The document provides biographical details about Booker T. Washington, an influential African American educator and leader in the late 19th century. It notes that he was born into slavery, worked various jobs as a young man while attending school, and went on to establish the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, which provided vocational education for African Americans. The document also summarizes Washington's famous "Atlanta Compromise" speech of 1895, in which he called for racial cooperation and advocated for African Americans to focus on vocational education over other rights.
This covers all of how America got into World War One through how we helped end the war in Europe. It also at the end discusses the treaty of Versailles.
Booker T. Washington was born into poverty in 1856 in Virginia. He had to work long hours in salt mines as a child so that he could attend school. He faced significant obstacles as an African American but went on to become an educator and the first African American male president of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. He worked to change negative perceptions of black people and advocated for education as key to freedom and success.
The Spanish-American War was caused by Cuban rebels seeking independence from oppressive Spanish rule under General Weyler. American newspapers sensationalized Weyler's brutal tactics, angering the American public. When the USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor, papers blamed Spain and rallies formed under the slogan "Remember the Maine!". Congress granted President McKinley permission to intervene on behalf of Cuban independence. The U.S. fought Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, quickly defeating Spanish forces. Under the 1898 Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the United States.
The document outlines key events in the American Civil Rights Movement from the Reconstruction Era to the 1960s. It discusses pivotal court cases like Plessy v. Ferguson, which legalized segregation, and Brown v. Board of Education, which overturned it. Major nonviolent protests led by Martin Luther King Jr. and organizations like the SCLC, SNCC, and CORE are also summarized, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and March on Washington. The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 are noted as important victories for the movement.
The Progressive Era in America saw widespread reforms in the early 20th century to address issues like workers' rights, women's and children's rights, economic issues, and the environment. Reformers sought to (1) protect social welfare, (2) promote moral improvement, (3) create economic reform, and (4) foster efficiency. Notable progressive presidents included Theodore Roosevelt, who broke up trusts and conserved natural resources, and Woodrow Wilson, who strengthened antitrust laws and established the Federal Trade Commission. However, the movement failed to significantly advance civil rights for African Americans.
The document provides an overview of the Vietnam War from 1959-1975, including key events and perspectives from both sides. It summarizes that the Vietnam War was the longest in U.S. history, lasting nearly 20 years and costing over $200 billion with nearly 58,000 American deaths. It also discusses the ongoing impacts on veterans including issues like Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and exposure to Agent Orange.
Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States. He took office in 1945 after Franklin Roosevelt died. As president, Truman faced major decisions including dropping the atomic bombs on Japan to end WWII, starting NATO and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, and fighting communism through policies like the Truman Doctrine. He won an unlikely reelection victory in 1948. During his second term, Truman sent troops to Korea and fired General MacArthur, faced accusations of communism from Senator McCarthy, and oversaw the rebuilding of the White House. After leaving office in 1953, Truman worked to establish his presidential library and later died in 1972.
The document provides biographical details about Booker T. Washington, an influential African American educator and leader in the late 19th century. It notes that he was born into slavery, worked various jobs as a young man while attending school, and went on to establish the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, which provided vocational education for African Americans. The document also summarizes Washington's famous "Atlanta Compromise" speech of 1895, in which he called for racial cooperation and advocated for African Americans to focus on vocational education over other rights.
This covers all of how America got into World War One through how we helped end the war in Europe. It also at the end discusses the treaty of Versailles.
Booker T. Washington was born into poverty in 1856 in Virginia. He had to work long hours in salt mines as a child so that he could attend school. He faced significant obstacles as an African American but went on to become an educator and the first African American male president of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. He worked to change negative perceptions of black people and advocated for education as key to freedom and success.
The Spanish-American War was caused by Cuban rebels seeking independence from oppressive Spanish rule under General Weyler. American newspapers sensationalized Weyler's brutal tactics, angering the American public. When the USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor, papers blamed Spain and rallies formed under the slogan "Remember the Maine!". Congress granted President McKinley permission to intervene on behalf of Cuban independence. The U.S. fought Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, quickly defeating Spanish forces. Under the 1898 Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the United States.
The document outlines key events in the American Civil Rights Movement from the Reconstruction Era to the 1960s. It discusses pivotal court cases like Plessy v. Ferguson, which legalized segregation, and Brown v. Board of Education, which overturned it. Major nonviolent protests led by Martin Luther King Jr. and organizations like the SCLC, SNCC, and CORE are also summarized, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and March on Washington. The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 are noted as important victories for the movement.
