to view the accounts and
balances.) Prepare Caitlyn Communications' multi-step income statement for the year ended July
31,2024 . (Use a minus sign or parentheses to show other expenses.) Data table.
c- What is the probability that Z is between 1-51 and 1-81- The probab.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. What is the probability that Z is between 1.51 and 1.81 ? The probability that Z is between
1.51 and 1.81 is (Round to four decimal places as needed.).
C- Vitamin D is required for the absorption and deposition of calcium.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Vitamin D is required for the absorption and deposition of calcium ions. Vitamin C is required
for the synthesis of the protein collagen. Predict the effect on bone health of a diet deficient in
vitamins D and C ..
c- The login program will disallow logins of any students who enter th.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. The login program will disallow logins of any students who enter their passwords incorrectly
three times. d. The permissions of the file containing Carol's homework will prevent Robert from
cheating and copying it. e. When World Wide Web traffic climbs to more than 80% of the
network's capacity, systems will disallow any further communications to or from Web servers. f.
Annie, a systems analyst, will be able to detect a student using a program to scan her system for
vulnerabilities. g. A program used to submit homework will turn itself off just after the due date..
C- Quantity Theory of Money In the country of Wiknam- assume that V is.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Quantity Theory of Money In the country of Wiknam, assume that V is constant. Real GDP M
grows by 2% per year and the money stock ( M ) grows by 7% percent per year. What is the
growth rate of the price level, P? Use the equation: M + % V = % P + % Y . ( 6 points) Show
your calculations,.
C- Picea mariana (black spruce) atsk This specimen was collected trom.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Picea mariana (black spruce) atsk This specimen was collected trom a ling tree (bark date A
.0.1975 locaied near Dubant late, in Nanawt, the largest and newest (1995) teriaty in Canada. (w
istront) 18. This tree indicates extremely slow growth, except for the first few years. The few
large rings are due to complacency (little or no growth stress) at youth. How many years was the
tree growing in complacency? 19. This mature black spruce tree was growing to the west of
Hudson Bay, and it was cut in 1975. The rings of the northern boreal forest are too narrow to see
without magnification, so you will have to estimate. Approximately when did this tree start to
grow? 20. Explain why a tree of this age has such small annual rings. Answer in terms of the
environment within which it grew. Realize that this tree was growing at the northernmost part of
the boreal forest, i.e., just south of the tundra..
c) Lefp and q be the pixels at coordinates (10-15) and (15-25) respect.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c) Lefp and q be the pixels at coordinates ( 10 , 15 ) and ( 15 , 25 ) respectively. Find out the
distance measure which gives minimum distance between pixels.
c- Identify a paraphyletic group in this phylogenetic tree and explain.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. Identify a paraphyletic group in this phylogenetic tree and explain what characteristic(s) might
be used (in the absence of a phylogenetic tree) to incorrectly group the species into a
paraphyletic group instead of a monophyletic group.
d. Define synapomorphy and predict one you might find on this tree and which organism(s)
would have that character.
e. Explain what the difference in branch lengths of humans and mice indicates and why that is a
useful tool in phylogenetic trees..
C- elegans are one of the most common model organisms in biology- C-.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. elegans are one of the most common model organisms in biology. C. elegans
typically have 6 pairs of homologous chromosomes, 5 pairs of autosomes and 1
pair of sex chromosomes. C. elegans exist as two different sexes . About 99.98%
of C. elegans are self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and the other 0.02% are non-
self-fertilizing males. C. elegans hermaphrodites undergo meiosis in two different
locations, one location producing egg cells and the other producing sperm.
During fertilization, these two cell types are brought together to produce a
fertilized egg which is then laid by the animal.
What is the 2n (diploid) number of a typical C. elegans ?.
c++ The following questions are about the Memento design pattern- 6-1.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c++
The following questions are about the Memento design pattern. 6.1 Both Serializer and Memento
design patterns save states of objects and can be used to provide a roll-back facility. When would
you use Memento instead of Serializer? 6.2 What objects does Caretaker hold? 6.3 Why is
originator a friend of Memento? (2) 6.4 Assume that a state of originator is saved at some stage
using the Memento design pattern. State the sequence of actions required to roll back to the
saved state of originator. (4).
