This publication was developed during the project Trendy Travel using original texts from a publication of the
City of Graz: 21 good reasons to cycle. We kindly invite you to use and copy the contents of this brochure. May
we ask you to refer back to the website www.trendy-travel.eu when you use and disseminate material from this
brochure.
The document discusses a study from 1992-2004 in Salzburg that showed an increase in bicycle use of 40% led to a decrease in injuries per bicycle kilometer of about 40%. The study suggests that more bicycle use can reduce accidents, as promoted by the Cycle Cities project and their "Be-Cycle" game product.
The document discusses the health benefits of cycling compared to other forms of transportation. It notes that air pollution from traffic leads to more deaths in Europe each year than traffic accidents. Additionally, a lack of exercise results in 600,000 deaths per year on the continent. However, more bicycle use can help reduce emissions, combat lack of exercise as a cause of mortality, and cyclists have a 30% lower risk of death according to one Danish health study. The document promotes cycling as part of the Cycle Cities project and provides a link for additional information.
This document summarizes baseline data and assumptions for calculating the potential energy and emissions savings from shifting goods transport to cycle logistics in European cities. It finds that 15% of urban trips are for freight and services, with the majority being light goods transported by cars, vans, and small trucks. While freight transport accounts for 15-30% of urban transport emissions and energy use, over 99% of freight trips are currently motorized. The document establishes baselines and definitions to calculate the potential shift to cycle logistics for light urban freight transport.
Productividad y pertinencia en la investigacion univ.julalexandra
Este documento presenta información sobre la investigación educativa. Define la investigación como un proceso sistemático para responder problemas científicos mediante métodos válidos y confiables. Explica que la universidad debe identificar problemas sociales prioritarios que puedan abordarse a través de trabajo científico para generar conocimiento académico y soluciones sociales. Además, presenta diversas líneas de investigación en educación física, idiomas, tecnología educativa, historia, lingüística y educación especial.
The Bicycle: Vehichle for a Small Planet | Marcia D. Lowe (1989) | Worldwatch...cyclecities
This publication has been published originally at the following URL: http://www.worldwatch.org/files/pdf/WP90BICYCLE.pdf
All credits are the the author and the Worldwatch Institute.
As it is quoted in an outcome of Cycle Cities project the article has been mirrored here only to make sure it will be online for the next five years. Because the Interreg IV C program rules require it.
The document discusses a study from 1992-2004 in Salzburg that showed an increase in bicycle use of 40% led to a decrease in injuries per bicycle kilometer of about 40%. The study suggests that more bicycle use can reduce accidents, as promoted by the Cycle Cities project and their "Be-Cycle" game product.
The document discusses the health benefits of cycling compared to other forms of transportation. It notes that air pollution from traffic leads to more deaths in Europe each year than traffic accidents. Additionally, a lack of exercise results in 600,000 deaths per year on the continent. However, more bicycle use can help reduce emissions, combat lack of exercise as a cause of mortality, and cyclists have a 30% lower risk of death according to one Danish health study. The document promotes cycling as part of the Cycle Cities project and provides a link for additional information.
This document summarizes baseline data and assumptions for calculating the potential energy and emissions savings from shifting goods transport to cycle logistics in European cities. It finds that 15% of urban trips are for freight and services, with the majority being light goods transported by cars, vans, and small trucks. While freight transport accounts for 15-30% of urban transport emissions and energy use, over 99% of freight trips are currently motorized. The document establishes baselines and definitions to calculate the potential shift to cycle logistics for light urban freight transport.
Productividad y pertinencia en la investigacion univ.julalexandra
Este documento presenta información sobre la investigación educativa. Define la investigación como un proceso sistemático para responder problemas científicos mediante métodos válidos y confiables. Explica que la universidad debe identificar problemas sociales prioritarios que puedan abordarse a través de trabajo científico para generar conocimiento académico y soluciones sociales. Además, presenta diversas líneas de investigación en educación física, idiomas, tecnología educativa, historia, lingüística y educación especial.
The Bicycle: Vehichle for a Small Planet | Marcia D. Lowe (1989) | Worldwatch...cyclecities
This publication has been published originally at the following URL: http://www.worldwatch.org/files/pdf/WP90BICYCLE.pdf
All credits are the the author and the Worldwatch Institute.
As it is quoted in an outcome of Cycle Cities project the article has been mirrored here only to make sure it will be online for the next five years. Because the Interreg IV C program rules require it.
This document compares the tax treatment and accessibility of funds in 401k/IRA plans versus income from an Indexed Universal Life (IUL) insurance plan. It notes that contributions to 401k plans are made with pre-tax dollars, but withdrawals in retirement are taxed. With an IUL plan, gains accumulate tax-free and can be accessed without penalties through policy loans. The document advocates speaking to a representative to learn more about how an IUL plan could maximize benefits.
Questa pubblicazione è stata realizzata durante il progetto Trendy Travel utilizzando i testi originali della pubblicazione “21 Gute Gründe Rad zu fahren” della città di Graz (Austria). Vi invitiamo gentilmente ad utilizzare e a copiare i contenuti di questo opuscolo. Nel caso vogliate utilizzare e divulgare il materiale di questo opuscolo, vi chiediamo di fare riferimento al sito www.trendy-travel.eu
This document discusses public bicycle schemes in European cities. It finds that public bicycle schemes have grown rapidly since 2007, with standards emerging around automated rental/return, fixed stations, smart cards for access, and high network density. While established cycling countries have been slower to adopt public bicycles due to existing bike culture and regulations, newcomer countries have seen more impressive acceptance rates. New EU member states are also starting more modest schemes due to limited financing. Driving forces behind public bicycles include sustainability demands, support from municipalities as a low-cost transit option, and companies seeking advertising contracts or expanding mobility offerings.
Cycle more often 2. Cool down the planet! Quantifying Co2 savings of cyclingcyclecities
Responsible editor: European Cyclists’ Federation ASBL
Rue Franklin 28 - B-1000 Brussels
Authors: Benoît Blondel with Chloé Mispelon and Julian Ferguson
Available also at: http://www.ecf.com/wp-content/uploads/ECF_BROCHURE_EN_planche.pdf
This document summarizes a conference on supporting cycling for liveable cities in Venice. It discusses several European cities' strategies for promoting cycling, including developing cycling infrastructure and policies. Speakers addressed economic, health and environmental benefits of increasing cycling rates, such as job creation, health cost savings, reduced pollution and accidents. City examples highlighted goals of expanding cycling networks and facilities, bike sharing programs, and using cargo bikes for urban deliveries. Data collection and cost-benefit analyses were presented as tools to evaluate policies and cycling developments.
This report analyzes the costs and benefits of cycling in the Benelux region and North Rhine-Westphalia compared to other modes of transportation. It finds that every kilometer cycled on a standard bicycle provides €0.98 in benefits to society, while cycling an e-bike provides €0.22 in benefits. In contrast, traveling one kilometer by car costs society €1.02. The large health benefits of cycling, from preventing disease and improving productivity, are the main factor that make cycling beneficial despite its infrastructure costs. A modal shift from cars to bicycles could provide huge economic and social gains for the region through these health and environmental impacts.
