1.
BLOOD &
BLOOD
PRODUCTS
Dr. Murali . U. M.S; M.B.A
Prof. of Surgery

2.
Objectives
• Properties
• Functions
• Blood Products

3.
Blood
• Blood is considered as River of
life, Fluid of life, growth & health
• Average human has 5 litres of
blood i.e, 8% of total body weight
• It is a transporting fluid
• It carries vital substances to all
parts of the body

4.
Properties Of Blood
• Colour range
• - Oxygen-rich blood is scarlet red bright
crimson
• - Oxygen-poor blood is purple red.
• Red colour comes from the several million
red cells, present in it
• pH must remain between 7.35–7.45
• Temp 38˚ c or 100.4˚ F

5.
Properties Of Blood
• Blood is 5 times more viscous than
water.
• Blood is a specialized type of
connective tissue in which living
blood cells, (formed elements), are
suspended in a non living fluid matrix
called plasma.
• Cellular Part (Formed Elements)
• Non cellular part (Plasma)

6.
blood and blood transfusions 6

7.
Functions Of Blood
Blood performs a number of functions
• Distribution
• Regulation
• Protection

8.
Distribution Functions
Nutritive
Respiratory
Excretory
Transport
Regulation Functions
Maintanence
Buffering
Protection Functions
Preventing blood loss
Defensive function
8

9.
blood and blood transfusions 9

10.
Blood Products
• Components of the blood
which are collected from
a donor for use in blood
transfusion.

11.
Blood Products
Red Cell Concentrates
Platelet Concentrates
Granulocyte Concentrate
Fresh Frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
Cryo poor plasma
Stored plasma
Albumin
Immunoglobulin
Coagulation Factors
Cellular Components
Plasma Components
Plasma Derivatives
Blood
Whole Blood
Fresh Whole Blood

12.
Whole Blood
BLOOD COMPONENTS
Slow Centrifugation
Packed Red Blood Cells Platelet Rich Plasma
High Speed Centrifugation
1 Unit of Random Donor
Platelets
1 Unit of Fresh Frozen Plasma
Thawing precipitates the
plasma proteins
Cryoprecipitate

13.
Whole Blood
• Whole blood = Donor blood + Anticoagulant
• 1 Unit - 450ml
• Anticoagulant (CPDS)
• Rich - coagulation factors
• Hct - 45%
• Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c
• Shelf life - 35 days

14.
Whole Blood
Indications
• Acute blood loss with hypovolaemia
• Exchange transfusion
- severe anaemia at birth
- severe hyperbilirubinaemia
• Massive transfusion
• Cardiovascular bypass surgery

15.
Fresh Whole Blood
Packed Red Cells
Light spin, 22oC(within 8 hrs)
Platelet Rich Plasma
Heavy spin,22oC
Platelet Concentrate Fresh Plasma
Store at 22oC Freeze(FFP)

16.
Red Cell Concentrate
• Also called Packed Red Cells
• Platelets and plasma are removed
• I Unit - 330ml
• Hct – 65 - 75%
• Shelf life - 35 days
• Stored at 2 - 4 ˚c

17.
Red Cell Concentrate
Indications
• Anaemia
• Thalassemia
• Sickle cell disease

18.
Fresh Frozen Plasma
• Removed – Fresh blood & Rapidly Frozen
• 1 Unit – 200 - 250ml
• Contains all coagulant factors
• Stored at - 40 to - 50˚c
• Shelf life – 2 years

19.
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Indications
• Single clotting factor deficiency
• Multiple clotting factors deficiencies-
DIC
• Massive transfusions
• Warfarin overdose
• Haemorrhagic disease of neonates
• TTP

20.
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Thaw at 4oC & heavy spin
Cryoprecipitate
-Refrozen within 1 hr
-Store at < - 18oC
Cryoremoved Plasma
Freeze -80oC immediately
Stored at < -18oC

21.
Cryoprecipitate
• Fresh frozen plasma thawed at 4°C
• Rich in – F – VIII & Fibrinogen
• I unit = 15 - 20ml
• Stored at -30°C
• Shelf life – 2 years

22.
Cryoprecipitate
Indications
• Hemophilia A
• Von Willebrand’s disease
• FXIII or fibrinogen deficiency

23.
Platelets Concentrate
• Platelet rich plasma – Cent.
• Stored at – 20 to 24 ˚c
• Shelf life – 5 days
• I unit = 15 - 20ml
• Uses =
Thrombocytopenia
Drug induced Hge

24.
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC)
• Derived from pooled plasma
• Contains – F – II / IX / & X
• Emergency reversal of warfarin therapy

25.
Autologous Blood
• Collection / infusion of client’s own blood
• Can be collected weekly as long as client’s
H & H are within safe range
• Upto 3 weeks before surgery
• Hct - 45%
• Stored at 2 - 6 ˚c
• Shelf life - 35 days

26.
1. Shelf life of Packed Red cells - ?
• A 5 days
• B 5 weeks
• C 5 months
•
• D 5 years

27.
2. Which of the following can be used in Inherited
defeciency of Factor VIII / Factor XIII ?
• A Fresh frozen plasma
•
• B Platelet concentrate
• C Cryoprecipitate
• D Packed cells

28.
3. All of the following are plasma derivatives
except -
• A Albumin
• B Immunoglobin
• C Coagulation factors
• D Stored plasma

29.
4. In Autologous blood transfusion, the blood
can be withdrawn upto - weeks before
surgery ?
• A 2 weeks
•
• B 3 weeks
• C 4 weeks
• D 5 weeks

30.
5. Patients on Aspirin who are actively bleeding
& undergoing major surgery may require - ?
• A Prothrombin concentrate
• B Packed red cells
• C Plasma – Fresh
• D Platelet concentrate

31.
T
H
A
N
X
THANX