COVERING COMMON BITES AND STINGS

1. BITES & STINGS
DR G SAIKIRAN REDDY,
MD EMERGENCY MEDICINE
CONSULTANT YASHODA HOSPITALS,
SECUNDERABAD

2. Outline……
• INTRODUCTON
• EPIDEMIOLOGY
• TYPES
• INITIAL STEPS
• IDENTIFICATION
• MANAGEMENT
• EXTENSIVE CARE AND MUST ENTITIES

3. Introduction
• Animal bites are a significant cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide.
• Worldwide, up to five million people are bitten by snakes
every year; the majority in Africa and South-East Asia.
• Prompt medical treatment with appropriate anti-venom
is required for poisonous snake bites.
• Dog bites account for tens of millions of injuries
annually; the highest risk is among children.
• Rabies is a significant health concern following dog bites,
cat bites and monkey bites.

4. Epidemiology

5. cntd,…..

6. Types
• In world-
 Mamalian bite- Dog,Cat,Monkey,Human
 Venoumous Snake bites-cobra, krait, pit viper, russels
viper.(india) Coral snake & rattle snake- US
 Arthropod bite- hymenotropha, scorpions, spiders, tarantulas
ticks, caterpillars, centipedes, millipedes, insects.
 Non-snake reptiles- Gila Monster, Komodo Dragon, green
iguana, Snapping turtle.
 Marine bites- Box jellyfish, true jellyfish, portugese man o war,
cone snails,blue octopus , stone fish, sea snake.

7. Care/ treatment
• Identification of victim & assurance
• Assessing the clinical status of the victim, ensure- the
following
Isolation of the victim to the safe place
 Airway,
 Breathing
 Circulation
 PROPER WOUND WASH WITH SOAP & RUNNING
WATER FOR 15 TO 20 MINS.
planning to mobilize the victim to a health care
setup.

8. ED APPROACH
Triaging –
Reassesment & indetail clinical history & events
 Assessing the bite area, remove any rings or watches
or bracelets, compression effect of the affected area.
Immobilization of the limb.
PROPER WOUND WASH
Plan to scrape the stings
Prophylactic antibiotic , based on the animal
antivenom.
PEP- RABIES, TETANUS, HEPATITIS B & C , HIV…..ETC.

10. Mamalian bites
• Two to 4 million cat, dog, and human bites are
reported by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention every year, as well as approximately
300,000 emergency department (ED) visits
secondary to mammalian bites.
• Although dog bites outnumber cat bites, 20% to
80% of cat bites become infected, whereas just
3% to 18% of dog bites will become infected.

11. KEY POINTS OF MAMALIAN

12. QUESTIONS FOR MAMALIAN BITE

13. INFECTIVE PATHOGENS

15. Arthropod bites

19. NON SNAKE REPTILES

20. CROCODILE

21. GILA MONSTER

22. KOMODO DRAGON

23. ACTIONS

24. TECHNIQUE OF ANIMAL REMOVAL

25. MARINE ENVENOMATION

34. STARFISH BITE