Origin of coffee, unroasted and roasted coffee beans, caffeine and chlorogenic acids, caffeine as stimulant, side effects and documented deaths from overdose.
Oats have been shown to reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases, lower fasting blood sugar, HbA1C and high blood pressure, The health claim for oat as a "health food" was approved by FDA in 1997
Spice as Medicine: Black Pepper, Piper nigrumKevin KF Ng
Black pepper, King of spices, Piper nigrum, difference between pepper and chili pepper, origin of black pepper, pharmacology of piperine, benefits of black pepper, bioenhancer
Fruit as Medicine: strawberry, Fragaria AnanassaKevin KF Ng
This document provides an overview of strawberries and their potential health benefits. It begins with definitions of strawberries and their botanical classification. It then discusses the global production and consumption of strawberries, highlighting that China is the world's leading producer. The document reviews scientific studies on the nutrients, phytochemicals, and biological activities of strawberries. It summarizes various animal and human clinical studies that have found strawberries may help reduce cardiovascular risk factors, pain/inflammation, and insulin levels. The document provides a high-level view of strawberries and the research investigating their possible health applications.
Oats have been shown to reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases, lower fasting blood sugar, HbA1C and high blood pressure, The health claim for oat as a "health food" was approved by FDA in 1997
Spice as Medicine: Black Pepper, Piper nigrumKevin KF Ng
Black pepper, King of spices, Piper nigrum, difference between pepper and chili pepper, origin of black pepper, pharmacology of piperine, benefits of black pepper, bioenhancer
Fruit as Medicine: strawberry, Fragaria AnanassaKevin KF Ng
This document provides an overview of strawberries and their potential health benefits. It begins with definitions of strawberries and their botanical classification. It then discusses the global production and consumption of strawberries, highlighting that China is the world's leading producer. The document reviews scientific studies on the nutrients, phytochemicals, and biological activities of strawberries. It summarizes various animal and human clinical studies that have found strawberries may help reduce cardiovascular risk factors, pain/inflammation, and insulin levels. The document provides a high-level view of strawberries and the research investigating their possible health applications.
Natural sugar substitute: STEVIA, no calorie sweetenerKevin KF Ng
Artificial and natural sweetener; how sweetness is measured commercially;bioacative steviol glycosides properties besides sweetness; stevia has been shown to reduce body weight, lower blood sugar, lipids, blood pressure and alter gut microbiome
Food as Medicine: Cavendish banana, US #1 selling FruitKevin KF Ng
The document discusses the Cavendish banana, the number one selling fruit in the US. It provides details on the history, cultivation, nutritional composition, phytochemicals, and results from clinical studies on the banana. The Cavendish banana is a sterile triploid cultivar that is propagated through runners or cloning. It is rich in nutrients like vitamin C and potassium as well as phytochemicals that may provide health benefits, though clinical studies have found mixed results. More research is still needed to better understand the health impacts of banana consumption.
Spice as Medicine: Coriander & Cilantro, Coriandrum sativumKevin KF Ng
Coriander and cilantro have been used as spice and medicine for thousands of years. Modern science has uncovered their bioactive compounds which are beneficial for health
Spice as Medcine: Ginger, Zingiber officinaleKevin KF Ng
Ginger has been used as food and medicine for more than 5,000 years.Recent scientific studies showed that the bioactive compounds have properties that target nausea, pain, lipids, hyperglycemia and cancer. Meta-analysis of these studies are presented.
Kale is a cruciferous vegetable that is a member of the cabbage family. It contains nutrients like vitamins A, K, and C as well as phytonutrients like beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and glucosinolates. Scientific studies show kale may have benefits like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, though more clinical research is still needed. Kale is generally safe to consume but may cause allergic reactions in some individuals or interfere with blood thinners due to its vitamin K content. Cooking methods can impact the levels of nutrients and phytonutrients in kale.
Natural Sugar Substitute: Monk Fruit, Zero-calorie SweetenerKevin KF Ng
The document provides information about monk fruit, a natural zero-calorie sweetener. It begins with an outline of the presentation topics, which include the historical use of monk fruit in China, its scientific name and cultivation, scientific studies on it, its nutrient composition and pharmacological properties. The document then discusses monk fruit's traditional use in China since 1862, its taste sensation and perception, scientific classification, composition analysis from studies. It reviews laboratory and clinical studies on the health benefits of monk fruit and mogrosides, including effects on blood sugar, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. In summary, the document presents an overview of monk fruit as a natural sweetener, discussing its history, composition and research on health benefits.
Flower as Medicine: chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum MorifoliumKevin KF Ng
Chrysanthemum flower, Shen Nong the Father of Chinese Medicine classified it as Superior Herb. More than 4,000 phytochemicals are known but only a few have been studied in details. Major phytochemicals are flavonoids, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. Anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyptensive properties have been shown. Therapeutic effects have yet to be established.
Fruit as Medicine: Pomegranate, Puna granatumKevin KF Ng
Pomegranate is known for its medicinal properties for more than 5000 years. Modern science has uncovered its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer,anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and antimicrobial properties. Current research is now focused on inflammatory disease and cancer.
This document discusses the health benefits of various foods and food components. It notes that organic milk contains higher levels of vitamins E, beta carotene, and lutein/zeaxanthine compared to conventional milk. Various fruits like blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, and apples are highlighted for their antioxidant properties. Seafood is described as rich in vitamins D and iodine, as well as omega-3 fatty acids. Fermented dairy is said to contain beneficial bacteria, enzymes, vitamins, and minerals that support immunity and bone health. Overall, the document promotes the health advantages of traditional, whole foods diets compared to modern Western diets.
