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The document discusses principles for successful financial inclusion in a country. The nine principles are: leadership and commitment from government, diversity in financial services and providers, innovation to expand access, consumer protection, financial empowerment, cooperation across stakeholders, using data and evidence for policymaking, proportional regulations based on risk, and an appropriate regulatory framework in line with international standards. It also lists four reasons why a firm may prefer raising capital outside its local market: lower foreign interest rates, currency depreciation benefits, less regulation abroad, and favorable economic conditions.
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FICCI UNEP | India Inquiry on Designing a Sustainable Financial System for IndiaFederation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)
This document provides recommendations for developing a sustainable financial system in India. Key recommendations include:
I. Enhancing the financial system's capacity to respond to climate change and sustainable development by driving innovation in banking, insurance, investments and securities.
II. Developing a sustainability-oriented market framework that incentivizes sustainable infrastructure financing, builds skills in the financial sector, incentivizes public sector sustainable investments, boosts efficiency in SMEs, and redirects cross-border financial flows.
III. Implementing regulations and incentives like tax credits to increase equity investment in clean energy, strengthening green financing institutions, expanding priority sector lending to renewable energy, and reforming the National Clean Energy Fund.
IV.Competetive advantage of nations
The document discusses the roles of government and companies in developing competitive advantage for nations. It provides several recommendations for government policy, including focusing on specialized factor creation, avoiding intervening in factor and currency markets, enforcing strict product and environmental standards, and promoting sustained investment. It also recommends deregulating competition and enforcing strong antitrust policies. For companies, it suggests creating pressures for innovation, seeking capable competitors, establishing early warning systems, globalizing selectively, and locating home bases in nations that support competitive advantage.
#TCI2019 Keynote Elvira Haezendonck -The maturity level of your cluster organ...
The document discusses how government policies should evolve to support clusters as they mature. It proposes that clusters can be measured on a maturity scale based on factors like industry scale, structure, and networks. Policies should focus on different areas depending on whether a cluster is emerging, growing, or mature. For emerging clusters, policies could improve factor conditions and demand. Growing clusters may benefit from initiatives to stimulate competition, cooperation, and skills. Mature clusters may need policies that eliminate rigidities and support innovation to avoid decline. The role of government is also seen as evolving from direct assistance to an indirect role of facilitating collaboration as clusters become more advanced.
Innovations in Tax Compliance: Building Trust, Navigating Politics, and Tailo...
Innovations in Tax Compliance: Building Trust, Navigating Politics, and Tailo...International Centre for Tax and Development - ICTD
In many developing countries, tax revenues remain far below levels needed to provide citizens with basic services or fund extra spending to minimize the impact of COVID-19. But as governments look for ways to strengthen tax collection systems, they must take a holistic approach to tax reform that includes building citizens’ trust, says a new World Bank report.
Innovations in Tax Compliance: Building Trust, Navigating Politics, and Tailoring Reforms outlines a novel, integrated framework for improving tax systems based on three core pillars: enforcement, facilitation, and trust. According to the report, when implemented alongside reforms to boost enforcement and improve facilitation, strategies to increase trust between taxpayers and tax administrations can lead to higher rates of compliance and build a foundation of public support for more effective taxation.
“The report offers feasible, clear-cut paths to putting trust building into practice,” said Edward Olowo-Okere, Director of the World Bank’s Governance Global Practice. “With detailed information on successful initiatives, it urges reformers to focus on how to more effectively tailor strategies to local contexts and constraints. In Freetown, Sierra Leone, for example, successful property tax reform followed significant public education programs and new forums for engagement between taxpayers and the city.”
“Discussions about how to raise extra resources are especially relevant now that governments across the world are having to substantially increase public expenditure to protect people and economies from the damage wrought by the pandemic,” said Marcello M. Estevão, the Bank’s Global Director for Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment. “Fiscal pressures are growing because of record-high levels of debt in lower- and middle-income countries and because of the need to transition to a green economy.”