C and D are events with probabilities P(C)-0-15-P(D)-0-3- and P(C UD)-.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C and D are events with probabilities P ( C ) = 0.15 , P ( D ) = 0.3 , and P ( C U D ) = 0.35 . Find
P ( C D ) , the conditional probability that C happens, given that we know D happened..
C++ Deviation from Average (Recursion) Instructions Step 1- Write a.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C++
Deviation from Average (Recursion)
Instructions
Step 1:
Write a recursive function called Deviation which passes array A and Dev as arrays with size n
and average, a floating point, as two other parameters. The function calculates the deviation (not
standard deviation), that is the difference between an element and average, for each element and
stores the deviation in array Dev[]. Both negative and positive differences are acceptable. Use
the average function below in (Step 2) to calculate average and pass it as input for the last
parameter. The function declaration (or signature) is:
void Deviation(int A[], double Dev[], int n, double average)
Step 2:
To help the function Deviation function use or pass the average value, write a function called
average which passes an array A, the size n, the size which is constant and the accumulating sum
which is already set to 0 to begin with. The function uses tail recursion approach to calculate the
average as floating-point and returns it. You must typecast the calculation into floating-point
when calculating. The function declaration is:
double average(int A[], int n, const int size, int sum = 0)
For this algorithm, you are required to implement it recursively.
Step 3:
In the main function, use two arrays where A stores integers and B stores floating-point numbers.
Using the functions, determine the deviations of each element from the mean, then display the
differences from array B..
C++ Data Structures and Algorithms Part 1- -- Write a program to dem.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C++ Data Structures and Algorithms
Part 1.
// Write a program to demonstrate class called Room. and one object
// Room1, This program has 3 private members L (lenght), W (width), and H (hight), find
volume of this room
// Assigned values to the member of this class at the main. Display volume to the screen
Part 2.
//use previous program to demonstrate memebr access specifier (public, and private)
Part 3.
Use previous program and define your member function outside of the class..
C) Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding sp.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C) Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding spoken words ? D) Which
number identifies the region responsible for feeling an object touchin the skin?
A) Which number identifies the region that allows a person to see the figure on this page? B)
Which number identifies the region that allows a person to say the words in this question? C)
Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding spoken words? D) Which
number identifies the region responsible for feeling an object touching the skin?.
c) Every week a family visits their favourite restaurant- The restaura.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c) Every week a family visits their favourite restaurant. The restaurant has 15 tables, and on each
visit the family is seated at a table chosen uniformly at random, with all choices being
independent. Show that the probability is at least 1/2 that the family will sit at every table in the
restaurant over the course of a year..
C programming Create a program to find the largest element of an arr.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C programming
Create a program to find the largest element of an array using pointers
Create an array int num[] = {50, 14, 25, 68, 78, 3}
Assign the first element of the array to a largest variable using pointer (int large - *num)
Use a loop to access each element of the array
Compare the large number with each array element using pointer
large < *(num+i)
If value in large variable is smaller than element, assign the array value to large as large = *(num
+ i).
C programing 1- What is the type of the formal parameters in the foll.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C programing
1- What is the type of the formal parameters in the following function?
int sum(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}
2- If a "switch" statement's "case" does not have a "break;" before the next "case", execution will
continue into the next "case".
TRUE
FALSE.
C program Write a loop that will prompt the user to enter characters.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C program
Write a loop that will prompt the user to enter characters and display a message as long as the
user does NOT enter a capital Q The messages are as follows: for a capital A display
"Excellent", for a capital B display "Above Average" for any other input display "input is not
recognized" Declare and initialize any variables needed.
BYou are studying a gene in C- elegans that on Chromosome III and is h.pdfNIRMALJAI08
B You are studying a gene in C. elegans that on Chromosome III and is
homozygous recessive for its allele pair. Assuming there are no mutations, would
you ever expect to get an offspring that is a genotype other than homozygous
recessive? Explain your answer using genetics terms. Draw it out if it helps..