Food as medicine,rationale, origin, lack of nutrition, disorders of nutrient deficiencies, diet plans, introduction of minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals into diet
Fruit as Medicine: blueberry, Genus vacciniumKevin KF Ng
This document provides information about blueberries and their health benefits. It begins with an outline of the topics to be covered, including the scientific classification of blueberries, major production areas, nutrient and bioactive compounds, pharmacological effects, and clinical studies. It then delves into details on the types and cultivation of blueberries, their phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. Several studies are summarized showing blueberries may help conditions like diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The document concludes by noting blueberries are a good source of anthocyanins but have low bioavailability, with metabolites produced by gut microbiota potentially responsible for health effects.
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1172/benefits-of-organic-coffee/
Benefits of Organic Coffee
There are a lot of benefits of drinking coffee but there are especially benefits of organic coffee. Coffee drinkers are less likely to develop any of several types of cancer. Drink coffee regularly and you are less likely to get type II diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or depression. There are, unfortunately a whole host of chemical impurities that may be found in a cup of regular coffee. The benefits or organic coffee over regular coffee hinge on the fact that healthy organic coffee is free of these substances.
A Hundred and Thirty Chemicals That You Can Do Without
Health authorities in Australia have found that more than 130 different impurities may be found in a cup of regular coffee. These contaminants include metals such as aluminum and zinc, pesticide residues, ochratoxin A, acrylamide, furan, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are found to cause cancer. Furans have been associated with skin disorders, liver problems, certain kinds of cancers, impairment to the reproductive, endocrine, and immune system, as well as effects on embryonic development. The benefits or organic coffee start on the coffee farm when the farmer uses sustainable growing practices.
Certified Organic Coffee
USDA certified coffee is the gold standard.
According to the USDA, the following is required for USDA organic coffee certification as well as to all organic food production.
“… Organic food is produced by farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations…”
Organic certified coffees with the USDA seal are the gold standard to which all other organic certified coffees are compared.
However, many small organic coffee growers cannot afford the price of USDA organic coffee certification. Here is where organizations like UTZ and Rainforest Alliance enter the picture.
UTZ Certification
A UTZ grower learns to do the following and then continues to do what is needed.
To reduce and prevent soil erosion, keep records of fertilizer and chemical use and use these products responsibly, follow good farming practices including integrated pest management, avoid deforestation, protect water sources, native and endangered species, use native fauna for shade grown coffee, train workers properly in their own language, implement and follow through on health and safety requirements, teach and require good hygiene, trace coffee from planting to roaster and carry out internal inspections every year.
Why Coffee Protects Against Type II Diabetes
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1543/why-coffee-protects-against-type-ii-diabetes/
Researchers have known for years that drinking coffee reduces the risk of type II diabetes as we noted in our article, More Organic Coffee Can Lead to Less Diabetes. Now researchers have identified a specific bioactive substance in coffee that stimulates insulin secretion and sugar uptake by muscle cells. The report is in the Journal of Natural Products.
Cafestol, a Bioactive Substance in Coffee, Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Increases Glucose Uptake in Muscle Cells: Studies in Vitro
Diet and exercise intervention can delay or prevent development of type-2-diabetes (T2D), and high habitual coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of developing T2D. This study aimed to test whether selected bioactive substances in coffee acutely and/or chronically increase insulin secretion from β-cells and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells. Insulin secretion from INS-1E rat insulinoma cells was measured after acute (1-h) and long-term (72-h) incubation with bioactive substances from coffee.
Coffee, Coffea arabica Benth. (Rubiaceae) and Coffea canephora Benth. (Rubiaceae), contains a diversity of bioactive components that varies with coffee species and the roasting and brewing methods.(8-10) The large number of substances includes methylxanthines (especially caffeine), diterpenes (like cafestol and kahweol), the lignan secoisolaricresenol, phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic-, ferulic-, chlorogenic- and quinic acid), trigonelline, minerals, and degradation products.
The specific substance in coffee that stimulates insulin secretion and subsequent uptake of sugar by muscle cells is cafestol. A related compound, caffeic acid has similar effects.
Natural sugar substitute: STEVIA, no calorie sweetenerKevin KF Ng
Artificial and natural sweetener; how sweetness is measured commercially;bioacative steviol glycosides properties besides sweetness; stevia has been shown to reduce body weight, lower blood sugar, lipids, blood pressure and alter gut microbiome
Food as Medicine: Cavendish banana, US #1 selling FruitKevin KF Ng
The document discusses the Cavendish banana, the number one selling fruit in the US. It provides details on the history, cultivation, nutritional composition, phytochemicals, and results from clinical studies on the banana. The Cavendish banana is a sterile triploid cultivar that is propagated through runners or cloning. It is rich in nutrients like vitamin C and potassium as well as phytochemicals that may provide health benefits, though clinical studies have found mixed results. More research is still needed to better understand the health impacts of banana consumption.
Spice as Medicine: Coriander & Cilantro, Coriandrum sativumKevin KF Ng
Coriander and cilantro have been used as spice and medicine for thousands of years. Modern science has uncovered their bioactive compounds which are beneficial for health
Spice as Medcine: Ginger, Zingiber officinaleKevin KF Ng
Ginger has been used as food and medicine for more than 5,000 years.Recent scientific studies showed that the bioactive compounds have properties that target nausea, pain, lipids, hyperglycemia and cancer. Meta-analysis of these studies are presented.
