Mobile phones provide a low-cost way to scale up reporting in PMTCT programs in remote, low-resource areas of Tanzania. Using free IQSMS software and mobile phones already owned by health workers, facilities are able to submit monthly PMTCT reports via SMS within 30 minutes, saving time and transport costs compared to paper-based reporting that could take 1-2 months. Regular SMS reporting and data validation checks help improve data quality while real-time access to reports allows for timely monitoring and decision making. Providing free airtime, toll-free numbers, and instructions in local languages were important factors in increasing reporting rates from health facilities over time.
SMS Pharma is a service that provides up-to-date information on local health providers and availability of medicines. Micro-workers supply the required information. Users access the information through SMS, voice or an app. The service is scalable and can be adapted globally.
We launched part of the service in Senegal. Users can get the pharmacies that are open in 8 cities using SMS. We want to expand to more cities and countries and scale with micro-workers.
En esta dispositiva apreciaremos cuales son las estrategias de acompañamiento y seguimiento de un tutor virtual y el manejo adecuado de una plataforma virtual.
SMS Pharma is a service that provides up-to-date information on local health providers and availability of medicines. Micro-workers supply the required information. Users access the information through SMS, voice or an app. The service is scalable and can be adapted globally.
We launched part of the service in Senegal. Users can get the pharmacies that are open in 8 cities using SMS. We want to expand to more cities and countries and scale with micro-workers.
En esta dispositiva apreciaremos cuales son las estrategias de acompañamiento y seguimiento de un tutor virtual y el manejo adecuado de una plataforma virtual.
Mohit Rao Mind Reader - Corporate ProfileMohit Rao
Mohit Rao is a Mind Reader and entertainer.
His Stage Show s designed for the intelligent and typically corporate audience. In this entertaining & engaging show, Mohit Rao appears to be able to predict and influence people's thoughts, manipulate their decisions and read what a person is thinking!
Details of his Show are at www.MohitRao.co.in
Molt útil com a esquema de les fonts de refèrencia de la major part dels organismes supralocals. Interessant perquè hi trobareu els links directament per entrar-hi.
Mohit Rao Mind Reader - Corporate ProfileMohit Rao
Mohit Rao is a Mind Reader and entertainer.
His Stage Show s designed for the intelligent and typically corporate audience. In this entertaining & engaging show, Mohit Rao appears to be able to predict and influence people's thoughts, manipulate their decisions and read what a person is thinking!
Details of his Show are at www.MohitRao.co.in
Molt útil com a esquema de les fonts de refèrencia de la major part dels organismes supralocals. Interessant perquè hi trobareu els links directament per entrar-hi.
Brief view of the achievements of a regional long-term e-health strategy done in Andalusia, the southernmost region of Spain. It is a comprehensive strategy for the whole population of this spanish region: more than 8 million inhabitants. EHR, electronic prescription, appointment, lab tests, image and others. An independent economic study shows a 260 euros of benefit for each 100 euros invested after 10 years of starting the initiative
Shaping a world of health without boundaries ne e_gov summit shillong 30 may ...Prakash Kumar
How Tele-Health can bring quality healthcare to remote parts of India. Government data shows that Community Health Centers have shortage of specialists varying from 60% to 100% at CHCs in NE-India. The Tele-Health solution can solve this problem to a great extent without compromising on quality.
The solution enables doctors sitting in cities to treat patients in remote locations while not being tied to a studio and can use any device. The patient is not only able to talk to teh doctor and his vital parameters seen by the doctor but the prescription signed by the doctor gets printed at patient's end.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Ocular injury ppt Upendra pal optometrist upums saifai etawah
Bobby jefferson unite for sight apri 21 2pm l 2012
1. mHealth: Scale Up of Mobile in PMTCT Program
technology isn’t the barrier to scale up
• Bobby Jefferson, Director Health Informatics, Futures Group
• Principal Investigator – Health Information Systems Grant Kenya
• Partners in AIDS Care and Treatment, University of Maryland Institute of Human Virology
• Tanzania HIV AIDS Relief Program 1
• Tanzania Orphans and Most Vulnerable Children (MVC) MIS
3. Environment
423 ART Hospital Facilities
770 PMTCT - Antenatal Care (ANC)
Low Resource
Rural, remote, mission hospitals “serving poorest of poor” and Ministry of
Health (MOH) facilities
• Intermittent power,
• Lack of trained IT staff,
• Lack internet,
• Sparse mobile coverage
6. Low Resource Environment
Nurses, Clinicians, Adherence Counselors, need health data, M&E
program data in knowledge repository
• Lack of referrals, or linkage between HIV, PMTCT, TB, or to existing
technology systems
• Cost effectiveness and sustainability -- no funds for proprietary
licenses, or yearly maintenance fees
7. Off Grid Technology: Address
Approach
Intermittent Power
How to Give Presentations or
IT Training
in
Rural Clinics When
Power or Generator is Offline
?