Tax reforms have leaned heavily toward strengthening tax enforcement and facilitating compliance, with sanctions for citizens and corporations that avoid paying their obligations and mechanisms that make it as easy as possible for taxpayers to find out what they owe and make payments. Despite important successes, these efforts have not been sufficient to consistently deliver more effective, equitable, and accountable tax systems. In fact, taxation of the wealthy remains highly ineffective in many countries. Weak taxation in many places appears rooted in political resistance to more effective taxation, low trust and compliance, and the difficulties posed by wealth held offshore.
Recent research has shown that a lack of trust in the state’s role as both tax collector and service provider remains an important deterrent for many would-be taxpayers to enter the formal economy or pay their full taxes – and undermines broader political support for reform efforts.
The report was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the World Bank’s Global Tax Program.Po b lecture 4 macro economics and regulation students(1)
This document provides an overview of macroeconomic principles and business regulation. It discusses Porter's Diamond model of national competitive advantage and factor mobility theory. It also examines business cycles, the role of government and regulation in stimulating the economy. Both the pros and cons of regulation are considered, including how it can create efficient markets but also stifle creativity. Different regulatory bodies in the UK are outlined.
Final Research Paper_IELPO 2008-2009_Vutha HING
This document is a research paper examining trade liberalization in Cambodia's financial sector. It begins with an introduction that provides background on Cambodia's gradual opening of its financial sector over the last decade. It then reviews literature showing that financial sector liberalization can help build more robust and efficient financial systems.
The paper then assesses the degree of Cambodia's financial sector liberalization based on its commitments under the GATS. It analyzes indicators related to the depth, outreach, competition, and efficiency of Cambodia's financial system both before and after liberalization. The findings suggest that trade liberalization, particularly under GATS, has played a role in strengthening Cambodia's financial performance by widening access and improving competition and efficiency. However,
Chapter11
The document discusses various strategies that multinational companies use to organize their global marketing operations. It describes how companies have moved from standardization to localization approaches over the decades. Common strategies discussed include decentralization, adapting to local tastes, and focusing on long term planning. The planning process for global markets is outlined in four phases: preliminary analysis, adapting the marketing mix, developing a marketing plan, and implementation. Alternative market entry strategies like exporting, contractual agreements, direct foreign investment are also summarized.
Advance notice amsupplychaininitiativefinal 1
A £125 million fund has been established to improve the competitiveness of advanced manufacturing supply chains in the UK. Applications are invited for projects that will address market failures, generate economic growth, increase innovation and skills, and make UK manufacturing more globally competitive. Successful bids will demonstrate commitments from across the supply chain, private sector investment, and impacts like new jobs. Funding will support capital, R&D, training, and collaboration projects. Applications will be judged on their vision, evidence, sector leadership, and state aid compliance.
Pinkey gupta 1 (five pillars of economic development)
The document outlines five pillars of economic development: 1) macroeconomic stability, 2) investment climate, 3) governance, 4) social reforms, and 5) environmental management. It provides details on key measures and policies needed under each pillar to pursue sustained economic growth and poverty alleviation. These include improving fiscal management, strengthening monetary policy, enhancing infrastructure, instituting political and education reforms, and adopting environment protection strategies.
Research proposal
This document provides an overview of corporate governance and discusses the importance of the auditor's role. It addresses:
- The growth of corporate governance in response to globalization and economic reforms.
- Factors that have accelerated globalization like standardization, technology advances, and privatization.
- How corporate governance principles aim to protect shareholder rights and ensure transparency.
- The problem of improving auditor quality performance to better support corporate governance goals like accountability.
- The research objectives of emphasizing the impact of stronger auditing in activating corporate governance.
The document presents the research plan which includes exploring previous studies, conceptual frameworks, the comptroller's mechanisms, and results/recommendations. The importance
Digital artifact
Pakistan needs an estimated 10 trillion in financing for development projects over the next five years. Sources of finance include international organizations like the OECD as well as domestic taxes and private finance. To access these funds, Pakistan must improve tax collection, expand its tax base to include digital economies, fight tax evasion, and increase voluntary tax compliance. It also needs to work with multilateral development banks based on six principles: alignment with climate goals, adaptation and resilience, policy support, reporting, and aligning internal activities.
Report of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts on Sustainable Developme...