Kale is a cruciferous vegetable that is a member of the cabbage family. It contains nutrients like vitamins A, K, and C as well as phytonutrients like beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and glucosinolates. Scientific studies show kale may have benefits like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, though more clinical research is still needed. Kale is generally safe to consume but may cause allergic reactions in some individuals or interfere with blood thinners due to its vitamin K content. Cooking methods can impact the levels of nutrients and phytonutrients in kale.
Natural Sugar Substitute: Monk Fruit, Zero-calorie SweetenerKevin KF Ng
The document provides information about monk fruit, a natural zero-calorie sweetener. It begins with an outline of the presentation topics, which include the historical use of monk fruit in China, its scientific name and cultivation, scientific studies on it, its nutrient composition and pharmacological properties. The document then discusses monk fruit's traditional use in China since 1862, its taste sensation and perception, scientific classification, composition analysis from studies. It reviews laboratory and clinical studies on the health benefits of monk fruit and mogrosides, including effects on blood sugar, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. In summary, the document presents an overview of monk fruit as a natural sweetener, discussing its history, composition and research on health benefits.
Flower as Medicine: chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum MorifoliumKevin KF Ng
Chrysanthemum flower, Shen Nong the Father of Chinese Medicine classified it as Superior Herb. More than 4,000 phytochemicals are known but only a few have been studied in details. Major phytochemicals are flavonoids, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. Anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyptensive properties have been shown. Therapeutic effects have yet to be established.
Fruit as Medicine: Pomegranate, Puna granatumKevin KF Ng
Pomegranate is known for its medicinal properties for more than 5000 years. Modern science has uncovered its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer,anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive and antimicrobial properties. Current research is now focused on inflammatory disease and cancer.
This document discusses the health benefits of various foods and food components. It notes that organic milk contains higher levels of vitamins E, beta carotene, and lutein/zeaxanthine compared to conventional milk. Various fruits like blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, and apples are highlighted for their antioxidant properties. Seafood is described as rich in vitamins D and iodine, as well as omega-3 fatty acids. Fermented dairy is said to contain beneficial bacteria, enzymes, vitamins, and minerals that support immunity and bone health. Overall, the document promotes the health advantages of traditional, whole foods diets compared to modern Western diets.
Food as medicine,rationale, origin, lack of nutrition, disorders of nutrient deficiencies, diet plans, introduction of minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals into diet
Fruit as Medicine: blueberry, Genus vacciniumKevin KF Ng
This document provides information about blueberries and their health benefits. It begins with an outline of the topics to be covered, including the scientific classification of blueberries, major production areas, nutrient and bioactive compounds, pharmacological effects, and clinical studies. It then delves into details on the types and cultivation of blueberries, their phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. Several studies are summarized showing blueberries may help conditions like diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The document concludes by noting blueberries are a good source of anthocyanins but have low bioavailability, with metabolites produced by gut microbiota potentially responsible for health effects.
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1172/benefits-of-organic-coffee/
Benefits of Organic Coffee
There are a lot of benefits of drinking coffee but there are especially benefits of organic coffee. Coffee drinkers are less likely to develop any of several types of cancer. Drink coffee regularly and you are less likely to get type II diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or depression. There are, unfortunately a whole host of chemical impurities that may be found in a cup of regular coffee. The benefits or organic coffee over regular coffee hinge on the fact that healthy organic coffee is free of these substances.
A Hundred and Thirty Chemicals That You Can Do Without
Health authorities in Australia have found that more than 130 different impurities may be found in a cup of regular coffee. These contaminants include metals such as aluminum and zinc, pesticide residues, ochratoxin A, acrylamide, furan, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are found to cause cancer. Furans have been associated with skin disorders, liver problems, certain kinds of cancers, impairment to the reproductive, endocrine, and immune system, as well as effects on embryonic development. The benefits or organic coffee start on the coffee farm when the farmer uses sustainable growing practices.
Certified Organic Coffee
USDA certified coffee is the gold standard.
According to the USDA, the following is required for USDA organic coffee certification as well as to all organic food production.
“… Organic food is produced by farmers who emphasize the use of renewable resources and the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future generations…”
Organic certified coffees with the USDA seal are the gold standard to which all other organic certified coffees are compared.
However, many small organic coffee growers cannot afford the price of USDA organic coffee certification. Here is where organizations like UTZ and Rainforest Alliance enter the picture.
UTZ Certification
A UTZ grower learns to do the following and then continues to do what is needed.
To reduce and prevent soil erosion, keep records of fertilizer and chemical use and use these products responsibly, follow good farming practices including integrated pest management, avoid deforestation, protect water sources, native and endangered species, use native fauna for shade grown coffee, train workers properly in their own language, implement and follow through on health and safety requirements, teach and require good hygiene, trace coffee from planting to roaster and carry out internal inspections every year.
Why Coffee Protects Against Type II Diabetes
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1543/why-coffee-protects-against-type-ii-diabetes/
Researchers have known for years that drinking coffee reduces the risk of type II diabetes as we noted in our article, More Organic Coffee Can Lead to Less Diabetes. Now researchers have identified a specific bioactive substance in coffee that stimulates insulin secretion and sugar uptake by muscle cells. The report is in the Journal of Natural Products.
Cafestol, a Bioactive Substance in Coffee, Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Increases Glucose Uptake in Muscle Cells: Studies in Vitro
Diet and exercise intervention can delay or prevent development of type-2-diabetes (T2D), and high habitual coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of developing T2D. This study aimed to test whether selected bioactive substances in coffee acutely and/or chronically increase insulin secretion from β-cells and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells. Insulin secretion from INS-1E rat insulinoma cells was measured after acute (1-h) and long-term (72-h) incubation with bioactive substances from coffee.
