Cacao and cocoa beans are primarily grown in three regions - West Africa, South America and Central America, and South Asia and Oceania. The cocoa tree grows 4-5 meters tall and produces pods containing 20-50 white cocoa beans. Pods are harvested, fermented, dried, and roasted to produce cocoa beans. The beans are then cracked, ground, and mixed with other ingredients like sugar and milk to make chocolate. However, most of the world's cocoa is grown and harvested by small family farms in West Africa, where workers are paid very low wages, often below $1 per day.

1. CACAO AND COCOA BEANS
M.KEMAL AYKUT 3-C NO:58

2. Index
• Where do they grow?
• How do they grow?
• How chocolate is made?
• Who is growing and harvesting cacao?
• How much do the workers get paid to
harvest cacao pods?

3. • There are three production regions:
• The Gulf of Guinea
• Côte d’Ivoire,
• Ghana,
• Nigeria,
• Cameroon
• South America, Central America
and the Caribbean
• Brazil
• Ecuador
• Peru
• South Asia and Oceania
• Indonesia
• Malaysia
• Papua New Guinea
Where do they grow?

4. • The cocoa tree is 4 - 5 m
• It has so many leaves
• Flowers are on the trunk and along the branches.
• Flowers produces 10 – 80 fruits(pods)
• Pods contain 20 to 50 White beans
How do they grow?

5. • Cacao pods are harvested.
• Pods are opened and fermented.
• Beans are dried.
• Cacao beans are roasted.
• Beans are cracked and seperated.(Cocoa nibs)
• Nibs are ground. Sugar,milk or vanilla added.
• Chocolate is tempered.
• Melted chocolate is moulded and taped.
• Chocolate bar is wrapped.
How chocolate is made?

6. • 90% of cocoa is grown on small family farms of 2 to 5
hectares.
• The average farmer makes $1400-$2000 in a year, $5 a
day. Each farmer needs 6-10 workers. That makes $0.50-
$0.84 a day.(Below World Bank’s poverty line of $1.90 a
day)
• Female farmers are paid as little as $0.23 a day.
Who is growing/harvesting?

7. • https://readcacao.com/blog/bean-to-bar-how-chocolate-is-made/
• https://makechocolatefair.org/issues/cocoa-production-nutshell
• https://www.tradingvisions.org/content/there-enough-money-
cocoa-supply-chain
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329281374_Cocoa_pro
duction_and_processing
References
Chocolate is delicious!!!

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