16. HISTORICAL PROJECTS
Historical projects How has project management developed?
Building of the pyramids “Creation” - coordination of construction
Viking travels “Conquest” - strategy and operative levels
16th-18th century trade agreements “Problem solving” - business benefits,
efficiency through deals and networks
Technological development projects, e.g.
the telephone
“Development” - changing product, goal,
markets, way of operating
Resource: Artto, K et al. (2006). Projektiliiketoiminta.
17. PROJECT MANAGEMENT OVER TIME
Decade Themes
1950 Governance, purchasing, planning
1960 Time management, project management systems
1970 Organization, leadership, teams
1980 Project models, quality
1990 Processes, information technology, networking
2000 Co-operation, virtual models, creativity, education
Resource: Artto, K et al. (2006). Projektiliiketoiminta.
18. EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS
❏ Developing a new product or service
❏ Implementing a change in the structure, staffing or culture of an
organization
❏ Developing or acquiring a new or modified information system
❏ Constructing a building or infrastructure
❏ Implementing a new business process or procedure
19. MANAGING A PROJECT
❏ Identifying requirements
❏ Addressing the needs, concerns and expectations of the stakeholders
❏ Balancing the project constraints
20. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS
❏ A target outcome
❏ A defined life span
❏ Cross organisational participation
❏ Stakeholder participation
❏ New or unique
❏ Time, cost and performance requirements
21. TYPICAL DOWNFALLS
❏ Client not committed enough
❏ Project time frame too long
❏ Risk management
❏ Poor testing
❏ Constraints: time, budget, quality, scope
34. TIME MANAGEMENT
❏ Time management is essential in project planning and allocating tasks
❏ Team’s time management is only as good as its’ members
❏ Keeping promised times and deadlines is important
❏ Open and honest communication prevents conflicts
35. WHEN TASKS PILE UP
❏ Constant evaluation of schedule and tasks
❏ Feeling of control reduces stress levels
❏ Be action orientated and prioritize
❏ Know your goals and how progress is measured
36. GETTING THINGS DONE
❏ Collect all issues and ideas together
❏ Process the collected issues at fixed intervals
❏ What needs to be done?
❏ Organize the different tasks into options
❏ Weigh the options and prioritize
❏ Decide what to do and when
If it takes 2 minutes do it right away, otherwise schedule it or delegate
41. STAKEHOLDER COMMITMENT
❏ Good communication atmosphere
❏ Experiences of trustworthy co-operation
❏ Synergy, sharing knowledge
❏ Experienced quality
❏ Professionality of project manager and good attitude
❏ Stakeholders are a huge asset
43. WHY DO WE NEED PROJECT MODELS?
❏ Systematic approach to project management
❏ Used to make project work easier to manage and communicate
❏ Telling what to do and in what order
❏ Making the work process more efficient
❏ The same general work model to be shared in the project and in the
company
❏ Progress easier to communicate and to understand
44. WHY SHOULD YOU USE PROJECT MODELS?
Careful planning is crucial for project success
45. WHY SHOULD YOU USE PROJECT MODELS?
❏ Careful planning is crucial for project
success
Executing needs to be efficient to get things
done
46. WHY SHOULD YOU USE PROJECT MODELS?
❏ Careful planning is crucial for project
success
❏ Executing needs to be efficient to get
things done
To improve, you need to revise the work
progress and quality
47. WHY SHOULD YOU USE PROJECT MODELS?
❏ Careful planning is crucial for project
success
❏ Executing needs to be efficient to get
things done
❏ To improve, you need to revise the work
progress and quality
Act if there is room for improvement
48. WHY SHOULD YOU USE PROJECT MODELS?
❏ Careful planning is crucial for project
success
❏ Executing needs to be efficient to get
things done
❏ To improve, you need to revise the work
progress and quality
❏ Act if there is room for improvement
Integrate new decisions into plan – the project
plan is not just a piece of paper you write in the
beginning of the project
53. WHAT IS SCRUM?
❏ Agile software development methodology
❏ A flexible and holistic approach to project management
❏ Team works as a unit to reach a common goal
❏ Customers can change their minds about what they want and need
during a project
❏ Easier to address unpredicted challenges
❏ Focusing on the team’s ability to deliver quickly
Product owner, development team, Scrum Master...
56. Scrum Master
A looser role than Project Manager
Facilitator
Manages process of how
information is exchanged
Makes sure workloads are equal
Makes sure deadlines and
milestones a reached
Key events
➔ Sprint planning
◆ What work is to be done?
◆ Identify and communicate how much work to be
done
➔ Weekly scrum meeting
◆ All members come prepared
◆ What did I do last week that helped the team?
◆ What will I do next week to help the team?
➔ Sprint review
◆ Review the work that has been completed and
uncompleted
◆ Present the completed work to stakeholders
◆ What went well? What could be improved?