CEBIT 2018: SMART CYCLING APP FOR SMART CITIESRichardLim82
Cycling has financial and health benefits over driving. It costs 16 cents to travel one mile by bike but 15 cents by car. Encouraging alternative transportation like cycling can help address challenges cities face from automobile dependency and congestion. Gamification apps and smart bicycles can promote cycling culture and economic benefits of over 7 billion euros in Europe. In Copenhagen, cyclists generate more retail revenue than car drivers and make up 75% of transportation.
Opportunities for soft mobility issues, walking and cycling in urban and subu...Abebe Dress Beza
This document provides a literature review on opportunities for soft mobility (walking and cycling) in urban and suburban areas, using Ethiopia as a case study. It discusses the benefits of walking and cycling, including economic benefits, health benefits, and environmental benefits. It assesses factors influencing walking and cycling in Ethiopia, such as infrastructure, land use planning, effects of rising motorization, and promotion of active transportation. The document recommends pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly urban design and integrated transportation infrastructure to create a safe, low-risk environment for active travelers in Ethiopia.
1. The document presents a roadmap to stimulate cycling in the Benelux countries and North Rhine-Westphalia by exchanging best practices and exploring cooperation opportunities.
2. Cycling levels vary across the regions, from 27% in the Netherlands to 2% in Wallonia, though levels increased during COVID-19 in all places.
3. The roadmap aims to further increase cycling and serve as a blueprint for the EU by showing how to improve conditions for cycling. It outlines current cycling policies and initiatives in each country.
Esta presentación se expuso en las Jornadas Ciudades en Bicicleta, organizadas por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid en marzo 2015. En concreto ésta formó parte del apartado: Intermodalidad: ampliar el alcance de la bicicleta.
ATENCIÓN: Este contenido no es propio. El Ayuntamiento nos ha dado permiso para subir este contenido a Slideshare y favorecer así su difusión.
Current Status of Bicycle Usage Globally: A Vital Force for Sustainable TravelMAXSUNElectricbikeki
Bicycles, as an eco-friendly and healthy means of transportation, play a crucial role in promoting urban sustainability. In case of fatigue during cycling, opting for an LvBu ebike kit is becoming increasingly common, bringing more joy to cycling. LVBU Technology, in line with the development of bicycle transportation, strives to create a favorable product environment and conditions, encouraging more people to choose cycling and contribute to building beautiful cities and environments together.
Freiburg, Germany is known as a "Green City" due to its focus on sustainability across transportation, energy, waste management, land conservation, and green economic initiatives. The city has developed an integrated transportation plan that prioritizes walking, cycling, and public transit over private vehicles. This includes traffic calming measures, limited parking, and an extensive public transportation network including trams and buses. In energy, Freiburg emphasizes efficiency, renewable sources, and combined heat and power. Notable projects include passive house standards, solar installations, and hydropower. These policies have reduced emissions while supporting economic and population growth.
Bristol: Living city - Towards a Healthy City 2015, by Ian BarrettSustrans
Presentation by Sustrans' South West Regional Director.
Sustrans sees Green Capital 2015 as a unique, once in a lifetime opportunity to create healthier communities through changing transport habits and delivering new sustainable transport systems.
The document discusses Copenhagen's successful policies for increasing bicycle transportation, including developing a comprehensive bicycle infrastructure network, prioritizing safety improvements, and promoting a bicycle-friendly culture. Copenhagen's policies have led to 36% of residents commuting by bicycle daily. The document concludes by outlining lessons for other cities from Copenhagen's approach to enacting public policies that support sustainable transportation goals through increased bicycle use.
The document discusses the challenges facing future mobility and potential solutions. It identifies 7 major challenges: CO2 emissions, end of cheap oil, pollution, congestion, parking, unemployment, and trade deficit. It argues that future mobility should be shared, electric, and small-scale through solutions like vehicle sharing, ride sharing, public transportation, and small efficient vehicles. The most efficient transport modes in cities are said to be buses, scooters, and bikes due to their small physical footprint and weight per person carried. The mobility of the future is envisioned to be more shared, electric, autonomous, and focus on small vehicles like the PodRide concept over large vehicles like the Tesla S.
This document summarizes key lessons learned from Tom Bertulis's benchmarking and bike touring of 8 European countries. The main takeaways are:
1) European cities design their streets to prioritize walking and biking through measures like traffic calming, protected bike lanes, and high street connectivity.
2) Countries like the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany have very high rates of biking as a result of decades of infrastructure investments and policies focused on accessibility, safety, and promoting biking as an attractive transportation option.
3) Replicating aspects of the European approach in U.S. cities will require addressing issues of street design, but also cultural and policy factors that encourage biking and walking over driving
Allianz Risk Pulse: The Future of Individual MobilityOpen Knowledge
The document discusses trends that are changing mobility, including rising environmental consciousness, urbanization, and digitalization. New mobility concepts like driverless cars and car sharing have the potential to revolutionize transportation. Regulations and consumer attitudes are also shifting, with people showing less interest in car ownership and more interest in sustainability. Technological innovations will further enable new mobility solutions and business models. The future of mobility is uncertain but will be defined by interconnected changes in technology, consumer behavior, and policy.
This document summarizes key insights from a study on cycling in the Netherlands and potential lessons for China. It finds that 31% of all trips in Amsterdam are by bike, growing mostly at the expense of cars. Cycling rates are high across age, income, and education levels. The Dutch cycle for all trip purposes but more for education. Cities with faster bike trips relative to cars and high citizen participation see increasing cycling shares. Improving cycling safety involves increasing car parking costs and priority for cyclists. The perception of cycling conditions improves with more bike parking and participation. While Chinese cities now resemble Europe in the 1960s, innovations like electric bikes and bike highways, and bike-train combinations could expand cycling spatially. Adopting
Power to the pedals. Worldwatch Institutecyclecities
This article has been published in “World Watch Magazine”, July/August 2010, Volume 23, No. 4 in original language (English) by Gary Gardner. The article is available at: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6456
This document compares the tax treatment and accessibility of funds in 401k/IRA plans versus income from an Indexed Universal Life (IUL) insurance plan. It notes that contributions to 401k plans are made with pre-tax dollars, but withdrawals in retirement are taxed. With an IUL plan, gains accumulate tax-free and can be accessed without penalties through policy loans. The document advocates speaking to a representative to learn more about how an IUL plan could maximize benefits.