Coffee, Coffea arabica Benth. (Rubiaceae) and Coffea canephora Benth. (Rubiaceae), contains a diversity of bioactive components that varies with coffee species and the roasting and brewing methods.(8-10) The large number of substances includes methylxanthines (especially caffeine), diterpenes (like cafestol and kahweol), the lignan secoisolaricresenol, phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic-, ferulic-, chlorogenic- and quinic acid), trigonelline, minerals, and degradation products.
The specific substance in coffee that stimulates insulin secretion and subsequent uptake of sugar by muscle cells is cafestol. A related compound, caffeic acid has similar effects.
Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries that come from Coffea species native to Africa and certain regions in Asia. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries worldwide, primarily in equatorial regions. While legend traces coffee's origins to Ethiopia, where a goat herder first discovered the energizing effects of coffee berries, Brazil now uses a more effective method of growing coffee seedlings in nurseries before planting. A 2017 review found that drinking coffee is generally safe up to 3-4 cups daily and may provide health benefits, but high caffeine intake over 400mg can cause side effects like anxiety, restlessness, and sleep problems.
This document discusses the health benefits of antioxidant-rich organic coffee from Colombia and Panama. It notes that antioxidants in coffee can help reduce diseases and conditions like diabetes, cancer, depression, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Several brands of organic coffee from Colombia and Panama are mentioned that grow their coffee in volcanic soil at high altitudes using shade cultivation methods that protect bird habitats. The document recommends these coffees as good sources of antioxidants for a healthy diet.
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/923/organic-green-coffee-extract/
Organic Green Coffee Extract
A recently popular mean of benefiting from organic coffee antioxidants and caffeine is organic green coffee extract. In a fast paced world the argument is that you can get the stimulus of a cup of coffee as well as the benefits of the antioxidants with organic green coffee extract, typically in pill form. This is sort of the old idea that eventually all we would need was one big vitamin pill a day instead of all that food and beverage that we consume. Providing that you do not especially enjoy the aroma of a good cup of healthy organic coffee you can get some of the benefits of coffee from organic green coffee extract. But let us look at what happens when you roast coffee and then you can decide.
Hangout no.5: Nutrición Deportiva - Tabla cafeínaCarlos Martín
Caffeine is found naturally in many plants and is regularly consumed by 90% of adults. Moderate caffeine intake of 300-400 mg per day is generally considered safe for adults, while children under 12 should limit intake to under 2.5 mg/kg per day. Caffeine was removed from the prohibited substances list in 2004 and can be used to enhance sports performance. While caffeine may improve endurance and high-intensity sports, its effects vary between individuals and some athletes do not follow best practices for its safe and effective use.
The document discusses the health benefits of organic coffee and provides guidelines for identifying the healthiest organic coffees. Organic coffee is free from up to 133 contaminants found in conventional coffee like metals, pesticides, and carcinogens. The healthiest organic coffees are certified by either the USDA Organic, UTZ Certified, or Rainforest Alliance programs, which have standards for sustainable and ethical farming practices. These certification seals indicate the coffee was grown without harmful chemicals and met social and environmental requirements.
Coffee: the Wonder Drug
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1618/coffee-the-wonder-drug/
There is abundant evidence that drinking coffee is good for you? But how much coffee should you drink to obtain the various benefits that coffee offers? Bloomberg Business weighs in on this issue with an article entitled How to
Transform Your Coffee into a Wonder Drug.
Coffee lovers of the world know that their morning cup contains a substance to be reckoned with. Caffeine is so effective at juicing our energy and productivity that until 2004, its intake was restricted by the International Olympic Committee. But the original performance-enhancing drug doesn't just provide a jolt to athletes.
But while caffeine is best known for its ability to keep us awake and alert-more than a few of you are likely reading this piece with a cup of coffee in one hand-research suggests it can sharpen performance across an astonishing range of tasks. As with most things, though, it's easy to overdo it and negate those positive effects. Here’s how, and when, to dose yourself with coffee just right.
It turns out that coffee works better if you are not tired! It has to do with brain chemistry. And if you want to improve longer term memory over a 24 hour period, drink coffee. This particular info comes from a study published in Nature Neuroscience regarding caffeine and memory consolidation in humans.
It is currently not known whether caffeine has an enhancing effect on long-term memory in humans. We used post-study caffeine administration to test its effect on memory consolidation using a behavioral discrimination task. Caffeine enhanced performance 24 h after administration according to an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve; this effect was specific to consolidation and not retrieval. We conclude that caffeine enhanced consolidation of long-term memories in humans.
Want to remember what is going on? Drink coffee.
Antioxidant Rich Diet
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1095/antioxidant-rich-diet/
Stay healthy with an antioxidant rich diet. Antioxidants are substances found in healthy organic coffee and other foods. They help reduce the incidence of Type II Diabetes, many forms of cancer, depression and diseases as diverse as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Although there are foods and beverages that contain higher concentrations of antioxidants, coffee is the leading source of these helpful substances simply because people drink a lot of coffee. Here is some recent information regarding better health with an antioxidant rich diet.
Antioxidants and Blood Sugar
We knew that regular and organic coffee antioxidants help reduce the risk of diabetes but now it is clear that an antioxidant rich diet can lower blood sugar. The antioxidants involved are polyphenols and are found in large quantities in the following foods and drinks. The following is a partial list from the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Identification of the 100 richest dietary sources of polyphenols: an application of the Phenol-Explorer database.