The Progressive Era in America saw widespread reforms in the early 20th century to address issues like workers' rights, women's and children's rights, economic issues, and the environment. Reformers sought to (1) protect social welfare, (2) promote moral improvement, (3) create economic reform, and (4) foster efficiency. Notable progressive presidents included Theodore Roosevelt, who broke up trusts and conserved natural resources, and Woodrow Wilson, who strengthened antitrust laws and established the Federal Trade Commission. However, the movement failed to significantly advance civil rights for African Americans.
The document provides an overview of the Vietnam War from 1959-1975, including key events and perspectives from both sides. It summarizes that the Vietnam War was the longest in U.S. history, lasting nearly 20 years and costing over $200 billion with nearly 58,000 American deaths. It also discusses the ongoing impacts on veterans including issues like Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and exposure to Agent Orange.
Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States. He took office in 1945 after Franklin Roosevelt died. As president, Truman faced major decisions including dropping the atomic bombs on Japan to end WWII, starting NATO and the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, and fighting communism through policies like the Truman Doctrine. He won an unlikely reelection victory in 1948. During his second term, Truman sent troops to Korea and fired General MacArthur, faced accusations of communism from Senator McCarthy, and oversaw the rebuilding of the White House. After leaving office in 1953, Truman worked to establish his presidential library and later died in 1972.
Booker T. Washington was an influential African American educator and leader born into slavery in 1856. He worked various manual jobs as a child before saving enough money to attend school. Washington went on to found the Tuskegee Institute in 1881, which trained former slaves and their descendants. As the leader of Tuskegee for over 30 years, he became one of the most prominent black educators and advised three U.S. presidents on issues of race. Washington died in 1915 after a lifetime of advocating for black education and civil rights through his writings, speeches, and work establishing the Tuskegee Institute.
The document discusses several key events and developments during the Era of Good Feelings in the United States, including the establishment of the Second Bank of the United States, the Tariff of 1816 and other economic policies known as the American System, the Missouri Compromise which helped address the issue of the balance of slave and free states, and the Monroe Doctrine which declared the Americas closed to future European colonization.
The document summarizes key events and developments in the Civil Rights movement in the United States, including important Supreme Court cases (Plessy v Ferguson, Brown v Board of Education), civil rights legislation (Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965), and influential figures and events (Jackie Robinson breaking the color barrier in baseball, Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK, MLK's "I Have a Dream" speech). Key amendments to the Constitution and executive orders aimed to abolish slavery and provide equal protection under the law.
The Civil War began in 1861 following several decades of increasing tensions between northern and southern states over the issues of states' rights and slavery. Key events and compromises failed to stop the spread of slavery and preserve the Union, culminating in southern states seceding to form the Confederate States of America. The war was fought for control of territories and to determine whether slavery would be permitted to expand. Major battles like Antietam, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg were turning points, and Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation aimed to weaken the South by freeing slaves. Ultimately, the Union prevailed after General Lee surrendered in 1865, but Lincoln was assassinated shortly after.
The document summarizes major events in US history from prehistoric settlement through modern times. It covers the arrival of European colonists beginning in 1492, the American Revolution and establishment of the US, expansion of slavery and the Civil War, women's suffrage movement in the late 1800s, US involvement in World Wars 1 and 2 which established it as a world power, the civil rights movement led by MLK Jr., Neil Armstrong being the first man on the moon in 1959, the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001, and US responses including the War on Terror, invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, and current conflict with ISIS.
The Gilded Age brought both prosperity and problems to the United States. While industrialization and expansion created success, it also produced political corruption, poor social conditions, and unfair economic practices. Reforms addressed these issues through various new laws and organizations. The direct election of senators, civil service reforms, women's suffrage, housing codes, labor unions, and antitrust acts helped to solve political corruption, unsanitary cities, lack of representation, monopolies, and workers' rights issues plaguing the Gilded Age.
The document introduces American imperialism between 1867 and 1898. It discusses how stronger nations extended political and economic control over weaker territories through colonialism. In the late 19th century, European powers scrambled to claim territory in Africa and Asia. The US began pursuing imperialism for economic, military, and cultural reasons, including the belief in white racial superiority. The US expanded from its longstanding isolationist foreign policy by acquiring Alaska, Midway Islands, and Hawaii in this period. The Spanish-American War of 1898 allowed the US to gain control of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, cementing its status as an emerging world power by the early 20th century.
Jimmy Carter's presidency was marked by several key events and challenges:
1) He brokered the historic Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel in 1978.
2) However, his presidency was hampered by stagflation, the Iran hostage crisis, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
3) He lost his bid for reelection in 1980 to Ronald Reagan in a landslide as Americans had lost confidence in his leadership.