Questa pubblicazione è stata realizzata durante il progetto Trendy Travel utilizzando i testi originali della pubblicazione “21 Gute Gründe Rad zu fahren” della città di Graz (Austria). Vi invitiamo gentilmente ad utilizzare e a copiare i contenuti di questo opuscolo. Nel caso vogliate utilizzare e divulgare il materiale di questo opuscolo, vi chiediamo di fare riferimento al sito www.trendy-travel.eu
This document discusses public bicycle schemes in European cities. It finds that public bicycle schemes have grown rapidly since 2007, with standards emerging around automated rental/return, fixed stations, smart cards for access, and high network density. While established cycling countries have been slower to adopt public bicycles due to existing bike culture and regulations, newcomer countries have seen more impressive acceptance rates. New EU member states are also starting more modest schemes due to limited financing. Driving forces behind public bicycles include sustainability demands, support from municipalities as a low-cost transit option, and companies seeking advertising contracts or expanding mobility offerings.
Cycle more often 2. Cool down the planet! Quantifying Co2 savings of cyclingcyclecities
Responsible editor: European Cyclists’ Federation ASBL
Rue Franklin 28 - B-1000 Brussels
Authors: Benoît Blondel with Chloé Mispelon and Julian Ferguson
Available also at: http://www.ecf.com/wp-content/uploads/ECF_BROCHURE_EN_planche.pdf
This document summarizes a conference on supporting cycling for liveable cities in Venice. It discusses several European cities' strategies for promoting cycling, including developing cycling infrastructure and policies. Speakers addressed economic, health and environmental benefits of increasing cycling rates, such as job creation, health cost savings, reduced pollution and accidents. City examples highlighted goals of expanding cycling networks and facilities, bike sharing programs, and using cargo bikes for urban deliveries. Data collection and cost-benefit analyses were presented as tools to evaluate policies and cycling developments.
This report analyzes the costs and benefits of cycling in the Benelux region and North Rhine-Westphalia compared to other modes of transportation. It finds that every kilometer cycled on a standard bicycle provides €0.98 in benefits to society, while cycling an e-bike provides €0.22 in benefits. In contrast, traveling one kilometer by car costs society €1.02. The large health benefits of cycling, from preventing disease and improving productivity, are the main factor that make cycling beneficial despite its infrastructure costs. A modal shift from cars to bicycles could provide huge economic and social gains for the region through these health and environmental impacts.
CEBIT 2018: SMART CYCLING APP FOR SMART CITIESRichardLim82
Cycling has financial and health benefits over driving. It costs 16 cents to travel one mile by bike but 15 cents by car. Encouraging alternative transportation like cycling can help address challenges cities face from automobile dependency and congestion. Gamification apps and smart bicycles can promote cycling culture and economic benefits of over 7 billion euros in Europe. In Copenhagen, cyclists generate more retail revenue than car drivers and make up 75% of transportation.
Opportunities for soft mobility issues, walking and cycling in urban and subu...Abebe Dress Beza
This document provides a literature review on opportunities for soft mobility (walking and cycling) in urban and suburban areas, using Ethiopia as a case study. It discusses the benefits of walking and cycling, including economic benefits, health benefits, and environmental benefits. It assesses factors influencing walking and cycling in Ethiopia, such as infrastructure, land use planning, effects of rising motorization, and promotion of active transportation. The document recommends pedestrian- and cyclist-friendly urban design and integrated transportation infrastructure to create a safe, low-risk environment for active travelers in Ethiopia.
1. The document presents a roadmap to stimulate cycling in the Benelux countries and North Rhine-Westphalia by exchanging best practices and exploring cooperation opportunities.
2. Cycling levels vary across the regions, from 27% in the Netherlands to 2% in Wallonia, though levels increased during COVID-19 in all places.
3. The roadmap aims to further increase cycling and serve as a blueprint for the EU by showing how to improve conditions for cycling. It outlines current cycling policies and initiatives in each country.
Esta presentación se expuso en las Jornadas Ciudades en Bicicleta, organizadas por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid en marzo 2015. En concreto ésta formó parte del apartado: Intermodalidad: ampliar el alcance de la bicicleta.
ATENCIÓN: Este contenido no es propio. El Ayuntamiento nos ha dado permiso para subir este contenido a Slideshare y favorecer así su difusión.
Current Status of Bicycle Usage Globally: A Vital Force for Sustainable TravelMAXSUNElectricbikeki
Bicycles, as an eco-friendly and healthy means of transportation, play a crucial role in promoting urban sustainability. In case of fatigue during cycling, opting for an LvBu ebike kit is becoming increasingly common, bringing more joy to cycling. LVBU Technology, in line with the development of bicycle transportation, strives to create a favorable product environment and conditions, encouraging more people to choose cycling and contribute to building beautiful cities and environments together.
Freiburg, Germany is known as a "Green City" due to its focus on sustainability across transportation, energy, waste management, land conservation, and green economic initiatives. The city has developed an integrated transportation plan that prioritizes walking, cycling, and public transit over private vehicles. This includes traffic calming measures, limited parking, and an extensive public transportation network including trams and buses. In energy, Freiburg emphasizes efficiency, renewable sources, and combined heat and power. Notable projects include passive house standards, solar installations, and hydropower. These policies have reduced emissions while supporting economic and population growth.
Bristol: Living city - Towards a Healthy City 2015, by Ian BarrettSustrans
Presentation by Sustrans' South West Regional Director.
Sustrans sees Green Capital 2015 as a unique, once in a lifetime opportunity to create healthier communities through changing transport habits and delivering new sustainable transport systems.
The document discusses Copenhagen's successful policies for increasing bicycle transportation, including developing a comprehensive bicycle infrastructure network, prioritizing safety improvements, and promoting a bicycle-friendly culture. Copenhagen's policies have led to 36% of residents commuting by bicycle daily. The document concludes by outlining lessons for other cities from Copenhagen's approach to enacting public policies that support sustainable transportation goals through increased bicycle use.
The document discusses the challenges facing future mobility and potential solutions. It identifies 7 major challenges: CO2 emissions, end of cheap oil, pollution, congestion, parking, unemployment, and trade deficit. It argues that future mobility should be shared, electric, and small-scale through solutions like vehicle sharing, ride sharing, public transportation, and small efficient vehicles. The most efficient transport modes in cities are said to be buses, scooters, and bikes due to their small physical footprint and weight per person carried. The mobility of the future is envisioned to be more shared, electric, autonomous, and focus on small vehicles like the PodRide concept over large vehicles like the Tesla S.
This document summarizes key lessons learned from Tom Bertulis's benchmarking and bike touring of 8 European countries. The main takeaways are:
1) European cities design their streets to prioritize walking and biking through measures like traffic calming, protected bike lanes, and high street connectivity.
2) Countries like the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany have very high rates of biking as a result of decades of infrastructure investments and policies focused on accessibility, safety, and promoting biking as an attractive transportation option.
3) Replicating aspects of the European approach in U.S. cities will require addressing issues of street design, but also cultural and policy factors that encourage biking and walking over driving
Allianz Risk Pulse: The Future of Individual MobilityOpen Knowledge
The document discusses trends that are changing mobility, including rising environmental consciousness, urbanization, and digitalization. New mobility concepts like driverless cars and car sharing have the potential to revolutionize transportation. Regulations and consumer attitudes are also shifting, with people showing less interest in car ownership and more interest in sustainability. Technological innovations will further enable new mobility solutions and business models. The future of mobility is uncertain but will be defined by interconnected changes in technology, consumer behavior, and policy.