Visit http://buyorganiccoffee.org/1095/antioxidant-rich-diet/ to see the table
Added value of using d2w and d2p in Coffee production value chainChristian Fritz
this presentation provides an overview of the global Coffee value chain and the risks both related to production and environment and offers solutions with our d2w oxo-biodegradable additives and d2p anti-fungal and anti-bacterial masterbatches
Coffee beans come from the seeds of coffee cherries, most commonly containing two seeds but sometimes a single "peaberry" seed. Coffee production involves removing the fruit from the coffee cherry, leaving the bean which is then dried and processed in different ways depending on the method. Coffee has both potential negative effects from overconsumption like increased heart rate and insomnia, but also positive health benefits as an antioxidant and stimulant for metabolism.
The document summarizes information about coffee, including:
1. A coffee bean is the seed inside the red or purple coffee fruit. Coffee beans are referred to as "beans" due to their resemblance to true beans, though they are seeds.
2. Coffee production involves removing the fruit from the coffee seed/bean, then drying the bean. The specific processing method affects the flavor of the roasted and brewed coffee.
3. Coffee provides various nutrients and has potential health benefits, such as stimulating metabolism and burning body fat. However, overconsumption can cause negative effects like increased heart rate and restlessness.
Coffee Banana Intercropping: An Intimate Relationship with Triple WinsDennis Ochola
Coffee-Banana Intercropping is a climate-smart agricultural practice based on indigenous knowledge. It increases farmer incomes, improves resilience to climatic impacts, and sequesters higher amounts of carbon as opposed to monocropping systems. The practice also has positive effects for rural women and household nutrition.
For those of you who are looking for healthy organic coffee and are constantly befuddled by unclear labeling, here is a handy guide to organic coffee labeling. Ever since 2002 the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has had strict guidelines defining what constitutes organic coffee and any other organic food or drink. Another issue that we address in our guide to organic coffee labeling is that there are many great organic coffees such as some of the Colombian organic coffee brands that abide by different sets of standards such as UTZ and do not seek USDA organic coffee certification.
USDA Rules and Regulations for Organic Coffee
Organic coffee is a single ingredient food. As such coffee that qualifies as USDA organic coffee will have a USDA Organic label. When a food in general and specifically a coffee product has more than one ingredient you may see labeling such as 100% organic, organic, or made with organic ingredients. Only 100% organic coffee bears the USDA organic seal. Here is the breakdown:00% Organic (This means what it says. The package contains 100% organic products.)
• Organic (95% to 99% of this bag of coffee is organic.)
• Made with organic ingredients (This label means that 70% to 94% of the bag by weight is organic coffee.
• And, products with some organic ingredients may list them on the package as being organic ingredients.
http://buyorganiccoffee.org/772/drink-coffee-to-avoid-gallstones/
Drink Coffee to Avoid Gallstones
OK folks, here is one more benefit of drinking healthy coffee, and especially healthy organic coffee. It turns out that long term steady coffee consumption can reduce the risk of gallstones. What? Drink coffee to avoid gallstones? Well, you probably already like coffee or you would not be reading this so you do not need to drink coffee to avoid gallstones. You simply need to enjoy your coffee, not decaf, and get one more added benefit of coffee consumption. Where does this information come from? Scientists at the Harvard School of Public Heath set up a prospective study. This means that they set out to test whether or not something was true. In this case they compared coffee drinkers with non-coffee drinkers and two to three cups a day drinkers with four or more cup a day drinkers. They followed over forty thousand men for ten years. They recorded coffee consumption and consumption of other caffeinated drinks and whether or not these men ended up with symptomatic gall bladder disease and gall stones. The men in the study at the beginning ranged from forty to seventy-five years of age. The scientists only were interested in men who did not already have gall bladder disease.
So What Were the Results?
The researchers found that premise that you can drink coffee to avoid gallstones may well be true. Out of the forty thousand men in the study over a decade just over a thousand developed gall bladder disease, symptoms and stones. It turned out, all other factors being equal, that men who drank two to three cups of coffee a day had six tenths as many cases of gall bladder disease as men who did not drink coffee. Men who drank four cups or more a day had 55% the risk of getting gall bladder disease as non-coffee drinkers. This effect did not hold for decaf drinkers! The fact that you can apparently drink coffee to avoid gallstones held true for all brewing methods. Organic coffee was not tested versus regular coffee.
According to research published in JAMA Internal Medicine and summarized in the journal Popular Science, on average coffee drinkers have fewer illnesses than non-coffee drinkers, which reduces absenteeism. Without sugar, milk, cream or any other additive.
Coffee has various health benefits but also some risks if consumed in excess. It contains caffeine and antioxidants. Caffeine is a mild stimulant that can improve alertness but overconsumption may cause anxiety, sleep issues, and irregular heartbeats. Coffee drinking is linked to reduced risks of diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and liver cirrhosis. However, too much coffee can increase blood pressure and cholesterol levels in some people. Pregnant women should limit their intake to 300mg per day.
Green coffee is a popular beverage worldwide. Adult population to old age population drinks green coffee to gain its benefits. The benefits provided by green coffee are due to the presence of beneficial components such as chlorogenic acid came out of green coffee beans.
Similar to Brewed Coffee: Caffeine from ancient drink to modern science (20)
The Use of Vitamin D in Chronic DiseasesKevin KF Ng
This is a slide presentation delivered at the Webinar "Integrative Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases" organized by Bio Quantum Academy on April 5-6, 2024.