1) The document summarizes the report of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts on Sustainable Development Financing. The committee developed a strategic approach and over 115 policy options to facilitate sustainable development financing.
2) The strategic approach includes 9 precepts, such as ensuring country ownership, adopting effective government policies, and exploiting synergies across economic, social and environmental dimensions.
3) The policy options address raising and reallocating resources across various financing streams, including domestic public and private financing, international public and private financing, and blended finance models.
MBA 640 Final Project Milestone Three Guidelines and Rubric .docx
MBA 640 Final Project Milestone Three Guidelines and Rubric
Overview: The final project for this course is the creation of an external capital funding proposal.
Most businesses face a landscape of uncertainty and a never-ending stream of risks and opportunities. Managers must continually project the likely financial
impact of decisions, make recommendations, act on those decisions, determine how to pay for them, and evaluate the costs and effectiveness of what has been
done. Many decisions are short-term, routine, and operational. Others are longer-term investment decisions that require substantial new resources, such as
developing new services, expanding into new geographic markets, or undertaking business combinations or spin-offs. Each requires managers to forecast, plan,
and make decisions based on a thorough understanding of both internal and external factors that can affect a company’s financial success.
For the summative assessment in this course, you will bring your finance and economics knowledge to bear by preparing an external capital funding proposal for
a major international investment at a publicly traded corporation. In order to secure the support of potential financial backers, your proposal will need to lay out
what the proposed investment opportunity is, how it fits within the company’s broader mission and goals, its financial impact, and the amount being requested
and why (including alternative funding mechanisms considered). In addition, it will also need to include information on the organization’s context, risk factors,
and microeconomic assumptions that could affect the success of the investment.
Prompt:
Submit a short paper that addresses Section III, Part C; Section V; and Section VI of the final project.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
III. Justification:
C. Financial impact. This section should discuss the project’s most likely financial implications and the consolidated financial projection with and without
the project. Be sure to:
1. Project the incremental, annual, and cumulative cash benefits and outflows associated with the proposed expansion for the next seven to
10 years, using a spreadsheet or other relevant presentation vehicle to support your narrative. Be sure to justify your assumptions and
methodology based on sound microeconomic and financial principles. For example, what assumptions have you made about demand, price,
volume, capital purchase costs, incremental hiring, and so on?
2. Develop a consolidated financial projection of revenue, pretax income, and cash flow for the overall business, over that same number of
years, both with and without the proposed investment. Use a spreadsheet or other relevant presentation vehicle to support your narrative,
being sure to describe any relevant assumptions.
IV. Financing: In this section, compare the proposed loan to alternative financing methods. Specifically:
A. Weigh ...
Reuben kadalie presentation
The document discusses supporting green innovation and sustainability for small businesses through entrepreneurship policies and financing mechanisms. It summarizes a presentation on green innovation for sustainability that covered topics like entrepreneurship policies, support for innovation-driven entrepreneurship, key financial support mechanisms, barriers to clean technology innovation, and recommendations. It discusses identifying and reducing risks for clean technology entrepreneurs through policies, access to funding, and an institutionalized green innovation program.
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The document discusses international experience in developing support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It notes that SMEs can play a major role in economic development, but that access to finance remains a key constraint, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa region. The document summarizes recommendations from a review by the G20 SME finance sub-group, including developing country strategies, strengthening legal/regulatory frameworks and financial infrastructure, and building capacity of financial institutions to better serve SMEs. Case studies from countries like Mexico, India, Brazil, Turkey and Russia provide examples of programs that have improved SME access to finance.
Merger and Acquisition
The document discusses several big mergers and acquisitions that occurred in India. The largest was the Arcelor Mittal merger valued at $38.3 billion in 2006. Other major deals included the Vodafone-Idea merger in 2018 to create a large telecom company, Walmart's acquisition of Flipkart for $16 billion in 2018, and Tata's takeover of Corus Steel in 2006 valued over $10 billion. The document also discusses concepts like the sustainable growth rate model and what makes an organization financially sustainable in the long run through maintaining multiple revenue streams, strategic planning, financial autonomy, and clear values.