This document summarizes key insights from a study on cycling in the Netherlands and potential lessons for China. It finds that 31% of all trips in Amsterdam are by bike, growing mostly at the expense of cars. Cycling rates are high across age, income, and education levels. The Dutch cycle for all trip purposes but more for education. Cities with faster bike trips relative to cars and high citizen participation see increasing cycling shares. Improving cycling safety involves increasing car parking costs and priority for cyclists. The perception of cycling conditions improves with more bike parking and participation. While Chinese cities now resemble Europe in the 1960s, innovations like electric bikes and bike highways, and bike-train combinations could expand cycling spatially. Adopting
Power to the pedals. Worldwatch Institutecyclecities
This article has been published in “World Watch Magazine”, July/August 2010, Volume 23, No. 4 in original language (English) by Gary Gardner. The article is available at: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6456
Imagine a world in which people and goods can move with minimum impact on the local environment and climate. Imagine an intelligent transport system with smart infrastructure and smart, connected vehicles powered predominantly by renewable energy, and with enlightened end-users: private individuals and enterprises. Imagine a system that is actually based on user demand. That is what we would like to see.
To put mobility and transport on the track to sustainability, we have to improve energy efficiency, switch to renewable energy and more efficient modes of mobility, and, most importantly, increase smartness at all levels of the system. In practice, the last point means smart and efficient mobility services, cooperative systems, and intelligent vehicles and infrastructure.
VTT has a toolbox and the expertise to tackle all the key challenges of smart low-carbon mobility. And, to really make an impact, we are cooperating with all the key stakeholders in the field. Let us re-invent mobility and co-create a better future together!
Freiburg has implemented an effective waste management system that focuses on reducing, reusing, and recycling waste. The city collects organic household waste and feeds it into digesters to produce biogas and compost. Through these initiatives, Freiburg has significantly reduced the amount of waste sent to landfills.
Urban cycling-development - Lars Stromgren (Minsk, 2017)Pashka Gorbunov
The document discusses cycling in European cities and presents information on developing cycling infrastructure and promoting cycling. It summarizes key reasons why Copenhagen residents cycle, including that it is faster, more convenient, and better for one's health. The document outlines hardware, software, and organizational considerations for planning cycling networks and promoting cycling culture. It notes that an EU Cycling Strategy is being developed with the goal of increasing cycling rates and safety across Europe.
The document discusses the growing problems associated with increasing traffic levels in European cities, including environmental issues, loss of urban living space, and negative impacts on quality of life. It notes that citizens are calling for more sustainable transport solutions to reduce car dominance in cities. The traditional approach of increasing road capacity to meet demand is no longer sufficient. Some cities have successfully reallocated road space from cars to other modes like public transit, cycling, and walking, finding that predicted traffic chaos did not occur and some traffic "evaporated" over time as behaviors changed. Case studies are presented to illustrate this concept of traffic evaporation.
Blue13 60 and more advantages of cyclingcyclecities
The document discusses the "Be-Cycle" game which was created as part of the Cycle Cities project. It lists over 60 advantages of cycling that can be found on a slideshare presentation located at the provided URL. The slideshare presentation contains a detailed list of the health, economic, and environmental benefits of cycling.
Regular cycling can significantly improve cognitive abilities such as intelligence, memory, concentration and learning, according to various studies. A study with 30,000 participants found that cycling on an ergometer raised average IQ scores by 28% points, while other research on seniors found their IQ increased by 15 points on average after physical exercise. The rhythmic movement of cycling enhances communication between brain hemispheres in ways that boost higher cognitive functions even after exercising.
Yellow15 Discover the Barcelona benchmarkcyclecities
The document promotes Barcelona's successful public bicycle sharing system as a benchmark for other cities to follow, noting that Barcelona has impressively re-established the bicycle as a form of transportation. It provides a link for readers to learn more about Barcelona's high ranking on the 2013 Copenhagenize Index, which measures the bicycle-friendliness of world cities.
The document discusses the "Be-Cycle" game, which is a product of the Cycle Cities project that aims to make informal pedestrian paths known as "desire lines" into formal routes for bicycles. It references a Wikipedia definition of "desire lines" as informal paths taken by pedestrians instead of sidewalks. It also suggests looking at a video that further explains the concept in relation to bicycles.
Yellow13 Maybe we can learn from Bordeauxcyclecities
The document discusses lessons that can be learned from the city of Bordeaux's experience with bicycles. It references a game called "Be-Cycle" that was created as part of the Cycle Cities project. The document asks what the main lessons are that can be drawn from how Bordeaux has approached bicycles.
Yellow12 A rapid rise in bicycle traffic happened in...cyclecities
The document discusses a rise in bicycle traffic in some cities and references a game called "Be-Cycle" that was produced as part of the Cycle Cities project. It directs the reader to a link for more information on factors that contributed to the trend of increased bicycle use.
Yellow11 the cycling atmosphere is relaxedcyclecities
The document discusses a cycling game called "Be-Cycle" that was created as part of the Cycle Cities project. The game aims to create a relaxed and enjoyable cycling atmosphere. More information about the game and project can be found by visiting the URL provided.
The document promotes the "Be-Cycle" game from the Cycle Cities project and advocates for bicycles as tools for positive change in cities by reducing car usage. It questions whether economic powers will allow a transition to more bicycle-friendly cities and transportation systems. The document encourages searching for "bikes-vs-cars" or visiting the http://www.bikes-vs-cars.com/thefilm website to learn more.
The document discusses the "Be-Cycle" game, which was created as part of the Cycle Cities project to encourage more livable cities. It notes that people often choose to drive short distances not just for convenience but also to avoid traffic, and that increasing transportation options beyond motor vehicles can help the environment, health, and quality of urban life. The ideas are from an article by Marcia D. Lowe published by the Worldwatch Institute.
Yellow5 Bicycles are faster than planescyclecities
The document describes the benefits of cycling as a means of transportation for short distances up to 5 km within a city. Cycling is more flexible than other options as it allows stopping freely at shops and cafes without needing to find parking or deal with traffic or delays from public transportation. Cycling provides freedom of movement in an urban environment for short trips.
Yellow3 Discover the cycling advantages in the Sevilla Chartercyclecities
The document discusses the "Be-Cycle" game which was created as part of the Cycle Cities project. It references the Seville Charter which outlines cycling advantages. The Charter was presented at the 2011 Velo-City Conference in a document directed at all EU Transport Ministers.
Yellow2 more cycling is more quality urban lifecyclecities
The document discusses the "Be-Cycle" game, which was created as part of the Cycle Cities project to promote cycling. It summarizes that increased cycling leads to an improved quality of urban life through reductions in air and noise pollution, safer public spaces, and a more attractive city for families. This idea is supported by a report from the European Commission on the benefits of cycling for towns and cities.