Synergistic actions of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2Kevin KF Ng
The active vitamin D3 is calcitriol. The active vitamin K2 is hydroquinone. The combination of vitamin D3 with vitamin K2 protects patients at risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
Target pain receptors with essential oilsKevin KF Ng
Topical essential oils have been used to relieve pain from time immemorial. The recent discoveries of pain receptors and their blockade by bioactive compounds in essential oils explain their mechanisms of action.
The medicinal properties of mushrooms had been recognized more than 5,000 years ago. Modern science has discovered that these medicinal properties are associated with beta-glucans which are complex forms of sugars. China and Japan had approved Maitake, turkey tail, and shiitake mushrooms as drugs.
Solution for chronic inflammatory diseasesKevin KF Ng
Life expectancy in the United States declined by 2.93 years in 2023. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer stroke, and lung disease continue to rise. Evidence is presented that chronic inflammation can be reduced by using food as medicine
A new conept of topical pain relief by phytochemicalsKevin KF Ng
The recent discoveries of nociceptive transient receptive ion channels as pain receptors and its blockade by phytochemicals opens a new era for topical pain research .
CBD has been widely used for various medical conditions ranging from pain relief to epilepsy. However, its mechanism of action has yet to be defined. Current concepts are presented in these slides.
Food is unpalatable without herbs and spices. Recent discoveries of ion channels as the final pathway for pain perception and their blockade by phytochemicals from herbs and spices opens a new era for the topical treatment of painful conditions in man.
Clove is a versatile spice and medicineKevin KF Ng
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the
family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. They are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia
and are commonly used as a spice. Their flavor, medicinal properties and high value sparked off the Dutch-Portuguese war from 1602 to 1654. The main bioactive compound called eugenol has been found to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory , immuno-modulatory, anticancer and organ protective properties .
Answers to a poll on how many cells are replaced every day.Kevin KF Ng
A poll was conducted on LinkedIn from May 4 to May 10, 2023 asking how many cells in an adult body are replaced every day. The poll received answers linking to scientific articles that discuss the numbers and mass of cells in the body, as well as the rates of cell replacement. These articles conclude that billions of cells in the body are replaced each day, with high turnover rates in the skin, blood, and digestive tract.
The first slide presentation on black pepper was posted in June 2019. It has since attracted more than 10,000 viewers. This is an update on recent advances for the viewers and followers.
Scientific studies on watermelon as medicineKevin KF Ng
This document provides an outline for a presentation on the health benefits of watermelon. It discusses the origin and production of watermelon, its nutrient and phytochemical composition, and results from scientific studies. Preclinical studies show watermelon may help reduce blood glucose, blood pressure, and inflammation. Clinical studies suggest watermelon consumption is associated with reduced body weight and blood pressure as well as improved blood lipid and antioxidant status. Overall, the document summarizes the nutritional composition and potential health benefits of watermelon supported by preclinical and clinical research studies.
Chicken soup has long been consumed around the world for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. A modern "super chicken soup" recipe adds shitake mushrooms to provide flavor, boost immunity, and enhance the anti-inflammatory properties of the ingredients. The soup contains chicken, vegetables, herbs, and spices that contain amino acids and phytochemicals shown to reduce inflammation. To make it, boil water and add sliced chicken, onions, garlic, ginger, shitake mushrooms and cook for 15 minutes, seasoning with salt and pepper.
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Kumquat has been used by the Chinese as food and medicine for thousands of years. It is also a symbol of prosperity and usually offered as gift to relatives and friends. This presentation is posted as gift to all my followers and friends in the social media, Recent studies showed that Kumquat has many properties beneficial for health.
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Lindlahr coined the phrase "You are what you eat" in 1942. A poll in LinkedIn shows that 93% of voters still uphold the belief. However, the trend of overweight and obesity from 1902 to 2000
in the United States is still climbing uploads. The death rate from obesity in the United Stats is four times higher than of Japan. This could be attributed to Japan's low rate of obesity, low consumption of red meat and high consumption fish and plant foods such as soybeans and tea.
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The philosophy and applications of Yin Yang and the Five Elements in Chinese Culture covering nature, human body, senses, tastes, diseases and medicine.
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Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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Brewed Coffee: Caffeine from ancient drink to modern science
1. BREWED COFFEE :
CAFFEINE
FROM
ANCIENT DRINK
TO
MODERN SCIENCEBy
Kevin KF Ng, MD, PhD.
Former Associate Professor of Medicine
Division of Clinical Pharmacology
University of Miami, Miami, FL., USA
Email: kevinng68@gmail.com
A Slide Presentation for HealthCare Provider Seminar July 2020
2. Lecture Outline
▪ What is coffee ?
▪ History
▪ Cultivation
▪ Ingredients
▪ Scientific studies
▪ Benefits
▪ Side effects
▪ Summary
3. Potential Coffee Crisis?
▪ The world currently enjoys a two-billion-cup-a-day
habit.
▪ The demand for coffee can only be met if we
encroach on 2.2 million hectares of valuable
rainforest.
▪ The livelihood of 25 million people may depend on
scientists finding a way to protect vulnerable coffee
plants and their ripening berries.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150728-coffee-the-bitter-end-of-our-favourite-drink?ocid=fbfut
4. Roasting green coffee bean removes chlorogenic acid,
enhance flavor
without affecting caffeine content
Lecture on chlorogenic acid will be presented in near future.
5. What is Coffee?
▪ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee
beans, the seeds of berries from certain Coffea species.