The Vietnam War lasted from 1954 to 1975 and involved military engagement between North Vietnam and South Vietnam, with the United States backing South Vietnam. France had previously controlled Vietnam but withdrew after their defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. This led to Vietnam being divided along the 17th parallel, with communist North Vietnam controlling the north and US-backed South Vietnam controlling the south. Tensions rose and the US became increasingly involved, sending military advisors to support South Vietnam against North Vietnam and communist Viet Cong forces in the south. Major events of the war included the Gulf of Tonkin incident leading to increased US bombing of North Vietnam, the Tet Offensive of 1968, and the fall of Saigon in 1975 when North Vietnam defeated
There was unrest in Massachusetts in the 1780s as farmers struggled with debt and high taxes following the Revolutionary War. Daniel Shay organized protests and an armed rebellion in 1786-1787 with over 700 men to demand relief from debt collection and taxation. The rebels seized courthouses and attempted to take weapons from an armory but were defeated by militia in January 1787. Over 150 rebels were captured and some sentenced to death, though most received pardons. The rebellion revealed weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation and contributed to calls for a stronger federal constitution.
The Spanish American War was caused by American sympathy for Cuban rebels fighting for independence from Spanish rule, America's interest in expanding its influence outlined in the Monroe Doctrine, and economic interests in Cuban sugar plantations. Yellow journalism in American newspapers exaggerated Spanish atrocities and stirred up pro-war sentiment, culminating in calls for war after the mysterious sinking of the USS Maine. The war resulted in Spain losing control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, with Cuba gaining nominal independence as a US protectorate and the others becoming US territories.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1945. He came from a wealthy family in New York and attended Groton School and Harvard University. After practicing law for a few years, he began his political career in 1910 when he was elected to the New York State Senate. He later served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1913 to 1920. In 1921, he contracted polio, but worked to recover and continue his political career. He was elected governor of New York in 1928 and president in 1932, launching his New Deal programs to pull the country out of the Great Depression through new agencies and economic reforms.
Thomas Jefferson defeats John Adams in the 1800 presidential election, but ties with Aaron Burr which leads to the House of Representatives choosing Jefferson as president, revealing a flaw in the electoral process. As president, Jefferson simplifies the presidency by reducing the military and taxes while expanding U.S. territory through the Louisiana Purchase which doubles the size of the country. Jefferson also establishes judicial review and the Supreme Court's ability to declare laws unconstitutional through the Marbury v. Madison case.
The document provides an overview of American imperialism between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It discusses the expansion of US influence through colonialism in Latin America, Hawaii, Samoa, and Alaska. It also covers the Spanish-American War that resulted in the US acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898. Debates emerged over whether to annex the Philippines, and a brutal war broke out as Filipinos resisted American control. Ultimately, the US established colonial rule over its new territories in the aftermath of the war.
This document compares the views and careers of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois, two influential African American leaders at the turn of the 20th century. While both advocated for education for African Americans, Washington promoted industrial and vocational training to create skilled labor, while DuBois supported higher education for some as well as industrial training for most. They also differed in their views on politics, with Washington promoting accommodation and DuBois advocating for public protest and agitation. On segregation, Washington accepted it to allow economic advancement while DuBois called for an immediate end. Their economic views also diverged, with Washington supporting capitalism and DuBois being more critical and calling for greater public
The document provides a brief overview of key events in U.S. history from the arrival of the Pilgrims in 1620 to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It mentions the American Revolution that established the U.S. as an independent nation, the Louisiana Purchase that expanded its territory, the California Gold Rush that drew many settlers west, the Civil War that ended slavery, women gaining the right to vote in 1920, the stock market crash of 1929 that led to the Great Depression, the integration of schools in 1954 during the Civil Rights Movement, the first moon landing in 1969, the Vietnam War in the 1960s-1970s that was protested, and the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001.
The Executive Branch is headed by the President and includes the Vice President and Cabinet. The President has many roles including chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, and chief of state. The Cabinet consists of heads of executive departments who advise the President and run their departments. Other parts of the Executive Branch include independent agencies, regulatory commissions, and government corporations that carry out specific functions.
The document summarizes two important events in African American history - the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Lincoln that freed slaves in Confederate states, and the 1963 March on Washington where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. It provides historical context for both events, including the struggles that led to them, key people involved, and their lasting impacts in advancing civil rights and equality.
John F. Kennedy served as president from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. His presidency was dubbed "Camelot" and aimed to foster a New Frontier of economic reform. Kennedy met with Khrushchev to discuss Berlin but two months later the Berlin Wall was erected. The failed Bay of Pigs invasion aimed to overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba but ended with Cuban forces being killed or captured. The Cuban Missile Crisis, where the Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles in Cuba, brought the U.S. and Soviet Union to the brink of nuclear war until a deal was struck for the Soviets to remove the missiles.