Violet15 Rise! And claim for cycling policiescyclecities
The document discusses cycling policies and rights. It argues that cyclists have the same rights to roads as drivers of other vehicles. It also argues that unjust laws should not be accepted and that change sometimes requires disobeying unjust laws, as was done during civil rights movements. The document references a Critical Mass gathering in 1992 as part of a social struggle for better cycling policies.
Violet14 19 beautiful ways to protect bike lanescyclecities
The document discusses how bike lanes can be designed creatively through artistic and flexible designs that are tested early on. Modern protected bike lanes have physical barriers between bikes and cars that come in different shapes and styles. The ultimate design of bike lanes depends on factors like budget, guidance, experience, climate, maintenance needs, aesthetics, and community priorities. It provides a URL with examples of beautifully designed protected bike lanes.
The document discusses how political will is a key factor in promoting effective cycling policies and infrastructure. Visionary politicians and continuous investments in urban planning and innovation are needed to develop cycling. The CEO of Copenhagenize Design Co. shares his opinion in a video about how political decisions can impact cycling development in cities.
Violet12 cycling is a matter of planningcyclecities
The document discusses France's National Cycling Plan from 2012 which had the goals of encouraging more bicycle tourism in Europe, completing bike routes between cities, and establishing tax incentives for employees who commute by bike. The plan also aimed to combine cycling with public transportation as an alternative to car use.
The document discusses cycling myths and safety. It addresses seven common myths about cycling through an article that examines each myth and provides facts to dispel concerns about cycling safety. The goal is to promote safe cycling by educating about actual safety risks and realities.
Violet10 cycling is possible also in big townscyclecities
The document discusses a public bicycle sharing scheme called "Be-Cycle" created by the Cycle Cities project to promote cycling in large cities like Paris, London, and Hamburg. It notes that supporting bicycle traffic through such schemes is an attractive transportation strategy as cycling infrastructure is cheaper than other public transit options and promotes pollution-free and low-noise traffic. Additionally, having more cyclists in cities can make roads safer as drivers become more aware of pedestrians and cyclists.
Violet9 planning for cycling is possiblecyclecities
The document discusses a new regional legislation in Puglia, Italy that promotes cycling. It provides a link to a slideshow presentation on the new law and interventions to support cycling infrastructure. The legislation aims to make planning for cycling infrastructure and mobility possible in the region.
The document discusses how cycling can improve public transportation systems. Integrating cycling and public transport networks can optimize both systems by extending the reach of public transportation stops from 3-4 times up to 9-16 times farther for citizens who cycle part of their commute. The document advocates for building integrated cycling and public transit routes and connecting local cycling paths optimally to important transit stations, while also providing bicycle parking and other services at stations.
Green Illustrated Sustainable World Presentation.pdfliwangshu074
Our project "Recycling Old Clothes" aims to enhance the public's understanding and participation in the recycling of used clothes through scientific and technological means, and promote the concept of sustainable development.
How to Style Women's Linen Wear for Every Occasion.pdfChilinen
Discover how to choose the right toddler clothing for your needs with Chi Linen. Our guide covers essential tips and factors to consider, ensuring your little one is stylish and comfortable in every outfit.
Navigating the World of Topsoil: A Guide to the Right Choice for Your Gardennerissacampuzano
Are you looking to improve your garden's health but unsure about which topsoil to choose? This PPT provides insights into selecting the right topsoil for your gardening needs. From understanding various types of topsoil to evaluating their benefits, this resource equips you with the essential knowledge to make an informed decision. Explore to learn more.
Click to know more - https://mulchpros.com/blog/navigating-the-world-of-topsoil-a-guide-to-the-right-choice-for-your-garden/
Stag Elevators | Leading Home Elevator Company in IndiaStag Elevators
Discover Stag Elevators, India's premier home elevator company, dedicated to delivering unmatched mobility solutions nationwide. Specializing in certified home elevators, lifts, and platform lifts, Stag Elevators leads with superior safety, quality, and innovation. Partnering with renowned Italian manufacturers ensures every product meets European safety standards and is TUV certified, offering affordability and utmost safety for homes of all sizes and types, from small houses to luxury residences.
HR STRATEGIES AND EMPLOYEE OUTCOMES: A STUDY ON COMPENSATION, APPRAISAL, RECO...indexPub
This study examines the relationship between HR practices and employee outcomes in order to provide insight into the crucial role HR practices play in organisational dynamics. The results show that HR procedures significantly affect workers' engagement with their work and their ability to decide whether or not to stay with their current employer. In order to improve staff retention rates and achieve sustained organisational effectiveness, this study's findings stress the significance of well-crafted human resource policies. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the multifaceted relationship between human resource practices and employee outcomes, specifically focusing on compensation, performance appraisal, and recognition programs. By delving into these dynamics, the research aims to enhance our understanding of how these HR strategies influence job embeddedness and the intention to quit among employees, ultimately providing valuable insights for organizations to optimize their HR policies and employee retention strategies. Design/Methodology: This research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a structured survey instrument administered to a diverse sample of employees across various industries. Data collected will be analyzed using advanced statistical techniques, including regression analysis, to examine the associations between compensation, performance appraisal, recognition programs, job embeddedness, and intention to quit. Additionally, qualitative data such as open-ended responses will be analyzed to gain deeper insights into employee perceptions and experiences. Findings: Reveal significant correlations are identified as key determinants of job embeddedness, with higher levels of job satisfaction and commitment associated with these practices. Moreover, employees exposed to effective HR strategies exhibit a decreased intention to quit, highlighting the role of these practices in retaining talent. The study also identifies nuanced interactions between these variables, shedding light on the complexity of HR practices' impact on employee attitudes and behaviours. Practical Implications: By recognizing the importance of compensation, performance appraisal, and recognition programs in promoting job embeddedness and reducing intention to quit, organizations can design and implement more effective HR policies. This, in turn, can lead to improved employee retention rates, increased job satisfaction, and ultimately contribute to organizational success and stability. Originality/Value: The originality of this research lies in its ability to provide organizations with a comprehensive understanding of the interconnectedness of these variables, thus offering valuable insights and practical recommendations for HR practitioners and organizational leaders striving to retain talent and foster a positive workplace culture.
MISS RAIPUR 2024 - WINNER POONAM BHARTI.DK PAGEANT
Poonam Bharti, a guide of ability and diligence, has been chosen as the champ from Raipur for Mrs. India 2024, Pride of India, from the DK Show. Her journey to this prestigious title is a confirmation of her commitment, difficult work, and multifaceted gifts. At fair 23 a long time ago, Poonam has as of now made noteworthy strides in both her proficient and individual lives, encapsulating the soul of present-day Indian ladies who adjust different parts with beauty and competence. This article dives into Poonam Bharti’s foundation, achievements, and qualities that separated her as a meriting champion of this award.
