Biomedical Essay: 5 sources minimum.  MLA Format.  Classical Argument 4-5 Typed Pgs., 1500 words min.  Sources Highlighted in accordance with syllabus. Write an essay which supports your position concerning a debatable topic related to any aspect of biomedical phenomena in any social or historical context.  Your essay must demonstrate classical argument form—i.e. include introduction/thesis, arguments, opposing views, refutations, and conclusion. Topics Examples, (Do not use these topics) Create your own. *Bio-Medical Focus: Facts, Ethics, and Corporate/Media Dynamics Airport Searches and Scanners (Rapiscan & radiation) *Vaccines: Pro and Con / Government Reimbursement *GMO foods – Pro and Con *Mental Telepathy *Remote Viewing *Guardasil *Designer Babies *Psychics XXV. MLA FORMAT SUMMARY: A METHOD OF DOCUMENTING SOURCES (See also Guide in Textbook, pgs. 640-655 or https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/ ) (A Complete MLA Format Essay can be viewed at http://www.dianahacker.com/pdfs/hacker-Daly-MLA.pdf ) I IN-TEXT CITATIONS: References in a paragraph to the source material from which research data is taken. *In-Text citations can be in the midst of a sentence itself, or in a parenthetical reference at the end of the sentence. * In-text citations consist of the author’s last name (if available); if not--use title (if available); if not—use website from which the source is taken [in this order]. *If in-text citation lists title or website, short form should be used in in-text citation; and complete form in Works Cited. *List page number—only if it existed in the original source. II. WORKS CITED LIST: A complete list of all source actually USED in the essay. *Includes complete bibliographical information for each source * Sources are listed in alphabetical order * The Works Cited List is a separate page at the end of the essay (See textbook page 662 and examples below. Works Cited List MUST follow these formats) *Internet sources must include the date you looked at the source. *Do not number your Works Cited List III. NOTES 1. ALL OF THESE MUST BE DOCUMENTED IN MLA FORMAT: * Direct Quotes : exact words from the original source --in quotation marks or a long quote format * Paraphrases : ideas taken from the original source, but the wording is changed—no quotation marks. * Summaries: Shortened version of original, but the wording is changed—no quotation marks 2. In a paragraph, the parenthetical reference goes at the end of the sentence BEFORE the period. 3. LONG QUOTES : (Exact words of the original author—which last more than lines. Special rules : a) indent 10 spaces; b) left justify; c) no quote marks; d) the parenthetical reference comes AFTER the period at the end of the long quote. SEE FOLLOWING PAGES FOR EXAMPLES IV. EXAMPLES OF MLA CITATIONS WITH CORRESPONDING WORKS CITED LIST ENTRIES— 1. Direct Quote from Internet Source --with parenthetical in-text citation --note that .

1. Biomedical Essay: 5 sources minimum. MLA Format. Classical
Argument 4-5 Typed Pgs., 1500 words min. Sources
Highlighted in accordance with syllabus. Write an essay which
supports your position concerning a debatable topic related to
any aspect of biomedical phenomena in any social or historical
context. Your essay must demonstrate classical argument
form—i.e. include introduction/thesis, arguments, opposing
views, refutations, and conclusion.
Topics Examples, (Do not use these topics) Create your own.
*Bio-Medical Focus: Facts, Ethics, and Corporate/Media
Dynamics
Airport Searches and Scanners (Rapiscan & radiation)
*Vaccines: Pro and Con / Government Reimbursement
*GMO foods – Pro and Con
*Mental Telepathy
*Remote Viewing
*Guardasil
*Designer Babies
*Psychics
XXV.
MLA FORMAT SUMMARY: A METHOD OF DOCUMENTING
SOURCES
(See also Guide in Textbook, pgs. 640-655 or
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/
)

2. (A Complete MLA Format Essay can be viewed at
http://www.dianahacker.com/pdfs/hacker-Daly-MLA.pdf
)
I IN-TEXT CITATIONS:
References in a paragraph to the source material from which
research data is taken.
*In-Text citations can be in the midst of a sentence itself, or in
a parenthetical reference at the end of the
sentence.
* In-text citations consist of the author’s last name (if
available); if not--use
title (if available); if not—use
website from which the source is taken [in this order].
*If in-text citation lists title or website, short form should be
used in in-text citation; and complete form in
Works Cited.
*List page number—only if it existed in the original source.
II.
WORKS CITED LIST:
A complete list of all source actually USED in the essay.
*Includes complete bibliographical information for each source
* Sources are listed in alphabetical order
* The Works Cited List is a separate page at the end of the
essay (See textbook page 662 and examples below.