to address power
8. Off Grid Technology: Address
Approach
Intermittent Power
Battery Operated
Projector
to address power
15. Off Grid Technology: Address
Approach
Intermittent Power
How to Power Netbook Computer
in Rural Clinic When
Power or Generator is Offline
?
to address power
16. Technology
Approach
Samsung Solar
Netbook PC - NC215
Intel Atom N570 Processor 1.3 GHz
1 GB DDR3 Memory Module
10’ LED Backlit LCD Screen
250GB 5400 rpm Sata Hard Disk
802.11bg/n Wi-Fi
10/100 Ethernet Port
0.3 Mega Pixel Web Camera
802.11 b/g/n Wireless LAN
Bluetooth V3.0
Headphone Jack,
4-in-1 (SD, SDHC, SDXC, MMC) Multi
Card Reader
3 USB 2.0 Ports & VGA Port out
3 W Stereo Speaker (1.5 W x 2)
Dimensions : 10.20″ (W) x 7.07″ (D)
x 0.85″ ~ 1.33″ (H)
Warranty : 1 Year Warranty
21. Distance from Time spent to
Facility Name District Facility to District Deliver PMTCT Bus Fare (Tsh)
Tanzania (KM) Report (Hrs)
MWANZA Region
NYAMAGANA DISTRICT
Mwamashimba Health Centre Kwimba 50 1.30hrs 10000
Malya Health Centre Kwimba 25 1hr 5000
Kikubiji Dispensary Kwimba 102 4hrs 20000
Kiliwi Dispensary Kwimba 100 4hrs 20000
KWIMBA DISTRICT
Nyakalilo Health Center Sengerema 46 2 HRS 8000
Mwangika Health Centre Sengerema 98 4 HRS 10000
Sengerema Health Centre Sengerema 10 20MIN 3000
SENGEREMA DISTRICT
Kharumwa Health Centre Geita 115 3HRS 20000
Nzera Health Centre Geita 48 2HRS 8000
Katoro Health Centre Geita 50 45MIN 6000
Nkome Dispensary Geita 80 2HRS 6000
Nyang'hwale Health Center Geita 85 2HRS 7000
Kasamwa Health Centre Geita 25 30MIN 4000
Bukori Health Centre Geita 60 1:30HRS 6000
22. Tanzania Environment
• staff Gender 89% female
• 100% posses mobile phone
• 71% used SMS on mobile phone
• Predominately Swahili speakers and readers
28. IQSMS – Free software
Report formatting Data Type Validation
Data validation Report Duplication
Check
PMTCT MONTHLY REPORT
Jan-10
Paper Report SMS
PMTCT Antenatal Clinic (ANC) Monthly Summary
Form
LPTF 1
All women attending ANC for the
given report period
ANC 01. New ANC clients this month 1188
ANC 02. Previously known to be HIV positive 17
ANC 03. Total number tasted 574
ANC 04. Number of new client had HIV test at ANC 277
ANC 05. Tested HIV-Positive 37
ANC 06. Post-test counseled for positive and negative 574
ANC 07. Number of partners tested for HIV 16
ANC 08. Tested HIV-Positive 4
33. Query Database Using SMS From Mobile Phone
Bugando Clinic – Site 1
How many new antenatal clients this month?
How many were tested for HIV?
How many tested Positive ?