The document discusses the various motivations and factors that drove United States expansion westward in the 19th century. Key reasons included the spread of American beliefs and civilization through missionary work; the need for access to ports on the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico for trade; the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution creating demand for resources and farmland; and a belief in "Manifest Destiny" that America was destined to expand across the continent. Critics argued that this expansion displaced Native Americans and was often justified through racist ideologies.
Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois were two influential African American leaders in the late 19th and early 20th century who disagreed on the path to social and economic progress for black Americans. While Washington advocated for industrial education and accommodation to racial discrimination, DuBois championed higher education and direct political action/protest to achieve racial equality. This debate between their philosophies polarized leaders within the black community and shaped approaches to civil rights for decades.
Woodville Elementary School held a Black History Month event honoring Black leaders and the school's history of desegregation. The event featured presentations on influential Black figures like Harriet Tubman, George Washington Carver, and Martin Luther King Jr. It also highlighted local leaders involved in Tallahassee's bus boycott like Reverend Charles Kenzie Steele and Patricia Stephens Due. The school traced its own history from a one-room schoolhouse to its desegregation in the 1960s. The event aimed to teach students about the struggles and accomplishments of Black Americans.
Booker T. Washington was an influential African American educator and leader born into slavery in 1856. He worked various manual jobs as a child before saving enough money to attend school. Washington went on to found the Tuskegee Institute in 1881, which trained former slaves and their descendants. As the leader of Tuskegee for over 30 years, he became one of the most prominent black educators and advised three U.S. presidents on issues of race. Washington died in 1915 after a lifetime of advocating for black education and civil rights through his writings, speeches, and work establishing the Tuskegee Institute.
The document discusses several key events and developments during the Era of Good Feelings in the United States, including the establishment of the Second Bank of the United States, the Tariff of 1816 and other economic policies known as the American System, the Missouri Compromise which helped address the issue of the balance of slave and free states, and the Monroe Doctrine which declared the Americas closed to future European colonization.
The document summarizes key events and developments in the Civil Rights movement in the United States, including important Supreme Court cases (Plessy v Ferguson, Brown v Board of Education), civil rights legislation (Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965), and influential figures and events (Jackie Robinson breaking the color barrier in baseball, Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by MLK, MLK's "I Have a Dream" speech). Key amendments to the Constitution and executive orders aimed to abolish slavery and provide equal protection under the law.
The Civil War began in 1861 following several decades of increasing tensions between northern and southern states over the issues of states' rights and slavery. Key events and compromises failed to stop the spread of slavery and preserve the Union, culminating in southern states seceding to form the Confederate States of America. The war was fought for control of territories and to determine whether slavery would be permitted to expand. Major battles like Antietam, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg were turning points, and Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation aimed to weaken the South by freeing slaves. Ultimately, the Union prevailed after General Lee surrendered in 1865, but Lincoln was assassinated shortly after.
The document summarizes major events in US history from prehistoric settlement through modern times. It covers the arrival of European colonists beginning in 1492, the American Revolution and establishment of the US, expansion of slavery and the Civil War, women's suffrage movement in the late 1800s, US involvement in World Wars 1 and 2 which established it as a world power, the civil rights movement led by MLK Jr., Neil Armstrong being the first man on the moon in 1959, the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001, and US responses including the War on Terror, invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, and current conflict with ISIS.
The Gilded Age brought both prosperity and problems to the United States. While industrialization and expansion created success, it also produced political corruption, poor social conditions, and unfair economic practices. Reforms addressed these issues through various new laws and organizations. The direct election of senators, civil service reforms, women's suffrage, housing codes, labor unions, and antitrust acts helped to solve political corruption, unsanitary cities, lack of representation, monopolies, and workers' rights issues plaguing the Gilded Age.
The document introduces American imperialism between 1867 and 1898. It discusses how stronger nations extended political and economic control over weaker territories through colonialism. In the late 19th century, European powers scrambled to claim territory in Africa and Asia. The US began pursuing imperialism for economic, military, and cultural reasons, including the belief in white racial superiority. The US expanded from its longstanding isolationist foreign policy by acquiring Alaska, Midway Islands, and Hawaii in this period. The Spanish-American War of 1898 allowed the US to gain control of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, cementing its status as an emerging world power by the early 20th century.
Jimmy Carter's presidency was marked by several key events and challenges:
1) He brokered the historic Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel in 1978.
2) However, his presidency was hampered by stagflation, the Iran hostage crisis, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
3) He lost his bid for reelection in 1980 to Ronald Reagan in a landslide as Americans had lost confidence in his leadership.
