1. Focusing readers on the language of a text

3. As little girls, twins Teresa and Vincenza adopted their school friend, Sabina, as a “blood sister”. The three pricked their tiny fingers, rubbed their blood together and swore they would be best friends for ever. However, Sabina changed primary schools and the trio lost contact. In time, they all married, moved house, became mothers and got on with life. Now, more than 20 years later, an internet website has changed everything. The best friends in Years 3-6 at Gilles Plains Primary School have found each other again. The website they used-www.schoolfriends.com.au- also recently helped a Western Australian mother find her biological father, a builder from country New South Wales. The site has more than 580,000 members who at- We will use the first column of the ‘Blood Sisters’ article.

4. As little girls, twins Teresa and Vincenza adopted their school friend, Sabina, as a “blood sister”. The three pricked their tiny fingers, rubbed their blood together and swore they would be best friends for ever. However, Sabina changed primary schools and the trio lost contact. In time, they all married, moved house, became mothers and got on with life. Now, more than 20 years later, an internet website has changed everything. The best friends in Years 3-6 at Gilles Plains Primary School have found each other again. The website they used-www.schoolfriends.com.au- also recently helped a Western Australian mother find her biological father, a builder from country New South Wales. The site has more than 580,000 members who at- We will take each reference item in turn and identify the word(s) each refers to. Each of the examples identified here involves the use of a personal pronoun or the definite article.

5. As little girls, twins Teresa and Vincenza adopted their school friend, Sabina, as a “blood sister”. The three pricked their tiny fingers, rubbed their blood together and swore they would be best friends for ever. However, Sabina changed primary schools and the trio lost contact. In time, they all married, moved house, became mothers and got on with life. Now, more than 20 years later, an internet website has changed everything. The best friends in Years 3-6 at Gilles Plains Primary School have found each other again. The website they used-www.schoolfriends.com.au- also recently helped a Western Australian mother find her biological father, a builder from country New South Wales. The site has more than 580,000 members who at- As we work through each example, find the reference word in your text and then circle it and the word(s) that it refers to.

6. As little girls, twins Teresa and Vincenza adopted their school friend, Sabina, as a “blood sister”. The three pricked their tiny fingers, rubbed their blood together and swore they would be best friends for ever. However, Sabina changed primary schools and the trio lost contact. In time, they all married, moved house, became mothers and got on with life. Now, more than 20 years later, an internet website has changed everything. The best friends in Years 3-6 at Gilles Plains Primary School have found each other again. The website they used-www.schoolfriends.com.au- also recently helped a Western Australian mother find her biological father, a builder from country New South Wales. The site has more than 580,000 members who at-