The Power of Gratitude: How Gratitude Can Change Your LifebluetroyvictorVinay
n our fast-paced world, it’s easy to get caught up in the hustle and bustle of daily life, often forgetting to pause and appreciate the beauty that surrounds us. Yet, there is a simple but profound practice that can significantly transform our lives: gratitude. Embracing gratitude isn’t just about saying “thank you” but about adopting an attitude of thankfulness that can shift our perspective, enhance our well-being, and lead to a more fulfilling life.
The Power of Gratitude: How Gratitude Can Change Your Life
Trendy Cycling EN
1. good reasons for cycling
www.trendy-travel.eusupported by
trendy cycling
2. TRENDY TRAVEL is a European project supported by the IEE (Intelligent Energy Europe). The main objective
of Trendy Travel is to achieve a modal shift from the car to healthier, more eco-friendly transport modes by
making sustainable transport more emotionally appealing with various approaches. Storytelling, Ritualisation,
Raising the image of Cylcling, interesting design and children that guide their parents are used to achieve a
positive attitude towards and perception of soft mobility.
Contact addresses for inquiries and suggestions :
Karl REITER
Tel.: ++43 316 81 04 51 13 23
E-Mail: reiter@fgm.at
Conceptual planning and development::
Forschungsgesellschaft Mobilität – FGM,
Karl Reiter, Susanne Wrighton, Christine Plank
Edition: March 2010
This publication was developed during the project Trendy Travel using original texts from a publication of the
City of Graz: 21 good reasons to cycle. We kindly invite you to use and copy the contents of this brochure. May
we ask you to refer back to the website www.trendy-travel.eu when you use and disseminate material from this
brochure.
3. FOREWORD
Cycling is the simplest, most natural means of transport,
after walking. So natural in fact and useful that many
cities often forget to take it into account. This brochure
is intended to consider and return to the advantages of
bicycle traffic and to back up arguments with analyses
and facts.
It is surprising how many advantages bicycle traffic com-
bines:
Regular cycling improves health and prolongs life
expectancy.
Cycling requires no fossil fuels – it only burns our own
fat.
Cyclists save space, are quiet and move about without
producing pollutants
Our children love the bike, if we let them
Promotion of bicycle traffic costs little but brings a
lot of profit in return – 3 Euros invested in cycle traffic
mean 5 Euros less expenses for the National Health
System.
Cities that have a high percentage of bicycle and pedestrian
traffic usually have a high quality of life.
Everybody interested in such a feel-good experience should
visit the Cities of Groningen (NL), Odense (DK), Ferrara or Bol-
zano (IT). The calmness and at the same time vibrancy, com-
pared to mainly car-frequented cities, immediately becomes
obvious.
However, besides all good arguments presented in this bro-
chure, intended to promote bicycle traffic, it is important to
be aware that cycling first and foremost is one thing:
“Cycling is Emotion” – something that thankfully cannot be
expressed through numbers!
4. Fact is: Bicycle friendly politics increases the
share of cyclists
A cycling city is the product of an active promotion of bicycle traffic through politics. Good examples
are Freiburg, in Germany, and Bolzano, in Italy. By actively promoting cycling in Freiburg it was possi-
ble to double the share of bicycle traffic in only 20 years and today it stands at 27%. At the same time
the proportion of public transport increased too. In Bolzano it was possible to increase the propor-
tion of bicycle traffic from 18 to 29 % in only 7 years. This was achieved with innovative and creative
marketing, creation of a corporate identity and a coherent bike network.
Car trips
Public
Transport
Cycling
Walking
6%8%
20%
11%
32%
18%
45%
32%
39%
29%
16%
35%17%
27%
22%
29%
19%13%
24%23%
Freiburg Basel Münster Graz Bozen Groningen
27%
41%
34% 33%
1
Modal Split: Comparison of European cities
CHANGE IS POSSIBLE
Source: Mobilitätsverhalten der Grazer Wohnbevölkerung, 2008. Amtsblatt der Stadt Freiburg, 2005.
Corporate Cycling Bozen, 2001. Stadtplanungsamt Münster, 2001.
Survey Bolzano: Institut Apollis. Calculations: FGM-AMOR.
5. Fact is: Where biking is concerned the phrase:
“less is more” doesn’t apply.
It should rather be: “more is less”. It has been demonstrated that an increase in the use of bicycles
reduces the risk of accidents.
A study in Salzburg between 1992 and 2004 showed that while the percentage of bicycle traffic
increased by 40 % the number of injured persons per bike kilometre decreased by about 40%. The
graph below clearly shows that the risk of bicycle accidents decreases when bicycle traffic increases.
The german city of Kiel achieved similar results. A comparison of bicycle accidents in various coun-
tries with differing proportions of bicycle traffic points into the same direction.
1992 1996 2000 2004 Year
[%]
150
proportion of trips made by bike
injured cyclists per bicycle kilometer
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
casualtiesperbicycle-kmand
proportionoftripsmadebybicycle
(Index=1992=100)
2MORE is lEss
More bikes, less accidents
Source: Herry Consult/ IGF Institut Grundlagenforschung, Statistik Austria, 2004
6. Fact is: Not only is it proven that biking is the
fastest means of transport in the city where
distances of up to 5 km are concerned...
... but there’s also no better way with regards to flexibility. Just imagine. You can drive into town, are
free to stop in front of every shop. Stop at your favourite café for a refreshment and then carry on
to your next appointment – all without the need to look for a parking space or worry about delays
caused by traffic jams and waiting for public transport.
1
5
10
15
2 3 5 6 7 8 [km]4
20
25
30
35
[min]
3 OnlY flYing is fasTER!
When time is the issue
Source: Mobility-Cultura 2003, www.mobility-cultura.net
7. Fact is: Older people have a reduced radius of
action
The percentage of older people increases constantly in our society. In 2035 more than half of the
population will be over 50 and by 2050 every third person in Germany will be over 75 years old. Sen-
ior citizens would like to stay mobile as long as possible. However, with increasing age the number
of trips undertaken by foot, bike or public transport rises significantly. It is important to note that the
radius of action decreases with age. While the radius of activity in the working population is around
18 km it is reduced to 5 km in senior citizens. The distances of bicycle traffic correlate with the action
radius of elder people. Good possibilities to use their bikes are important for them in order to stay
actively mobile as long as possible.
4
Radius of action of senior citizens
RaDiUs Of acTiOn
Source: “Brochure Nahmobilität” AGSF - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fahrradfreundlicher Städte (DE, 2008)
8. 2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
Congestion
Time
0:00
3:00 5:00 7:00 9:00 11:00 13:00 15:00 17:00 19:00 21:00
24:006:004:00 10:008:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00
23:00
2:00
1:00
Fact is: Promotion of bicycle traffic brings posi-
tive effects for all traffic participants
The morning hours bring about the heaviest burden for the road network – this is the time when eve-
rybody wants to get to work, to school or to the kindergarten. The rush hour brings traffic jams on the
roads but the space in cities cannot be extended at will. At the same time public transport is overload-
ed as well and the ride becomes uncomfortable. However, economically it is irrational to purchase ad-
ditional buses and trams for just one or two hours a day. Bicycle traffic offers the only possibility to deal
with traffic in the peak hours in an efficient way. The promotion of bicycle traffic therefore has positive
effects for all traffic participants. Hence, cities with a high percentage of bicycle traffic focus on a high
efficiency within the entire traffic system.