The Vietnam War lasted from 1954 to 1975 and involved military engagement between North Vietnam and South Vietnam, with the United States backing South Vietnam. France had previously controlled Vietnam but withdrew after their defeat at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. This led to Vietnam being divided along the 17th parallel, with communist North Vietnam controlling the north and US-backed South Vietnam controlling the south. Tensions rose and the US became increasingly involved, sending military advisors to support South Vietnam against North Vietnam and communist Viet Cong forces in the south. Major events of the war included the Gulf of Tonkin incident leading to increased US bombing of North Vietnam, the Tet Offensive of 1968, and the fall of Saigon in 1975 when North Vietnam defeated
There was unrest in Massachusetts in the 1780s as farmers struggled with debt and high taxes following the Revolutionary War. Daniel Shay organized protests and an armed rebellion in 1786-1787 with over 700 men to demand relief from debt collection and taxation. The rebels seized courthouses and attempted to take weapons from an armory but were defeated by militia in January 1787. Over 150 rebels were captured and some sentenced to death, though most received pardons. The rebellion revealed weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation and contributed to calls for a stronger federal constitution.
The Spanish American War was caused by American sympathy for Cuban rebels fighting for independence from Spanish rule, America's interest in expanding its influence outlined in the Monroe Doctrine, and economic interests in Cuban sugar plantations. Yellow journalism in American newspapers exaggerated Spanish atrocities and stirred up pro-war sentiment, culminating in calls for war after the mysterious sinking of the USS Maine. The war resulted in Spain losing control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, with Cuba gaining nominal independence as a US protectorate and the others becoming US territories.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1945. He came from a wealthy family in New York and attended Groton School and Harvard University. After practicing law for a few years, he began his political career in 1910 when he was elected to the New York State Senate. He later served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1913 to 1920. In 1921, he contracted polio, but worked to recover and continue his political career. He was elected governor of New York in 1928 and president in 1932, launching his New Deal programs to pull the country out of the Great Depression through new agencies and economic reforms.
Thomas Jefferson defeats John Adams in the 1800 presidential election, but ties with Aaron Burr which leads to the House of Representatives choosing Jefferson as president, revealing a flaw in the electoral process. As president, Jefferson simplifies the presidency by reducing the military and taxes while expanding U.S. territory through the Louisiana Purchase which doubles the size of the country. Jefferson also establishes judicial review and the Supreme Court's ability to declare laws unconstitutional through the Marbury v. Madison case.
The document provides an overview of American imperialism between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It discusses the expansion of US influence through colonialism in Latin America, Hawaii, Samoa, and Alaska. It also covers the Spanish-American War that resulted in the US acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898. Debates emerged over whether to annex the Philippines, and a brutal war broke out as Filipinos resisted American control. Ultimately, the US established colonial rule over its new territories in the aftermath of the war.
This document compares the views and careers of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois, two influential African American leaders at the turn of the 20th century. While both advocated for education for African Americans, Washington promoted industrial and vocational training to create skilled labor, while DuBois supported higher education for some as well as industrial training for most. They also differed in their views on politics, with Washington promoting accommodation and DuBois advocating for public protest and agitation. On segregation, Washington accepted it to allow economic advancement while DuBois called for an immediate end. Their economic views also diverged, with Washington supporting capitalism and DuBois being more critical and calling for greater public
The document provides a brief overview of key events in U.S. history from the arrival of the Pilgrims in 1620 to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It mentions the American Revolution that established the U.S. as an independent nation, the Louisiana Purchase that expanded its territory, the California Gold Rush that drew many settlers west, the Civil War that ended slavery, women gaining the right to vote in 1920, the stock market crash of 1929 that led to the Great Depression, the integration of schools in 1954 during the Civil Rights Movement, the first moon landing in 1969, the Vietnam War in the 1960s-1970s that was protested, and the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001.
The Executive Branch is headed by the President and includes the Vice President and Cabinet. The President has many roles including chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, and chief of state. The Cabinet consists of heads of executive departments who advise the President and run their departments. Other parts of the Executive Branch include independent agencies, regulatory commissions, and government corporations that carry out specific functions.
The document summarizes two important events in African American history - the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Lincoln that freed slaves in Confederate states, and the 1963 March on Washington where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. It provides historical context for both events, including the struggles that led to them, key people involved, and their lasting impacts in advancing civil rights and equality.
John F. Kennedy served as president from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. His presidency was dubbed "Camelot" and aimed to foster a New Frontier of economic reform. Kennedy met with Khrushchev to discuss Berlin but two months later the Berlin Wall was erected. The failed Bay of Pigs invasion aimed to overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba but ended with Cuban forces being killed or captured. The Cuban Missile Crisis, where the Soviet Union installed nuclear missiles in Cuba, brought the U.S. and Soviet Union to the brink of nuclear war until a deal was struck for the Soviets to remove the missiles.