3. Works Cited List MUST follow these formats)
*Internet sources must include the date
you
looked at the source.
*Do not number your Works Cited List
III. NOTES
1. ALL OF THESE
MUST
BE DOCUMENTED IN MLA FORMAT:
*
Direct Quotes
: exact words from the original source
--in quotation marks or a long quote format
*
Paraphrases
: ideas taken from the original source, but the wording
is changed—no quotation marks.
*
Summaries:
Shortened version of original, but the wording is changed—no
quotation marks
2. In a paragraph, the parenthetical reference goes at the end of
the sentence BEFORE the period.
3.
LONG QUOTES
: (Exact words of the original author—which last more than
lines.
Special rules
:
a) indent

4. 10 spaces;
b) left justify; c) no quote marks; d) the parenthetical reference
comes AFTER the period at the end of the long
quote.
SEE FOLLOWING PAGES FOR EXAMPLES
IV. EXAMPLES OF MLA CITATIONS WITH
CORRESPONDING
WORKS CITED
LIST ENTRIES—
1. Direct Quote from Internet Source
--with parenthetical in-text citation
--note that period comes
after
the parentheses of the in-text citation
Teenagers who grew up in the late 1970’s and the early 80’s
saw a marked change in popular music, which transitioned from
a focus on a guitar-laden heavy metal sound to other new forms.
The first reaction to hard rock came in the form of
punk rock
, which ultimately led to other musical types.
One such form,
ska
, was epitomized by the band,
The English Beat.
“Punk gave way to the two-tone ska which gave rise to groups
like
Madness

5. and, ultimately,
the Beat
”
(Nimmervoll).
After the demise of
The English Beat
, some of its members formed a new band,
Fine Young Cannibals.
Works Cited
Nimmervoll, Ed. “Fine Young Cannibals.”
Allmusic.com.
Allmusic, n.d. Web. 21 Aug. 2013.
è
Note the following concerning the format for a work cited only
on the web:
1)
The title of the website is italicized.
2)
List the publisher (or “N.p” if no publisher is available.)
3)
List the date of publication (or “n.d.” if no date is available).
4)
List the “medium” of publication: “Web.”
5)
List the date of web access (the date
you
accessed the information on the web).

6. è
Each of the above is followed by a period--except the publisher,
which is followed by a comma.
è
Note that the title of a short work, such as an internet article, is
in quotation marks.
_____________________________________________________
________________________________
2.
Paraphrase from Book
Public endorsement of wars varies. World War II marked the
last war that received full American support. The draft, known
today as compulsory conscription, was an integral part of that
war. Seventy percent of American men aged 18 to 35 served.
The common experience shared amongst these men created
lifetime friendships for an entire generation. As a prominent
writer indicates, no other conflict since then has come close to
producing such national unification and pride of citizenry
(Moskos 345). World War II is renowned for patriotic support.
Works Cited
Moskos, Charles C.
A Call to Civic Service: National Service for Country and
Community.
New York:
The Free Press, 1988. Print.
à
Note that the title of a work published separately, such as a
book, is in italics.
3. Long Quote
--From article in print
--Parenthetical reference comes
after
period in long quote.

7. --Note that since the authors are listed in the sentence, only the
page number is required in
parentheses.
--Note that this paragraph includes a paraphrase in the main
paragraph, followed by the long
quote, and both are highlighted in accordance with rules for the
course.
--Sample Below Adapted from
http://www.dianahacker.com/pdfs/hacker-daly-mla.pdf
Scientific research confirms the dangers of using phones while
on the road.
In 1997, an important study appeared in the
New England Journal of Medicine
.
699 volunteers made their cell phone bills available in order to
confirm the times when they had placed calls. The participants
agreed to report any nonfatal collision in which they were
involved. By comparing the time of a collision with the phone
records, the researchers assessed the dangers of driving while
phoning (Redelmeier 455). The results are unsettling:
Using a cellular telephone was associated with a risk of having
a motor vehicle

8. collision that was about four times as high as that among the
same drivers when
they were not using their cellular telephones.
This
relative risk is similar to the
hazard associated with driving with a blood alcohol level at the
legal
limit.
(Redelmeier 456)
Works Cited
Redelmeier, Donald A.
“Association Between Cellular-Telephone Calls and Motor
Vehicle Collisions.”
New

9. England Journal of Medicine
336.7 (1997): 453-58. Print.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________
4.
YOUTUBE
CITATION
-- In-Text and Works Cited List cite video by NAME OF
POSTER to
Youtube
.
Example:
Clint Eastwood is a “nuts and bolts director” (kermodeandmayo)
whose films are often heavily plot-driven, perhaps at the
expense of psychological depth .
Works Cited
Kermodeandmayo. “Changeling Reviews by mark Kermode –
BBC Radio 5 Live.”
Youtube.com.
Youtube, 28
Nov. 2008. Web. 15 May 2013.
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10. XXVI.
DIAGRAM OF BASIC ESSAY STRUCTURE (Note “Hour-
Glass” Form)
INTRODUCTION :
Opening sentence
: Get the reader’s attention with an interesting statement,
question,
or Anecdote (short account of an event)—This opening is called
the “
HOOK”
Narrow down towards a
THESIS.
A thesis is a Statement at the end of your
opening paragraph
that states the main idea of your essay.
Thesis could be a
summary of your topic.
Or list TOPIC + Orientation
Thesis is usually the last sentence in the first paragraph

11. Thesis may involve “essay map”—a preview of the main
Points/sections of the essay, in the order they appear.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.

12. BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:

13. Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
BODY PARAGRAPH
Supports the thesis.
Facts, Details, Analyses, Examples, Evidence
Body paragraphs are in standard form:
Topic sentence/Supporting sentences.
CONCLUSION
(Sums up the major points in your essay)
è
At beginning, restate your thesis
in different words
è
At end, expand, finalize, or
conclude your topic in a suitable way
This may include a final reflection, a final perception, or a call
to action