▪ Roasted beans are ground and then brewed with near-
boiling water to produce the beverage known as coffee.
▪ Coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a
stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its
caffeine content
8. The Coffee Belt, A World Map of the Major Coffee Producers (2018)
https://seasia.co/2018/01/27/the-coffee-belt-a-world-map-of-the-major-coffee-producers
9. Top 10 coffee consuming countries in the world
https://coffeforus.com/coffee-consumption-by-country-top/
10. Number of publications on Coffee” and “Caffeine” in PubMed
up to 2019
Coffee Caffeine
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=coffee
11. The Most Amazing Coffee Statistics
▪ Americans consume 75% of all their caffeine in the form of coffee.
▪ 66% of women drink coffee every day, compared to 62% of men.
▪ 79% of Americans prepare coffee at home.
▪ 48% of millennials consume gourmet coffee.
▪ About 29% of US coffee consumers drink coffee to relax.
▪ Robusta beans have a higher caffeine content than Arabica beans.
▪ A coffee plant can live up to 100 years.
▪ Brazil exports 5.7 billion pounds of coffee every year.
https://disturbmenot.co/coffee-statistics/
13. 2 main varieties of cultivated coffee beans
There are over 100 species
▪ Robusta: This type of coffee, which contains 2.5% more
caffeine than other types, has a pretty strong taste.
▪ Arabica: This coffee bean with low caffeine and a
smoother taste is aromatic and delicious. 80% of the
coffee in the world is produced from these types of
beans.
▪ Liberica: Liberica is a low yield type of coffee compared
to Arabica and Robusta.
https://www.eliteworldhotels.com.tr/blog-en/for-coffee-lovers-7-different-types-of-
coffee-beans-from-different-countries-and-their-characteristics.3373.aspx
15. Coffee berry at different stages of ripening
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-29842-4
16. Structure of the coffee bean
https://www.feedipedia.org/node/549
17. Types of coffee roasts
https://www.homegrounds.co/how-to-roast-coffee-beans/
Roasting machine
18. 7 types of coffee beans from different countries
Coffee is grown in about 70 countries
1. Vietnam – Robusta
2. Indonesia - Robusta & Arabica
3. Brazil - Arabica
4. India - Arabica & Robusta
5. Colombia - Arabica
6. Ethiopia - Arabica
7. Uganda – Arabica & Robusta
https://www.eliteworldhotels.com.tr/blog-en/for-coffee-lovers-7-different-types-
of-coffee-beans-from-different-countries-and-their-characteristics.3373.aspx
19. Nutrient composition of coffee beans
▪ There are many nutritive substances in coffee brews which vary with the
types of techniques employed in brewing processes.
▪ Coffee contains small amounts of mineral such as Ca, K, Fe, P, Ni, Mg,
and Cr .
▪ The major bioactive compounds are:
▪ Alkaloid: caffeine
▪ Polyphenol: chlorogenic acid
▪ Melanoidins: herterogeneous polymers
▪ Carbohydrates: polysaccharides
▪ Roasting the coffee beans removes >90% of chlorogenic acids leaving
the caffeiene content unchanged
21. Beans and ground coffee
(unroasted or with different levels of roasting). 2018
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6274859/
Beans
Ground coffee
22. Chemical Changes in the Components of Coffee Beans
during Roasting (2015)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095175000103
Chlorogenic acids
Caffeine
unroasted
roasted
23. Chemical composition of unroasted and roasted C. Arabica
coffee bean (2012)
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Chemical-composition-of-unroasted-and-roasted-C-Arabica-Farah-2012_tbl7_305510847
24. Caffeic and chlorogenic acids contents in the soluble extracts of
green, light roasted, medium roasted and dark roasted Robusta coffee,
submitted to freeze-drying and spray-drying (2018)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6274859/
25. Nutrient facts of 1 cup (8 fl oz) of Yeman coffee
Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet
https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/?query=ndbNumber:14209
26. What is Caffeine?
▪ Drug class: central nervous system stimulant
▪ Onset of action: ~1 hour
▪ Duration of action: 3–4 hours
▪ Metabolism: Primary: CYP1A2; Minor: CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9
▪ Elimination half-life: Adults: 3–7 hours; Infants: 65–130 hours
▪ Other names: Guaranine; Methyltheobromine; 1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine; Theine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine
27. Caffeine content in different preparations of coffee
https://headaches.org/2019/02/24/does-caffeine-trigger-or-treat-headaches/
28. Acute effects of caffeine on the systems of the body
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Caffeine-ingestion-has-acute-effects-on-
numerous-body-systems-including-the-following_fig1_249646232
29. Mechanism of stimulant action of caffeine on brain:
adenosine receptor blockade by caffeine
A=adenosine C=caffeine
30. Mechanism of action of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors (PDEIs):
enzyme inhibition by caffeine
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Mechanism-of-action-of-phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitors-PDEIs-PDE4Is-inhibit-the_fig1_282345439
caffeine
31. Effects of caffeine on neurotransmitters
As a consequence of its blockade of adenosine receptors, caffeine also has profound
effects on other major neurotransmitters, including dopamine, acetylcholine,
serotonin, and, in high doses, on norepinephrine.
http://worldofcaffeine.com/caffeine-and-neurotransmitters/neurotransmitters-venn-diagram-2/
32. Bioavailability of caffeine (1983)
Half-life 2.7 to 9.9 h
Adapted from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6832208/
33. The half-life of caffeine is about 4 hours
https://www.sketchplanations.com/post/153511487793/the-half-life-of-caffeine-is-about-4-hours-the
35. Caffeine Dependence, Withdrawal, and Tolerance
▪ Dependence:
▪ a pattern of behavior focused on the repetitive and compulsive seeking and taking
of a psychoactive drug.