BICYCLE TRAFFIC
TAKES THE EDGE OF TRAFFIC5
Source: Amt der Niederösterreichischen Landesregierung 2003
Traffic peak
9. Fact is: Bikers possess high purchasing power.
According to studies cyclist buy less at a given time but visit the shops more frequently. A detailed
study in Münster, Germany, showed that cyclists spent on average 10 Euros more than motorists
each month.
A survey of 1200 persons in Bern demonstrated how the shopping value is connected with the ac-
tually required parking area. The result argues for cyclists as customers: with an average purchase
capacity of 7.500 Euro per taken up parking area they lie ahead of motorists spending 6.625 Euros a
year on average.
0 €
80 €
160 €
200 €
Walking Cycling Motoring
S = Supermarket
D = Departement store
per customer
& month
S
S
S
D
D
D
* in Münster
MORE salEs 6
Sales per means of transport
Source: Wissenschaft & Verkehr, Nahversorgung versus Einkaufszentren, Wien, 1999.
10. Fact is: Cycling is energy efficient.
An average household in Austria spends more than a third of the total energy consumption on mo-
bility and the remains on heat and electricity.
In an energy saving building the total energy requirement decreases per year from 44.000 kWh to
34.000 kWh. That corresponds to savings of 23%. However, if a household needs no car the total en-
ergy requirement drops 39% to 27.500 kWh.
This demonstrates that within the transport sector, there are enormous possible savings with regard
to the domestic energy requirements. However, so far there are no subsidies available for the dereg-
istration of cars yet.
44*
* in 1000 kWh / year
Energy house = optimal insulation solar warm water preparation and semi solar heating
Energy saving house
with car
Household
with car
Household
without car
Electricity
Warm water
Heating
Mobility
6
18
20
34*
20
8
6
28*
6
18
4
28*
CYCLING IS ENERGY-EFFICIENT7
Energy consumption per household
Source: VCÖ, Add home 2008
11. Fact is: Cycling extends life
Accidents only amount to 10% of casualties in traffic. Three times as many people die from the con-
sequences of traffic emissions. The highest percentage namely 600.000 persons die in Europe form a
lack of exercise every year. More bicycle traffic is an effective instrument to combat the lack of exer-
cise as a cause of death as well as emissions. A comprehensive Danish health survey demonstrated
that cyclists have 30% less risk of mortality (source: Lars Bo Andersen).
8
How traffic shortens the life of Europeans
TRAFFIC DEATH TOLL
100.000
320.000
600.000
Traffic
Accidents
Traffic
pollution deaths
Deaths trough
a lack of
physical exercise
Source: traffic casualties Europe 2008 WHO, OECD, World Road Statistics. 2003
12. Fact is: Cars are more dangerous than bikes.
The kinetic energy of a car at the impact (at an average speed of 35 km/h) is 57 times higher than on
a bike (at an average speed of 17km/h). At the assumed maximal speed of 150 km/h of a car (for a
bike the number is 35 km/h) the kinetic energy is about 240 times higher.
This is to say that undisciplined traffic participants can do much more harm with a car then with a
bike. Therefore, it is quite clear that traffic safety efforts should be focused on those presenting the
biggest danger.
57
1
240
1
Kinetic
energy*
at medium
speed
Kinetic
energy*
at maximum
speed
* Kinetic energy (Ekin = m . v
2
/2), depending on weight and speed
(17 km/h)
(150 km/h)
(35 km/h)
(35 km/h)
9
Potential dangers of bicycles and cars
WHO PRESENTS THE DANGER
Source: Competence 2004. www.transportlearning.net
13. Fact is: Children like cycling.
An ongoing and on-line nation-wide survey showed that 33 % of Austrian children would like to
cycle to school. However, only 11% actually use the bicycle to get to school. One of the main reasons
for this discrepancy between the wishes of children and reality is that parents are concerned for the
safety of their children.This is also the reason why the percentage of children that walk to school has
decreased from 82% to 14% within the last 30 years.
It is not surprising then that almost every 5th child in Europe is overweight and in Austria every 10th
child is seriously overweight.
Children using
the bike
to get to school
Number of children
wishing to
cycle to school
11%
33%
10
Wishful thinking and reality in
children aged 10 - 14 years
MakE an EaRlY sTaRT!
Source: www.schoolway.net 2009
14. Fact is: The bike is the first alternative for
motorists.
A survey, conducted in Graz, demonstrated the reasons why motorists choose the car instead of
other means of transport. The result of this survey was that the bicycle had the highest potential as
an alternative. Because 11% of all motorists could in theory, after elimination of all objective obsta-
cles, be transferred to the bike. That implies that every 8th car trip could be accomplished by bike.
At least 8% of the car trips could be done on foot, 6% with a bus or tram. The most likely alternative
however is the bike.
Objective freedom of choice for motorists
to switch to other means of transport
6%
11%
8%
11
Switching potential of motorists
ALTERNATIVE BICYCLE
Source: G. Röschel, Graz 2004; derived from “Mobilität der Grazer Wohnbevölkerung”
15. Fact is: Motorists think positive about cycling
as soon as they’ve tried it.
Research in the Netherlands showed that motorists that are forced to have their car repaired often
discover the bike as a daily means of transportation instead. During the test phase half of the people
that switched to the bike thought that cycling was less strenuous and faster than expected. 45%
stated that transporting items was easier than expected and at least 30% considered the bike more
comfortable than initially expected.
45
45
30
67
52
47
35
55
24
38
8
20
15
9
10Effort
Weather
conditions
Convenience
Transportation
of items
Speed
better than expected as expected worse than expected
12
Opinions of motorists having
switched to cycling
THE PROOF OF
THE PUDDING IS THE EATING
Source: Mobility Cultura 2003, www.mobility-cultura.net
16. Fact is: It‘s easy to combine the bicycle and
public transport.
The catchment area of a station/stop that can be reached on foot within 10 minutes increases 13-
fold with the bike and with a Pedelec (Pedal Electric Cycle) and an E-bike, respectively, even 26-fold.
The quality of a public transport station is enhanced if it possesses a covered bicycle parking area.
Thief-proof parking facilities are especially important for the more expensive Pedelecs and E-bikes.
Permission to transport bikes free of charge on public transport is another big incentive.
13
Catchment area of stops
within walking distance of 10 minutes
MObiliTY paRTnER
Source: Pressl/Reiter 1999.