The document discusses the various motivations and factors that drove United States expansion westward in the 19th century. Key reasons included the spread of American beliefs and civilization through missionary work; the need for access to ports on the Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico for trade; the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution creating demand for resources and farmland; and a belief in "Manifest Destiny" that America was destined to expand across the continent. Critics argued that this expansion displaced Native Americans and was often justified through racist ideologies.
Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois were two influential African American leaders in the late 19th and early 20th century who disagreed on the path to social and economic progress for black Americans. While Washington advocated for industrial education and accommodation to racial discrimination, DuBois championed higher education and direct political action/protest to achieve racial equality. This debate between their philosophies polarized leaders within the black community and shaped approaches to civil rights for decades.
Woodville Elementary School held a Black History Month event honoring Black leaders and the school's history of desegregation. The event featured presentations on influential Black figures like Harriet Tubman, George Washington Carver, and Martin Luther King Jr. It also highlighted local leaders involved in Tallahassee's bus boycott like Reverend Charles Kenzie Steele and Patricia Stephens Due. The school traced its own history from a one-room schoolhouse to its desegregation in the 1960s. The event aimed to teach students about the struggles and accomplishments of Black Americans.
A brief look at the background of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois as a set up to their ideas as to how best to achieve African American equality in the United States in the early 20th Century.
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Booker T. Washington Essay
Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome Booker T. Washing. Booker Taliaferro Washington was born in Hale s Ford, Virginia on April 5th, 1856 to Jane Burroughs and an unknown White man. Washington was married three times. His first wife was Fannie N. Smith from Malden, West Virginia. Booker and Fannie were married in the summer of 1882 and had one child together named Portia M. Washington. Fannie died two years later in May 1884. The second wife was Olivia A. Davidson in 1885. Olivia was a teacher in Mississippi and Tennessee. She then worked as a school teacher in Tuskegee and that is how she met Booker T. she was an assistant principal. Olivia and...show more content...Washington attracted the support of White philanthropists. In late 1890s he was the most prevailing African American man in the country. Dozens of business leaders and politicians (including presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft) regularly sought his advice on race relations, southern politics, appointing Black Americans to federal jobs, and granting funds to Black institutions. Washington formed loyal supporters African Americans and Whites as well.
Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois are similar to each other but disagree on plans for African Americans social and economic progress. Booker T. Washington, educator, reformer and the most inflectional black leader of his time (1856 1915) preached a philosophy of self help, racial solidarity and accommodation. Washington encouraged African Americans to take on discrimination and focus on educating themselves through hard work and disci
Race Relations and the Early Civil Rights MovementCoachPinto
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During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, southern states like Georgia legally enforced racial segregation and passed Jim Crow laws requiring separation of public facilities for blacks and whites. The 1896 Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson upheld the constitutionality of segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine. Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois disagreed on the approach to gaining equality, with Washington advocating for black economic empowerment through vocational skills and Du Bois pushing for full civil rights and education. Despite legal protections, southern states used intimidation, violence, and discriminatory voting laws to prevent blacks from exercising their civil rights.
Script for YouTube video for: WEB Dubois: The Souls of Black Folk, Personal Essays From Reconstruction Era
WEB Dubois was raised in Massachusetts and never suffered mildly racist attitudes until he attended public school. He innocently gave a valentine to a white girl and the shocked response really astounded him. He first encountered the virulent racism of the Deep South when he attended the black Fisk University in Tennessee and the Jim Crows system of suppression of black voting, bigotry, and lynchings, which peaks in the years of his schooling. WEB Dubois, why does being black mean being a problem to solve?
When he graduated from Fisk University he worked two years at a small schoolhouse earning a pittance for his pay. He could not afford a horse, so after he graduated he started walking through village after village asking if they needed teacher, and kept getting the answer, We donât need a teacher here. Then he came to a ramshackle house where a black girl named Josie Dowell excitedly told him the village was looking for a teacher for a new school. He visited the commissionerâs house, showing his teaching certificate, and not only was he hired on the spot, he was sort-of invited to dinner. The whites ate first, then he was served, he ate alone.
We will discuss his essays on:
âĸ His agreements and disagreements with Booker T Washington on how blacks should seek their civil rights.
âĸ His experiences as a young teacher in the post Civil War Reconstruction South.
âĸ His experiences as a young father with his firstborn son.
âĸ The educational opportunities at black schools and colleges.
We also discuss:
âĸ Black colleges such as Tuskegee Institute, Fisk University, and Howard University
âĸ Life during the Reconstruction and Jim Crow Redemption Eras, when the KKK ruled the nights, and the lasting legacy of slavery.
âĸ Booker T Washington and his speech given at the Atlanta Exposition of 1895, aka the Cotton Exposition. His speech was named the Atlanta Compromise.
