Building integrated PV Project - tTesting instrumentation design OPV and pc-Si based BIPV Solar energy harvesting. Testing using Arduino nano, MUX and datalogger. carbon fibre reinforced concrete based prefab slabs Author: Blenson Paul

1. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de
Building integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)
prefab house
Blenson Paul
IAPP, TU Dresden, Germany
2016-07-04 13:00, Beyer Bau 103, Dresden.
Master thesis defense

2. 2
DMAIC approach
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Design-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control

3. 3
Solutions
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Photovoltaics
Concrete:- most used composite
material in the modern world.
Humans have used concrete for
millennia, its basic ingredients
date back to ancient Egypt.
Development/GDP indicator.
World ~4 billion metric tons
/year
Synthetic material with
tremendous strange.
Thread -textile -Cured with resin
Stronger than steel, lighter
Concrete Carbon Fibre
Solar Energy:- Energy of
sunlight into electricity.
The Sun delivers more energy to
Earth in an hour than we use in a
year from fossil, nuclear and all
renewable sources combined !
Price drop- from $76 in 1977 to
$0.30 per watt
Installations 2014 ~180 Gwp,
(2007~10 GWp, 2000~1GWp)

4. 4
CF reinforced concrete
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Pre fabricated blocks:-
Building elements.

5. 5
Prefacricated blocks
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Pre fabricated blocks:- Building elements.
Use blocks to constuct house + add
Photovoltaics (PV) in the roof slab !

6. 6
Adding features
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Pre fabricated blocks:- Building elements.
Use blocks to constuct house + add
Photovoltaics (PV) in the roof slab !
Ventilation -Stack effect Passive cooling
-energy savings & Bug protected vents.

7. 7
OPV integration
Real life model:- time
consuming, expensive.
Reduced scale model possible
Roof part sufficient PV testing,
Which PV?
(a) OPV – Organic, flexible.
(b) pc -Si PV – Silicon.
OPV – electrical contact
snap prong button(male), use
female in the BIPV

8. 8
Slab preparation steps
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

9. 9
Prepared slab for BIOPV
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Flexible type integration:-
allows solar cells to add remove
after producing slab.
Provosion for OPV connections.
Reduced weight,
LAN port power transmission.
15 solar cells can be placed.

10. 10
Pc-Si PV integration
Real life model:- time
consuming, expensive.
Reduced scale model possible
Roof part sufficient PV testing,
Which PV?
(a) OPV – Organic, flexible.
(b) pc -Si PV – Polycrystalline
silicon.
OPV – electrical contact
snap prong button(male), use
female in the BIPV
pc -Si PV – create module on
the concrete slab.
Tabbing wire, epoxy resin.

11. 11
House from a single slab

12. 12
House from a single slab

13. 13
Pc-Si PV integration

14. 14
Measurements-datalogger
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Garden Solar lamp
LED removed
-pyranometer
White spherecal diffuser
Diffused radiation (DHI)
Thermistor
LAN RJ-45 connector

15. 15
Schematic

16. 16
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04
Outdoor measurement setup
BIPV for outdoor measurement
51° w.r.t ground,
Facing south
Measuring circuit
OSC, pc-Si, Weather
MicroSD storage
Weatherproof styrofoam box

17. 17
Daily outdoor measurement
5 organic solar cells
Manual Solar tracked -3 times showing
3 peaks
2016-04-07
2016-04-06
Fixed
Rain at 13:00-14:00
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

18. 18
Daily outdoor measurement
Rainy day – dip in V midday
2016-04-14 organic sc 2016-04-14 pc-Si sc
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

19. 19
weekly outdoor measurement
7 days
2016-04-18 to 24 organic sc 2016-04-18 to 24 pc-Si sc
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

20. 20
weekly outdoor measurement
7 days
2016-04-25 to 05-01 organic sc 2016-04-25 to 05-01 pc-Si sc
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

21. 21
Weather station
7 days
2016-04-25 to 05-01 Thermistor
NTC- negative temp coefficient,
Nonlinear device,
Transformations/ curve fit required
2016-04-25 to 05-01 diffused GHI
Voltage corresponding to GHI
Transformations/ curve fit required
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

22. 22
New opportunities for further
investigations/ research
Thermally induced cracks
Different thermal expansion
coefficients -concrete, PV,
tabbing wire.

23. 23
Conclusions +Recommendations
Conclusions
Reduced scale model
sucessfull,
Real life model:- Possible,
Roof part PV testing, Which PV?
(a) OPV – Organic, flexible but
complex, time consuming,
(b) pc -Si PV – Polycrystalline
silicon, handling,
Thermally induced cracks.
Recommendations
Real life model implementation.
Thermal behaviour modelling of
Reduced scale model,
Encapsulation methods,
Internet of things (IoT)- Data logger
with Wi-Fi,
Long term measurements and
degradation study,
Electric contact designs for BIPV,
PV integration effects on concrete.

24. 24
Extras..
Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and
Photonic Materials
Prof. Dr. Karl Leo
Prof. Dr. Koen
Vandewal
Dipl-Ing. Dominik Schlüter
INSTITUT FÜR
MASSIVBAU

25. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de
Thank You.
BIPV prefab house 2016-07-04

26. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de
Extras..

27. Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Angewandte Photophysik www.iapp.de
Payback time
Currently measured by energy.
Instead shoud be measured
$/m2/year
SolaRoad
Netherlands.
Lab - (STC) at 1000 W/m2
But in real life, it is not the case!
insolation is approximately 3kW h/m2/DAY
(in August)
18.5% efficient solar cell - 555 W h/m2/DAY,
30% of losses
transmission+tampered glass + solar cell area
-30% -388 Wh/m2/DAY
SolaRoad installation was generating
137 W h//m2/DAY
= 0.2 / kW h × 50 kWh/m2/YEAR
= 10 EUR/m2/YEAR !!!!!
Extras..