Black Bird Uav Stability, Control and Simulation

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2 likes•1,677 views

This document discusses using simulation software to model aircraft dynamics and stability. It would allow modeling the effects of structural adjustments on stability, and simulating aircraft stability under different conditions. The simulation could also be used to tune autopilot settings and provide flight and emergency training. MATLAB would interface with the simulation for calculations. Challenges include accurately modeling launch, prop wash on controls, and sensor/camera effects on stability. The simulation aims to model aircraft behavior, develop test procedures, and provide training.

Flight Dynamics & Stability and Control
Simulation

Philip Asante

• Model Aircraft Dynamics

• Simulate & obtain results of the effects various structural
placements and adjustments have on stability. (Similar
concept to what we are using our Pro E model for but for
aircraft stability)

• Simulate Aircraft Stability (under gusts, manoeuvres, etc.)

• Tune aircraft autopilot servo signal gain values

• Flight and Emergency Situational Training (Ideally with a real-
time link-up to Paparazzi)

Philip Asante

•Orbiter by Dr. Martin Schwieger
•Open source
•Consists of Modules
•Module and Core coding in C++
•Freedom to create variables or functional
relationships
•Intended teaching tool
•Atmsopheric model module took developer 4
months to create.
Newtonian mechanics, rigid body model of
rotation, basic
atmospheric flight model.

Philip Asante

MATLAB
comes into
play here

Philip Asante

 Center of Gravity location (CRITICAL)
 Wetted Reference Area (Wings, Tail, etc. From
mesh)
 CLARK Y Airfoil AOA vs CL curve points (Note:
trade-off between curve resolution and simulator
frame rate)
 Overall coefficient of Drag in XYand Z directions
(From ANSYS CFD results)
 Rotational Inertias for Bank and Pitch (Data
available for calculating this in USAF
 Wing Effectiveness (2.5 for Straight wing, USAF)
 Wing Aspect ratio
 Long list (Will elaborate)

Philip Asante

XBOX 360 Controller

Rudder

Elevator
Throttle

Simulator Pilot HUD
Why an xbox 360 Controller?
- Similar configuration to most model aircraft controls.
-Cheaper than using a Joystick

Philip Asante

MATLAB sports a fantastic
Aerospace block set. This saves
me a lot of time Philip Asante

 Flight Stability & Automatic Control- Robert C
Nelson (Source)
Wing -Lift
Wing –AOA
REF line
Thrust

Drag
Down -Lift
Weight

The beauty of this task is that I’m taking a course on
this very challenge. Doing this is mere coursework
for me. :)

Philip Asante

 Difficult to accurately model catapult launch (Working on a
solution for this and will need catapult impulse )

 Unable to analytically simulate prop induced air flow over
control surfaces.

 Unable to directly simulate motor torque effect on aircraft
stability (Important as this will eventually be required to set
rudder trim and servo K-value when turning against torque)

 Unable to directly simulate the response of aircraft to
camera pan/tilt mechanism inertia.

 Stability of time propagation: numerical accuracy limited by
frame refresh rate (physics engine and graphics subsystem
compete for clock cycles)

Philip Asante

 Use Flight Stability and Automatic control
methods to define and model as many
aerodynamic/stability relationships as
possible.
 Utilize simulink to re-create autopilot
feedback control system (will take parameter
outputs from Orbiter and feed-back desired
control surface responses; could be helpful in
servo selection in terms of torque required
and gain tuning).
 Link the simulator to the

Philip Asante

 All equations used in the model will be
published on Google Docs page for review
and team suggestions after reading week.

Philip Asante

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1. Flight Dynamics & Stability and Control Simulation Philip Asante

2. • Model Aircraft Dynamics • Simulate & obtain results of the effects various structural placements and adjustments have on stability. (Similar concept to what we are using our Pro E model for but for aircraft stability) • Simulate Aircraft Stability (under gusts, manoeuvres, etc.) • Tune aircraft autopilot servo signal gain values • Flight and Emergency Situational Training (Ideally with a real- time link-up to Paparazzi) Philip Asante

3. •Orbiter by Dr. Martin Schwieger •Open source •Consists of Modules •Module and Core coding in C++ •Freedom to create variables or functional relationships •Intended teaching tool •Atmsopheric model module took developer 4 months to create. Newtonian mechanics, rigid body model of rotation, basic atmospheric flight model. Philip Asante

4. MATLAB comes into play here Philip Asante

5.  Center of Gravity location (CRITICAL)  Wetted Reference Area (Wings, Tail, etc. From mesh)  CLARK Y Airfoil AOA vs CL curve points (Note: trade-off between curve resolution and simulator frame rate)  Overall coefficient of Drag in XYand Z directions (From ANSYS CFD results)  Rotational Inertias for Bank and Pitch (Data available for calculating this in USAF  Wing Effectiveness (2.5 for Straight wing, USAF)  Wing Aspect ratio  Long list (Will elaborate) Philip Asante

6. XBOX 360 Controller Rudder Elevator Throttle Simulator Pilot HUD Why an xbox 360 Controller? - Similar configuration to most model aircraft controls. -Cheaper than using a Joystick Philip Asante

7. MATLAB sports a fantastic Aerospace block set. This saves me a lot of time Philip Asante

8.  Flight Stability & Automatic Control- Robert C Nelson (Source) Wing -Lift Wing –AOA REF line Thrust Drag Down -Lift Weight The beauty of this task is that I’m taking a course on this very challenge. Doing this is mere coursework for me. :) Philip Asante

9.  Difficult to accurately model catapult launch (Working on a solution for this and will need catapult impulse )  Unable to analytically simulate prop induced air flow over control surfaces.  Unable to directly simulate motor torque effect on aircraft stability (Important as this will eventually be required to set rudder trim and servo K-value when turning against torque)  Unable to directly simulate the response of aircraft to camera pan/tilt mechanism inertia.  Stability of time propagation: numerical accuracy limited by frame refresh rate (physics engine and graphics subsystem compete for clock cycles) Philip Asante

10.  Use Flight Stability and Automatic control methods to define and model as many aerodynamic/stability relationships as possible.  Utilize simulink to re-create autopilot feedback control system (will take parameter outputs from Orbiter and feed-back desired control surface responses; could be helpful in servo selection in terms of torque required and gain tuning).  Link the simulator to the Philip Asante

11.  Link simulator to paparazzi directly  Model Flight Camera POV’s (Will be influenced by stable flight AOA)  Use simulation to develop flight test procedures  Develop flight and contingency checklist.  Training.  Investigate importing ground photographic texture from google maps (Possible but low priority as it will not be able to imitate our camera, will seriously affect simulator frame rate, the exposure of the camera used to take these photo’s results in blurry images close to the ground)  UAV Texturing (Lowest priority; could be done for sponsors where I would include their logo) Philip Asante

12.  All equations used in the model will be published on Google Docs page for review and team suggestions after reading week. Philip Asante

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