Economicreforms 101101094318-phpapp01
The document discusses India's economic reforms beginning in 1991 in response to a crisis. The reforms included liberalization by reducing government controls on industry and foreign trade, privatization by reducing public sector involvement in the economy, and globalization by increasing integration into the global economy and foreign investment. The goals of the reforms were to stabilize the economy, restore growth, improve efficiency, and strengthen India's competitive position globally.
4th Annual Corporate Governance Congress
The document discusses the role of governments in promoting corporate sustainability. It argues that sustainable enterprises create economic, social and environmental value while avoiding damage. The document outlines the economic benefits of sustainability for companies, including competitive advantages. It also discusses key roles for governments as vision setters, leaders by example, facilitators and regulators. The document analyzes policy levers governments can use, such as regulations, economic incentives and education, to advance sustainable corporate practices.
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CPOs today are aggressively & proactively working towards defining the performance criteria that will be used to measure procurements contribution to business objectives. Savings being one of the key performance attributes linked to procurement, in this session Matthew Weinberg, Senior Manager from Cubist Pharmaceuticals will be sharing his insights into the approach adopted by Cubist to track and report on the savings generated through different sourcing initiatives.
Small and developing competition agencies – Philippine Competition Commission...
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This presentation by the Philippine Competition Commission was made during Break-out Session 1: Advocacy in the framework of the discussion on “Overcoming adversity and attaining success: Small and developing competition agencies” held at the 16th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sda.Similar to C financial institutions 309 dl cat (20)
FICCI UNEP | India Inquiry on Designing a Sustainable Financial System for India
FICCI UNEP | India Inquiry on Designing a Sustainable Financial System for India
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Let's be real for a second – the world of meme coins can feel like a bit of a circus at times. Every other day, there's a new token promising to take you "to the moon" or offering some groundbreaking utility that'll change the game forever. But how many of them actually deliver on that hype?
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Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024)
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
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- 1. KCA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF BUSINESS CFM 309 CAT DL QUESTION ONE i. Define the term innovative financial inclusion Innovative financial inclusion means improving accdss to financial services for poor people through the safe amd sound spread of new approaches ii. You are newly recruited financial officer in the ministry of finance of your country. Your key responsibility will be to enhance financial inclusion in your country. In the light of the above statement, evaluate nine principles that you would follow for successful financial inclusion Leadership Cultivate a broad based government commitment to financial inclusion to help alleviate poverty Diversity Implement policy approaches that promote competition and provide market based incentives for delivery of sustainable financial access and usage of broad range of affordable services like savings credit payments transfer and insurance as well as diversity of service providers Innovation Promote technological and institutional innovation as a means to expand financial systems access and usage including by addressing infrastructure weakness Protection Encourage a comprehensive approach to consumer’s protection that recognizes the roles of government providers and consumers Empowerment Develop financial literacy and financial capability Cooperation
- 2. Create an institutional environment with clear lines of accountability and coordination within government and also encourage [partnerships and direct consultation across government business and other stake holders Knowledge Utilize improved data to make evidence based policy measure progress and consideration incremental test and learn approach acceptable to both regulator and service provider Proportionality Build a policy and regulatory framework that is proportional to the risk and benefits involved in such innovative product and services and is based on an understanding of the gaps and barriers in existing regulations Framework Consider the following on the regulatory framework; international standards, national circumstances and support for competitive landscape QUESTION TWO Four reasons why a firm would prefer to raise capital outside its local capital market To capitalize in lower foreign interest rates The foreign capital may depreciate compared to local market Most of foreign capital markets may not be highly regulated or the government may relax the regulations The firm may take advantage of favourable economic conditions To reap the benefits of international diversification i. Summarise four theories advanced to explain financial crisis (8 marks World systems theories Coordination games Minskys theory Marxist theory
- 3. ii. Argue the case for financial liberalization in an economy (4 marks) Financial liberalization is when restrictiofn on financial; markets and financial institution are eliminated or when financial innovation are introduced to the market The case for financial liberalization include Increased savings and financial intermediation Improvements in the efficiency of using savings Increases the rate of economic growth in developing countries iii. Outline five challenges of financial liberalization (4 marks)