âĸ Thomas Sowellâs essay on Booker T Washington and WEB Dubois.
âĸ WBS Dubois famous question: Why does being black mean being a problem to solve? Why must blacks have a double-consciousness, being black in a white society?
âĸ Top Tenth black leader movement.
You can purchase Souls of Black Folk from Amazon at: https://amzn.to/2UUjFY9
Up from Slavery chronicles Booker T. Washington's journey from slavery to becoming an influential educator and civil rights activist. As a young boy, Washington worked hard labor jobs before gaining an education. He then founded the Tuskegee Institute to educate freed slaves in practical skills. Washington details the growth of Tuskegee from a shantytown to a large campus. He became a prominent national figure after his 1895 Atlanta Exposition speech promoting racial uplift through education and vocational skills. The autobiography advocates Washington's approach of accommodating whites while economically advancing blacks through education.
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W. E. B. DuBois
WILLIAM EDWARD BURGHARDT DUBOISâ was very angry with Booker T.
Washington. Although he admired Washington's intellect and
accomplishments, he strongly opposed the position set forth by Washington
in his Atlanta Exposition Address. He saw little future in agriculture as the
nation rapidly industrialized. DuBois felt that renouncing the goal of
complete integration and social equali.
Chapter 17 Daily Life in the Gilded Age PowerpointThomas Melhorn
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This document provides an overview of daily life and key events in the Gilded Age. It discusses popular forms of entertainment like baseball and the growth of schools and universities. It also examines the discrimination faced by African Americans during this time. Laws like the Jim Crow statutes legalized racial segregation following the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruling, which upheld the doctrine of "separate but equal".
The document summarizes the Reconstruction era in the United States from 1865 to 1877 following the Civil War. It discusses the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau to aid freed slaves through education, healthcare, and employment. It also examines the ideological differences between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois regarding the appropriate path for empowering African Americans after emancipation.
Booker T. Washington was an American educator born into slavery in 1856 in Virginia. He worked manual jobs until saving enough money for school. In 1881, he founded Tuskegee Institute, an influential historically black college in Alabama. As its leader for over 30 years, he advocated for industrial education and racial uplift through vocational skills. He also advised three U.S. presidents and was a renowned author and speaker on topics of education and race relations.
Surname 1
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Booker T. Washington
Booker T. Washington was born in1856. He was from a humble background. He studied at the Hampton Institute where he also taught in his future career. This was a substantial change from law and ministering to a teaching career. He highly influenced relations of the southern race and played a key role in public affairs of the black people.
Washington fought for rights of African-Americans population to be literate them from slavery. His leadership was conservative making him to receive support from the whites as well as influencing large followers from the Africans-Americans. Notably, African-Americans may have brawled since their arrival in the 1600s on slave ships. The slaves were strained to work in farms, for two consecutive centuries under the eye the white owners. Their living conditions were poor and were not given chance to acquire education. In 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation brought freedom to the African-Americans and following their newly acquired freedom, these African-Americans were jobless due to lack of knowledge (Toppin 45).
Following the Emancipation Proclamation, he proceeded to work in a coal mine. When he was seventeen, Washington went to work at Hampton Institute where he worked as a janitor. He then proceeded to become a student there and subsequently a well-known speaker on educational subjects where he emphasized on hard work. After wards in 1901, Washington received an invitation from President Theodore Roosevelt to White House (Norrell 87). This was seen as a social intercourse between the blacks and the whites. The blacks were receiving more recognition and acceptance. Booker T. slowly began to earn respect and he started preaching to Blacks to accept they were inferior compared to whites. Booker enlightened them that they had to prove to the whites, they had the social capability of taking care of themselves. He advised them that, in order to make successful businesses, they had to get into politics and also get educated. Booker T. was given the name "The Great Compromiser" due to these beliefs (Mackintosh et al 21). Most ex-slave owners started to respect the notions of Booker T., and not only was he acknowledged by the Blacks, the whites started to respect him. However, Booker T. Washington received criticism from other African American leaders such as William Du Bois in his essay the Soul of Black Folks. However, he retaliated with his Niagara Movement. They also differed over the establishment of the National Association for Advancement of Colored People (NAAP). In addition, Du Bois and other African Americans claimed that Washington was not telling the whole truth as they argued that he had large financial responsibilities and dependence on the rich who compelled him not to reveal the truth in order to protect their interests.
Booker T. Washington had a vision to provide vocational skills training in the institute to assist the African-Amer ...
