BST 4 PLUMBING.pptx
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There are various components that make up water supply and waste removal systems, including pipes, fittings, fixtures, tanks, and connecting pieces. The document then analyzes these components, comparing the material variations, available varieties, market prices, and practical uses of pipes like PVC, ductile iron, cast iron, concrete, and plastic pipes. Major plumbing subsystems include potable water supply, plumbing drainage and venting, and sewage and septic systems, some of which can include hot water recycling and graywater treatment.
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GUGGENHEIM MESEUM.pptx
The Guggenheim Museum in New York City was designed by famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright. It is a iconic spiral structure built between 1956-1959 featuring a continuous ramp that winds around a large open space lit by a glass dome. Wright designed the building to house the Solomon R. Guggenheim's collection of non-objective abstract art, with the sloping walls meant to replicate the experience of moving through an art exhibit. Though pioneering in its design, the unusual structure presented some challenges for displaying art and was criticized by some artists.
BUILDING SERVICES.pptx
This document discusses distributed energy systems (DES) which encompass energy generation, storage, monitoring and control solutions located near where energy is used. It provides examples of common distributed generation technologies for residential, commercial and industrial sectors like solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells and backup generators. The document discusses how distributed energy resources (DER) can provide economic, social and environmental benefits by reducing costs, emissions and enabling affordable energy access. While DER has positive impacts through renewable energy use and reduced transmission losses, it also has potential negative impacts like pollution from fossil fuel combustion, land use concerns and water usage.
Foundation.pdf
This document defines and describes different types of shallow foundations, including spread footings, combined footings, strap footings, grillage foundations, and raft foundations. Spread footings distribute a structure's load over a large area and can be single, stepped, or sloped. Combined footings are used when columns are close together to avoid interference. Strap footings connect independent column footings with a beam. Grillage foundations use layers of steel beams in concrete to distribute loads in poor soil. Raft foundations use a thick concrete slab covering the entire building area for structures on very poor soils.
Factors affecting bearing capacity of soil.pptx
The key factors affecting the bearing capacity of soil include:
1. The soil strength, with cohesionless soils increasing non-proportionally with friction angle and cohesive soils varying linearly with cohesion.
2. The foundation width, which impacts cohesionless soils where bearing capacity is proportional to width.
3. The foundation depth, as deeper foundations generally have greater bearing capacity, though weak layers below can reduce it.
air polltuion and effects.pdf
1. Air pollution is defined as the presence of certain substances in the atmosphere in concentrations that can cause harm to humans and the environment.
2. Major air pollutants include gases like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide as well as particulate matter.
3. Sources of air pollution can be natural, such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires, or man-made, including emissions from vehicles, power plants, and industrial facilities.
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- 3. There are various components that carry out the water supply and waste removal part of it. • Pipes • Fittings • Fixtures • Tanks Both overhead and underground • Other connecting components Here is a market study that shows analysis of these components. Based on their practical use, available varieties, material variations and market prices of some brands The major categories of plumbing systems or subsystems are: potable cold and hot tap water supply Plumbing drainage venting Sewage systems and septic systems with or without hot water heat recycling and graywater recovery and treatment systems
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