This document provides an introduction to bit fields, command line arguments, and enums in the C programming language. It defines bit fields as a data structure that allocates memory to structures and unions in bit form for efficient utilization. Command line arguments refer to arguments passed to the main function, with argc representing the number of arguments and argv being a pointer array to each argument. Enums are enumerated types that consist of integral constants and are used to provide meaningful names to constants to make code more understandable and maintainable. Examples of each concept are provided.

1. PAPER: INTRODUCTION PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE USING C
PAPER ID: 20105
PAPER CODE: BCA 105
DR. VARUN TIWARI
(ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR)
(DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)
BOSCO TECHNICAL TRAINING SOCIETY,
DON BOSCO TECHNICAL SCHOOL, OKHLA ROAD , NEW DELHI

2. BIT FIELD, COMMAND LINE
ARGUMENTS AND ENUM FUNCTION

3. OBJECTIVES
IN THIS CHAPTER YOU WILL LEARN:
1. TO UNDERSTAND ABOUT BIT FIELD IN C.
2. TO LEARN ABOUT COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS IN C.
3. TO LEARN ABOUT ENUM IN C.

4. BIT FIELD: IN C PROGRAMMING BIT FIELD IS A DATA STRUCTURE THAT IS USED TO ALLOCATE MEMORY OF
UNION AND STRUCTURE IN BITS FORM. IT IS USED TO UTILIZE COMPUTER MEMORY IN EFFICIENT MANNER
IN C LANGUAGE. WE CAN SPECIFY SIZE (IN BITS) OF STRUCTURE AND UNION MEMBERS.
A BIT FIELD IS SIMPLY A DATA STRUCTURE THAT HELPS THE USER TO ALLOCATE MEMORY TO STRUCTURES
AND UNIONS.
• USE OF BIT FIELD
• BIT FIELD DECLARATION
• BIT FIELDS WORKING
SYNTAX: DATATYPE VARIABLE NAME : SIZE IN BITS;

5. Example of Bit Field:
#include <stdio.h> struct emp {
int a; int b; float c; } e1;
struct cust{ int a:1; int b:1; // float c:3; float p; }c1;
union teacher { int a:1; int b:2; //float c; }t1;
void main( ) {
clrscr();
printf( "size of structure is= %dn", sizeof(e1));
printf( "size of structure is= %dn", sizeof(c1));
printf("size of union is = %dn",sizeof(t1));
getch();
}

6. ENUM IN C: THE FULL FORM OF ENUM IS ENUMERATED TYPE. IT IS A USER-DEFINED DATA TYPE THAT
CONSISTS OF INTEGRAL CONSTANT. IT IS USED TO PROVIDE MEANINGFUL NAMES TO THESE CONSTANT.
WITH THE HELP OF ENUM C MAKES THE PROGRAM EASY TO UNDERSTAND AND MAINTAIN.
SYNTAX: ENUM ENUMNAME{INTEGER_CONST1, INTEGER_CONST2,.....INTEGTER_CONSTN};
enum month{jan,feb,march,april,may,june,july,august,september,october,november,december};
void main()
{
printf(“n value of march = %d”,march);
getch();
}

7. COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS: SUPPOSE IF YOU PASS ANY ARGUMENTS IN MAIN FUNCTION IN C. THIS
TYPES OF ARGUMENTS ARE CALLED COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS.
THE COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS ARE USED TWO ARGUMENTS UNDER THE MAIN() FUNCTION
1. ARGC REFERS TO THE NUMBER OF ARGUMENTS PASSED,
2. ARGV[] IS A POINTER ARRAY WHICH POINTS TO EACH ARGUMENT PASSED TO THE PROGRAM.

8. #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h>
int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { int i,sum=0,a[5];
clrscr(); argc=5; for(i=0;i<argc;i++) {
printf("n enter any value-:");
scanf("%d",&argv[i]);
printf("n value is = %d",argv[i]);
a[i]=argv[i];
printf("n sum of given array");
sum+=a[i];
printf("n sum of array values-: %d",sum); }
getch(); }

9. THANK YOU