Daily life in early 1800s America varied greatly between the North and South. In the North, most people lived on small family farms close together and earned their living through agriculture. In the South, wealthy plantation owners relied on slave labor to cultivate large cotton crops for profit, exacerbating racial inequalities. As some Americans moved West, they encountered Native American tribes working to maintain their lands and cultures in the face of westward expansion.
Reconstruction of black & urban areas finalPeggy Bloomer
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The document discusses the Reconstruction period in the United States following the Civil War from 1863 to 1887. During this time, the government grappled with how to reunite the northern and southern states and address the end of slavery. This led to the passage of amendments providing citizenship and voting rights to Black Americans, though the South resisted through the creation of "Black Codes" and Jim Crow laws enforcing racial segregation and discrimination. The Civil Rights movement from the 1950s to 1960s sought to end these discriminatory practices through nonviolent protests and resulted in landmark legislation banning racial segregation and discrimination.
1.23.24 Early Visionaries--Washington, DuBois, and Garvey.pptxMaryPotorti1
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Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois advocated different strategies for advancing black liberation in America in the late 19th/early 20th century. Washington believed black Americans should focus on vocational skills and economic independence through accommodation to eventually gain equality. DuBois argued for direct confrontation through demanding civil rights and higher education to achieve full participation and end second-class citizenship. Their differing views reflected tensions over the best approach and had influential impacts on black communities and leaders.
This document provides a summary of a walking tour around prominent landmarks in Washington D.C., including the White House, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Lincoln Memorial, Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, Thomas Jefferson Memorial, Washington Monument, and United States Capitol. At each stop, brief facts and activities are presented to teach students about the history and significance of these national monuments and memorials that pay tribute to important figures and events in American history.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
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In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
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Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens â now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. Youâll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. Weâll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where youâre at, youâll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the bodyâs response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
2. Background
â Born into slavery April 8 1859
â He never new his father (said to
be a white man who lived on a
neighbouring plantation, the
never played an emotional or
financial role
â He worked in salt furnaces and
coal mines
â Attended the Hampton Institute
and later theWayland Seminary
3. The Atlanta Compromise
â The Atlanta Compromise was
an agreement in 1895
â This was between BookerT
himself, the president of
Tuskegee university, other
African American leaders and
southern white leaders
â âNo race can prosper till it learns
that there is as much dignity in
tilling a field as in writing a
4. Tuskegee University
â 1881, Hampton Institute
president Samuel C. Armstrong,
recommended Washington (25)
to become the first leader of the
Tuskegee Normal and Industrial
Institute
â The year after,Washington
purchased a former plantation
and his students literally built
their school out of bricks and
making classrooms
5. Achievements
â First leader of theTuskegee
University
â Gained national fame after the
Atlanta compromise
â Taught himself how to read and
write and wrote 14 books
â He had gained an endowment of
over $2 million by his death
â Progression of education for blacks
in the South
6. Failures/criticisms
â BookerTWashington was criticized by many black leaders at the time because he accepted
discrimination too easily. He tried to get black African Americans to start businesses and
progress economically which he believed would be what ended segregation instead of fighting
against the segregation that was going on.
â As the most powerful black leader in America at the time he may have found it easier than some
others and as he was very popular with northern whites in America he may have had to deal
with less âsegregationâ than some others would have had.Therefore many black African
Americans who found it hard to create businesses because they had so little money and
education didnât like that he kept pushing for this because it would have been very difficult for
them to do.
7. Overall assessment
â BookerTWashington had a big impact on Civil rights in America
â He came from nothing to be on of the most important Civil rights leaders in America and spent
his whole life fighting to improve the lives of African Americans.
â He created a school and raised lots of money to help educate African Americans who otherwise
would not have had the chance to learn which has helped generations of African Americans.
â He gave speeches and wrote books that changed how African Americans were seen and are still
being read today.
â Even though he was unpopular with some, he still did good for African Americans and helped a
lot of people who suffered segregation in America.
Editor's Notes
The compromise basically said that Black people wouldnât ask for the right to vote, nor would they retaliate against racist behaviour, they would tolerate segregation and discrimination. In return for this they would receive basic rights like free basic education, and other economical advantages. At the turn of the 20th century, notable members of the Civil Rights movement too issue with the compromise (e.g. W. E. B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter) Du Bois also believed that the Atlanta race riot of 1906 was as a consequence of the Atlanta compromise.
This was Booker Tâs contribution to the civil rights movement. The Atlanta Compromise comes with much controversy because Black people were essentially giving up the right to vote in return for more basic economical rights. It was Booker Tâs belief that the black community of America should be segregated. âIn all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.â
Commemorative stamp issued in 1940
The Oaks house, the house that Booker T lived in during his time at the University. They moved into the house in 1900, and Washington lived there until his death in 1915. His widow, Margaret, lived at The Oaks until her death in 1925