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
c- What is the probability that Z is between 1-51 and 1-81- The probab.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. What is the probability that Z is between 1.51 and 1.81 ? The probability that Z is between
1.51 and 1.81 is (Round to four decimal places as needed.).
C- Vitamin D is required for the absorption and deposition of calcium.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Vitamin D is required for the absorption and deposition of calcium ions. Vitamin C is required
for the synthesis of the protein collagen. Predict the effect on bone health of a diet deficient in
vitamins D and C ..
c- The login program will disallow logins of any students who enter th.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. The login program will disallow logins of any students who enter their passwords incorrectly
three times. d. The permissions of the file containing Carol's homework will prevent Robert from
cheating and copying it. e. When World Wide Web traffic climbs to more than 80% of the
network's capacity, systems will disallow any further communications to or from Web servers. f.
Annie, a systems analyst, will be able to detect a student using a program to scan her system for
vulnerabilities. g. A program used to submit homework will turn itself off just after the due date..
C- Quantity Theory of Money In the country of Wiknam- assume that V is.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Quantity Theory of Money In the country of Wiknam, assume that V is constant. Real GDP M
grows by 2% per year and the money stock ( M ) grows by 7% percent per year. What is the
growth rate of the price level, P? Use the equation: M + % V = % P + % Y . ( 6 points) Show
your calculations,.
C- Picea mariana (black spruce) atsk This specimen was collected trom.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. Picea mariana (black spruce) atsk This specimen was collected trom a ling tree (bark date A
.0.1975 locaied near Dubant late, in Nanawt, the largest and newest (1995) teriaty in Canada. (w
istront) 18. This tree indicates extremely slow growth, except for the first few years. The few
large rings are due to complacency (little or no growth stress) at youth. How many years was the
tree growing in complacency? 19. This mature black spruce tree was growing to the west of
Hudson Bay, and it was cut in 1975. The rings of the northern boreal forest are too narrow to see
without magnification, so you will have to estimate. Approximately when did this tree start to
grow? 20. Explain why a tree of this age has such small annual rings. Answer in terms of the
environment within which it grew. Realize that this tree was growing at the northernmost part of
the boreal forest, i.e., just south of the tundra..
c) Lefp and q be the pixels at coordinates (10-15) and (15-25) respect.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c) Lefp and q be the pixels at coordinates ( 10 , 15 ) and ( 15 , 25 ) respectively. Find out the
distance measure which gives minimum distance between pixels.
c- Identify a paraphyletic group in this phylogenetic tree and explain.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c. Identify a paraphyletic group in this phylogenetic tree and explain what characteristic(s) might
be used (in the absence of a phylogenetic tree) to incorrectly group the species into a
paraphyletic group instead of a monophyletic group.
d. Define synapomorphy and predict one you might find on this tree and which organism(s)
would have that character.
e. Explain what the difference in branch lengths of humans and mice indicates and why that is a
useful tool in phylogenetic trees..
C- elegans are one of the most common model organisms in biology- C-.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C. elegans are one of the most common model organisms in biology. C. elegans
typically have 6 pairs of homologous chromosomes, 5 pairs of autosomes and 1
pair of sex chromosomes. C. elegans exist as two different sexes . About 99.98%
of C. elegans are self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and the other 0.02% are non-
self-fertilizing males. C. elegans hermaphrodites undergo meiosis in two different
locations, one location producing egg cells and the other producing sperm.
During fertilization, these two cell types are brought together to produce a
fertilized egg which is then laid by the animal.
What is the 2n (diploid) number of a typical C. elegans ?.
c++ The following questions are about the Memento design pattern- 6-1.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c++
The following questions are about the Memento design pattern. 6.1 Both Serializer and Memento
design patterns save states of objects and can be used to provide a roll-back facility. When would
you use Memento instead of Serializer? 6.2 What objects does Caretaker hold? 6.3 Why is
originator a friend of Memento? (2) 6.4 Assume that a state of originator is saved at some stage
using the Memento design pattern. State the sequence of actions required to roll back to the
saved state of originator. (4).