▪ Withdrawal symptoms in humans
▪ Headaches
▪ Fatigue
▪ Weakness
▪ Drowsiness
▪ Impaired concentration
▪ Work difficulty
▪ Depression
▪ Anxiety
▪ Irritability
▪ Increased muscle tension
▪ Tremor, nausea, and vomiting (occasionally)
▪ Withdrawal symptoms generally begin 12-24 hours after sudden
cessation of caffeine consumption and reach a peak after 20-48
hours.
▪ Tolerance: tendency to increase consumption of caffeine
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1182710-overview?src=ppc_google_rlsa-traf_mscp_emed-mid-cohort_md_us#a6
1
36. Main symptoms of Caffeine Overdose
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Caffeine-ingestion-has-acute-effects-on-numerous-body-systems-including-the-following_fig1_249646232
37. 25 Common Caffeine and Drug Interactions classified as
severe to moderately severe
https://www.caffeineinformer.com/caffeine-drug-interactions
38. Safety of caffeine
▪ Caffeine is classified by the US Food and Drug Administration as
generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
▪ Toxic dose is over 10 grams per day for an adult
▪ A cup of coffee contains 80–175 mg of caffeine, depending on what
"bean" (seed) is used and how it is prepared (e.g., drip, percolation, or
espresso).
▪ Thus it requires roughly 50–100 ordinary cups of coffee to reach the
toxic dose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffein
e
39. Toxic and lethal plasma concentration of caffeine (2018)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5986491/
40. Documented Deaths By Caffeine
▪ Death By Caffeine Pills: (4)
▪ Death by caffeine powder: (1)
▪ Death by Energy Drinks : (4)
▪ Death by Monster: (3)
▪ Death By Red Bull : (3)
https://www.caffeineinformer.com/a-real-life-death-by-caffeine
41. Use of Roasted coffee
▪ Roasting coffee transforms the chemical and physical properties
of green coffee beans into roasted coffee products.
▪ The roasting process is what produces the characteristic flavor of
coffee by causing the green coffee beans to change in taste.
▪ The stimulant property of caffeine has been exploited for
enhancement of physical performance.
▪ Recent studies have been made on the effects of caffeine on
obesity , metabolic syndrome and cancer.
42. The effect of caffeine on exercise performance when ingesting caffeine
before exercise (above horizontal hashed line) or
before and during exercise (below horizontal hashed line)
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-effect-of-caffeine-CAF-on-exercise-performance-when-ingesting-CAF-before-exercise_fig2_23658597
43. Effect of caffeine ingestion as compared to a placebo on
single and repeated jump performance in team sport athletes (2018)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15438627.2018.1552146
Favors caffeine
45. Meta-analysis of caffeine induced diuresis. (2015)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4725310/
46. Harmful and beneficial effects of Coffee consumption:
meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes (2017)
https://www.bmj.com/content/359/bmj.j5024
Harmful
Beneficial
47. The effect of coffee consumption on serum lipids:
a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2012)
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejcn201268/figures/2
48. Coffee Intake and Obesity: A Meta-Analysis (2019)
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/6/1274/htm
Our meta-analysis suggests that higher coffee intake might be modestly associated with reduced adiposity, particularly in men.
49. Relative Risk (RR) of coffee and cancer incidence (2016)
▪ Inverse associations were observed on:
▪ Oral cancer: RR 0.69 (95% CI = 0.48-0.99, I2 = 73.4%, P = 0.044)
▪ Pharyngeal cancer: RR 0.87 (95% CI = 0.78-0.96, I2 = 28.4%, P = 0.007),
▪ Colon cancer: RR 0.46 (95% CI = 0.37-0.57, I2 = 0%, P = 0),
▪ Liver cancer: RR 0.89 (95% CI = 0.84-0.93, I2 = 30.3%, P = 0.003),
▪ Prostate cancer: RR 0.73 (95% CI = 0.67-0.80, I2 = 0%, P = 0)’
▪ Endometrial cancer: RR 0.89 (95% CI = 0.80-0.99, I2 = 0%, P = 0.031)
▪ Lung cancer: RR 2.18 (95% CI = 1.26-3.75, I2 = 63.3%, P = 0.005)
▪ Breast cancer: No association was found between overall coffee drinking
and breast cancer
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5036059/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-49205-x
50. Is caffeine consumption safe during pregnancy?
▪ Moderate caffeine consumption (less than 200 mg per
day) does not appear to be a major contributing factor in
miscarriage or preterm birth.
▪ The relationship of caffeine to growth restriction remains
undetermined.
▪ A final conclusion cannot be made at this time as to
whether there is a correlation between high caffeine
intake and miscarriage.
https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2010/08/moderate-caffeine-consumption-during-pregnancy
51. Summary
▪ Originating in Ethiopia almost two thousand years ago, coffee plant is
now cultivated in many tropical countries.
▪ Only 2 species of coffea are grown for human consumption: Arabica
and Robusta.
▪ 70% of the world drinks Arabica and 30% drinks Robusta coffee.
▪ The major bioactive compounds in coffee are caffeine and chlorogenic
acids.
▪ Roasting degrades almost all the chlorogenic acids leaving the caffeine
unchanged.
▪ Caffeine is mainly used as a stimulant; chlorogenic acids are now been
studied for their anti-obesity, anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia,
anti-diabetes and anticancer properties