H
Durchschnitts-
geschwindigkeit
in 10 min zurück-
gelegte Strecke
Einzugs-
gebiet
4 km/h 0,7 km ca. 1,5 km2
15 km/h 2,5 km ca. 20 km2
22 km/h 3,6 km ca. 40 km2
pedelec
0,7 km
2,5 km
3,6 km
pedelec
H0,7 km
2,5 km
Average
speed
4 km/h
15 km/h
Distance covered
in 10 minutes
0,7 km
2,5 km
Catchment
area
ca. 1,5 km2
ca. 20 km2
17. Fact is: the bike can easily be used for most
shopping trips.
2009 a survey was conducted amongst malls and hardware stores in Graz. It turned out that out of
1635 monitored shopping trips a car would have only been necessary for a very small percentage,
namely 6% (!). 14% of the shoppers could have fitted their purchase into a bike trailer. The biggest
group by far however, 70%, were purchases that could have been easily transported on a bike, in a
conventional bike basket and 10% of customers didn’t even by anything. The sobering finding was
the actual choice of the mode of transport: nobody used a bike trailer. The bike was used only in 4%
of the cases. At least 19% arrived on foot or by public transport. However, as expected, the car domi-
nated with 77%.
14
ENOUGH SPACE
FOR ALL THE SHOPPING
Lots of potential
Actual choice of
means of transport
at hardware stores
& supermarkets
Possible choice of
means of transport
(actual purchase)
Shopping with car
Shopping with bicycle
Shopping on foot
or by public transport
necessity to shop
with car
possible to transport
on bike-trailer
possible to transport
in bike basket
Source: ARGUS, 2009. Arbeitsgemeinschaft umweltfreundlichen Stadtverkehr www.graz-radeln.net
6
14
80
77
4
19
18. Fact is: The bicycle is clean.
With regard to causing pollution the car produces by far the most emissions (immediately followed
by the motor cycle). With regard to traffic emissions the bike is unbeatable and doesn´t stir up par-
ticulate matter.
Research studies in congested urban areas show that every 90th inhabitant falls ill with lung cancer
caused by the diesel exhaust particulates and benzene emissions of road traffic. At main roads it is
even every 39th resident.
Accumulative quality of all pollutants
(= Emission of all pollutants per person km assessed by toxicity and added)
105
82
3
0
Car
Motor cycle
Tram
Bicylce
10Bus
15
Environmental impact related
to means of transport
REDUCE POLLUTANTS
Source: Mobility-cultura. 2003
19. Fact is: Cycling creates space.
A bike requires much less space then a car. An average parking space for a car would provide park-
ing spaces for 7–9 bikes. For bicycles no underground parking spaces are necessary. The cost for one
underground car parking space amounts to 16.000 Euros and that for a covered car parking space to
8.000 Euros. A regular parking space without protection still amounts to 4.000 Euros.
On the other hand, the cost for a bicycle parking area for an average of 8 to 10 bikes is around 1.000
Euros. The costs for one bicycle parking space within a bicycle station are about 1.100 to 1.300 Eu-
ros. These parking spaces can definitely be compared with an underground parking space for cars,
because they are covered and equipped with a controlled entry way. Hence, the costs for an under-
ground parking space are 12 times higher than those for a bicycle space in a bicycle station.
7- 9 bicycles on 1 car parking space
16MORE SpacE
Source: Diagram from Austrian Mobility Research, 2004
20. Fact is: Cycling improves the personal fitness.
100 people from Graz took part in an exercise programme that lasted 12 weeks in 2003. The aim was
to integrate more movement and exercise into daily life, because 9 out of 10 people are diagnosed
with a lack of exercise in the yearly health checks.
The daily exercise definitely had an impact: 3 out of 4 participants improved their fitness values.
Almost ¾ improved their body fat values. More than half of the participants felt much better after-
wards.
A Norwegian study demonstrated that cycling also creates an economically measurable benefit: the
net health benefit of cycling constitutes 15 Cent per kilometre covered by bike.
fitness values
75%
improved
25%
not
improved
values of body fat
27%
not
improved
73%
improved
CYCLING IS HEALTHY
Results after a 12-week
exercise programme
17
Source: GOAL project 2003
21. Calorie usage of different
activities per 30 minutes
Fact is: Cycling burns more calories than other
activities during the same time period.
Cycling is a pleasant and sustainable way to burn calories. The comparison shows: Cycling consumes
in the same period about five times more calories than motoring. One can therefore recycle the ap-
proximate 600 kcal of a tuna pizza eaten at lunch time within less then a one-hour ride with the bike!
18
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
kcal
motoring ironing playing
Billiards
gardening walking cleaning
windows
cycling
(20 km/h)
activities
CYCLING REDUCES WEIGHT
Source: www.fitrechner.de
22. Effect of physical exercise on intelligence
Fact is: Physical Exercise enhances Intelligence
Various studies have proven that physical exercise is not only beneficial for health but also enhances
intelligence. Using a special learning programme on a bicycle ergo metre with 30.000 probands, it
was established that the IQ rose on average from 99 to 128 points (that corresponds to approx. 28 %).
The rhythmical movement that can also be achieved by regular exercise, like biking, also enhances
memory, concentration and learning aptitude. Other studies on senior citizens demonstrated an av-
erage IQ increase of 15 points after physical exercise. 15 IQ points are about the same difference as
that between an average citizen and a student.
Physical exercise seems to lead to reorganizations in the brain and to interactions between the brain
hemispheres that facilitate higher cognitive capacities, even after the activity.
19 InCREASE YOUR INTELLIGENCE
Source: www.medizinauskunft.de Ars medici 12.2007
+42% +44%
+57%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
28%
learning
aptitude
enhancement
concentration
enhancement
Icrease/Enhancement
memory
enhancement
intelligence
quotient
23. 20BICYCLE HELMETS
48%
26%
13%
9%
1%
1%
2%
Causes of head injuries
Fact is: Advertising bike helmets makes cycling
seem dangerous
In many countries a discussion about the usage of the bicycle helmet arises immediately where
bicycle traffic is concerned. Often, it is implied that cycling is a dangerous activity, leading to head
injuries. Here, we do not intend to take a stand against the usage of cycling helmets but to put the
relevance of this topic into perspective.
German accident statistics demonstrate that only 1% of all head injuries can be attributed to bicycle
traffic. That number approximately equals that of pedestrian traffic. However, car occupants, not
wearing a helmet, have a much higher risk of suffering a head injury.
Research results from the UK also show that cyclists wearing a helmet get overtaken by cars in a sig-
nificantly narrower range than those without.
Furthermore, in Australia the compulsory introduction of bike helmets has lead to a significant re-
duction of bicycle traffic and hence to an increase of diseases related to a lack of exercise.
Source: Kuratorium ZNS (Hannelore Kohl Stiftung für verletzte mit Scäden des
zentralen Nervensystems) Geschäftsbericht 2004, DE
Car
Leisure
Motor Bike
Work
Crime
Cycling
Walking
24. Developed within the framework of the EU-Project “Trendy Travel“,
supported by the European Commission
www.trendy-travel.eu
The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European
Union. Neither the EACI nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.