C and D are events with probabilities P(C)-0-15-P(D)-0-3- and P(C UD)-.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C and D are events with probabilities P ( C ) = 0.15 , P ( D ) = 0.3 , and P ( C U D ) = 0.35 . Find
P ( C D ) , the conditional probability that C happens, given that we know D happened..
C++ Deviation from Average (Recursion) Instructions Step 1- Write a.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C++
Deviation from Average (Recursion)
Instructions
Step 1:
Write a recursive function called Deviation which passes array A and Dev as arrays with size n
and average, a floating point, as two other parameters. The function calculates the deviation (not
standard deviation), that is the difference between an element and average, for each element and
stores the deviation in array Dev[]. Both negative and positive differences are acceptable. Use
the average function below in (Step 2) to calculate average and pass it as input for the last
parameter. The function declaration (or signature) is:
void Deviation(int A[], double Dev[], int n, double average)
Step 2:
To help the function Deviation function use or pass the average value, write a function called
average which passes an array A, the size n, the size which is constant and the accumulating sum
which is already set to 0 to begin with. The function uses tail recursion approach to calculate the
average as floating-point and returns it. You must typecast the calculation into floating-point
when calculating. The function declaration is:
double average(int A[], int n, const int size, int sum = 0)
For this algorithm, you are required to implement it recursively.
Step 3:
In the main function, use two arrays where A stores integers and B stores floating-point numbers.
Using the functions, determine the deviations of each element from the mean, then display the
differences from array B..
C++ Data Structures and Algorithms Part 1- -- Write a program to dem.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C++ Data Structures and Algorithms
Part 1.
// Write a program to demonstrate class called Room. and one object
// Room1, This program has 3 private members L (lenght), W (width), and H (hight), find
volume of this room
// Assigned values to the member of this class at the main. Display volume to the screen
Part 2.
//use previous program to demonstrate memebr access specifier (public, and private)
Part 3.
Use previous program and define your member function outside of the class..
C) Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding sp.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C) Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding spoken words ? D) Which
number identifies the region responsible for feeling an object touchin the skin?
A) Which number identifies the region that allows a person to see the figure on this page? B)
Which number identifies the region that allows a person to say the words in this question? C)
Which number identifies the region responsible for understanding spoken words? D) Which
number identifies the region responsible for feeling an object touching the skin?.
c) Every week a family visits their favourite restaurant- The restaura.pdfNIRMALJAI08
c) Every week a family visits their favourite restaurant. The restaurant has 15 tables, and on each
visit the family is seated at a table chosen uniformly at random, with all choices being
independent. Show that the probability is at least 1/2 that the family will sit at every table in the
restaurant over the course of a year..
C programming Create a program to find the largest element of an arr.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C programming
Create a program to find the largest element of an array using pointers
Create an array int num[] = {50, 14, 25, 68, 78, 3}
Assign the first element of the array to a largest variable using pointer (int large - *num)
Use a loop to access each element of the array
Compare the large number with each array element using pointer
large < *(num+i)
If value in large variable is smaller than element, assign the array value to large as large = *(num
+ i).
C programing 1- What is the type of the formal parameters in the foll.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C programing
1- What is the type of the formal parameters in the following function?
int sum(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}
2- If a "switch" statement's "case" does not have a "break;" before the next "case", execution will
continue into the next "case".
TRUE
FALSE.
C program Write a loop that will prompt the user to enter characters.pdfNIRMALJAI08
C program
Write a loop that will prompt the user to enter characters and display a message as long as the
user does NOT enter a capital Q The messages are as follows: for a capital A display
"Excellent", for a capital B display "Above Average" for any other input display "input is not
recognized" Declare and initialize any variables needed.
BYou are studying a gene in C- elegans that on Chromosome III and is h.pdfNIRMALJAI08
B You are studying a gene in C. elegans that on Chromosome III and is
homozygous recessive for its allele pair. Assuming there are no mutations, would
you ever expect to get an offspring that is a genotype other than homozygous
recessive? Explain your answer using genetics terms. Draw it out if it helps..
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