SMS Query: R1, M1, Site 1
37. Benefits
Submission via low cost mobile phones in the field
IQSMS project takes advantage of mobile phones already owned by health worker. By using a
familiar device, training requirements are similar to paper based training
Low cost of SMS submission ($0.04 per SMS)
Fuel and Transport cost savings in staff travel and reliable data submission
Health Care Workers no longer required physically to transport paper reports or fax PMTCT
reports to central project offices.
PMTCT Data can be made accessible to a wider audience (local, district, region, levels
Health facilities interested to know how their statistics compare with others in their districts
District officers want to receive aggregate report via SMS, email and
send queries to IQSMS database
38. Distance from Time spent to
Facility Name District Facility to District Deliver PMTCT Bus Fare (Tsh)
Tanzania (KM) Report (Hrs)
MWANZA Region
NYAMAGANA DISTRICT 15 Min Avg
Mwamashimba Health Centre Kwimba 50
Malya Health Centre Kwimba 25
Kikubiji Dispensary Kwimba 102
Kiliwi Dispensary Kwimba 100
KWIMBA DISTRICT
Nyakalilo Health Center Sengerema 46
Mwangika Health Centre Sengerema 98
Sengerema Health Centre Sengerema 10
SENGEREMA DISTRICT
Kharumwa Health Centre Geita 115
Nzera Health Centre Geita 48
Katoro Health Centre Geita 50
Nkome Dispensary Geita 80
Nyang'hwale Health Center Geita 85
39. Number of PMTCT Sites Reporting Using Mobile IQSMS
# of
Sites
# of Months
41. technology isn’t the barrier to scale up
• After early adopters, health care workers not keen sending message
unless they have free airtime and toll free number available from their
mobile telecom provider ; we increase use by 50% when toll free is
available
• They wanted direct feedback from district coordinator verifying he
received their monthly report
• The older staff have more difficulty
using mobile for messaging and
reporting;
42. technology isn’t the barrier to scale up
• Staff in rural areas want their SMS messages in Swahili or local
language; Detailed instructions in Swahili to how to do reporting and
use phones for reporting
• Worker receive per diem for transports costs to bring their list and
reports district offices, losing out in reimbursement was not issue
• (25% share phone vs. Own)
43. Instruction on
Any problems with
Swahili critical to
small buttons on the
using IQSMS
phone?
Response Freq %
Response Freq %
No 6 17.14
No 30 85.71
Yes 29 82.86
Yes 5 14.29
Total 35 100
Total 35 100
• Reasons For Not Sending Monthly Report
– Majority said they don’t understand English
language
– Need message understandable in Swahili language
45. Barriers to implementing • Anything that can be
mobile phone reporting for improved on report
submitting all four reports submission to make
each month report to be on time
Mobile Network Problem/failure • Response Freq %
Server don’t respond on time • No 14 40.00
Report type is hard • Yes 21 60.00
It have been found that free • Total 35 100
Airtime is critical for scale up
47. technology isn’t the barrier to scale up
• When PMTCT staff submits SMS report that fails validation
more than three (3) times; there is likely an issue with
understanding the indicators;
• We use data to target training on indicators to specific staff
• We still travel for
data quality audit (DQA) to
verify the reported values
against the register
48. technology isn’t the barrier to scale up
• Delay in Reporting times for PMTCT reports to district level
office went from 1-2 months to 30 minutes
• It takes on average only 15 minutes a month to submit all four
reports
49. M&E Electronic Reporting System
Solar Power Cell phones
PDA device
Ms Access Database
Excel
PMTCT MONTHLY REPORT
PMTCT Antenatal Clinic (ANC) Monthly
Excel Only Summary Form Web Internet
118 Desktop
ANC 01. New ANC clients this month 8
ANC 02. Previously known to be HIV
positive 17
ANC 03. Total number tasted 574
ANC 04. Number of new client had HIV test
at ANC 277
ANC 05. Tested HIV-Positive 37
ANC 06. Post-test counseled for positive
and negative 574
ANC 07. Number of partners tested for HIV 16
ANC 08. Tested HIV-Positive 4
50. Thank you
we predict the trends that will affect a
country’s stability and growth. we see
connections between disparate data points
that others miss— allowing us to uncover
the real barriers to well-being and discover
innovative solutions for a better world.