Biology ch10 evolution

• Mr. Estrella
• mrestrella.com
• Email: restrell@lausd.net
Biology Preassessment
1. Why were Linneaus, Buffon, Lamarck and E. Darwin
important people?
2. Who was Charles Darwin?
3. How does evolution basically work?
4. Write 5 things you remember about evolution.

• Mr. Estrella
• mrestrella.com
• Email: restrell@lausd.net
• Mr. Espat
• Email: espatmark@gmail.com
Biology Preassessment
1. Why were Linneaus, Buffon, Lamarck and E. Darwin
important people?
2. Who was Charles Darwin?
3. How does evolution basically work?
4. Write 5 things you remember about evolution.

KEY CONCEPT
There were theories of biological and
geologic change before Charles
Darwin.
10.1 Evolution

I love biology
Every thing on your body has
or had a purpose!

HW: Title: CW: Pages 298-301 5 Facts/Page
Stop whining!
10.1 Evolution

Early scientists proposed ideas about evolution.
 Biological Evolution: the process
through which species change
over time.
 Species: a group of organisms that naturally
reproduce and have fertile offspring.
10.1 Evolution
Tion
Mule
Thinking in Biology
1. Do all species change?
2. OMG, are we changing?!
3. If so, what will we look like in
the future?

Early Scientists who influenced theory of evolution
• Linnaeus 1700s: a classification of organisms
based on similarities,
• he believed species could change over time.
• he believed that new species could come to be
from hybridization.
• hybridization means crossing (mixing)
• He observed that different plants could
cross and make a new species.
• Buffon 1700s:
 species shared ancestors rather than
arising separately
•due to geologic evidence he believed the
Earth was older than 6,000 yrs. old
10.1 Evolution

Early Scientist who influenced theory of evolution
• E. Darwin 1731:
– proposed that all living things came from
one common ancestor
more-complex forms developed from
less-complex forms
– saw competition as a cause of evolution
• Lamarck 1809:
– all things evolve toward perfection and
complexity.
environmental change leads to use or
disuse of a structure
believed in inheritance of acquired
characteristics
10.1 Evolution

4. What is the common idea these four
scientists share?
10.1 Evolution
Linnaeus Buffon E. Darwin Lamarck

Comparing Lamarck and Darwin
10.1 Evolution

10.1 Part-1 Study Guide Review
1. What is the contribution of Linnaeus?
2. Buffon
3. E. Darwin
4. Lamarck
5. What two conditions must be true for a group of animals
to be considered the same species?
6. What was incorrect about Lamarck’s theory of how
organisms evolve?
7. In the 1700s, most people believed that species were
fixed and did not change. How did plant hybridization –
a type of crossing that could be observed help change
this view.
10.1 Evolution

Apply
• The Padaungtribe of Burmaconsidereda longneck beautiful. Thiswomanused
metal rings to stretchher neck over her lifetime.
5. Do you think her children will be born with longer
necks? Why?
Karen Tribe
Can you think of other
examples?
10.1 Evolution

Theories of geologic change set the stage for Charles
Darwin’s Theory
A company has been digging a new oil
well near the ocean. They have
found these bones. They have
hired you to explain what this
means. (wow, a job!)
6. Which layer do you think is oldest?
Why?
7. Which fossils are oldest? Why?
8. Develop a theory (an idea based on
facts) to explain the fossils of the
animals found that do not exist
anymore.
10.1 Evolution

Theories of geologic change set the stage for Charles
Darwin’s Theory
• There was debate about how old the Earth was and
whether it could change!
• Zoologist Cuvier believed that
organisms did not change, but
could go extinct.
• He observed as evidence that
each layer of rock had different
fossils in it.
Encino Man pt 2
Encino Man pt3
10.1 Evolution

Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s
theory.
• Observations like Cuvier’s needed explanations so
theories developed for geologic change.
– gradualism
– uniformitarianism
–catastrophism
10.1 Evolution

Catastrophism (Cuvier)
• Catastrophe means
sudden disaster.
 Sudden natural disasters
such as floods and volcanic
eruptions shaped
landforms and caused
species to become extinct.
What do you think
happened to the animals?
Where do you think the
new animals came from?
10.1 Evolution

Gradualism (Hutton)
• Gradual means moving or
changing slowly
 Landforms were shaped by
very slow changes over a
long periods of time, and
not by natural disasters.
Can you think of examples
of landforms that would be
created by slow step by
step changes?
10.1 Evolution

• Uniform means always
staying the same.
 The same processes that
shaped landforms in the
past also shape landforms
today.
• The processes are the
same = uniform.
What do you think those
processes are?
Each layer of
rock was
formed by
the uniform
laying down
of sediment
that still
occurs today
Scientists now believe the Earth is 4.55 billion years old
Uniformitarianism (Lyell)
10.1 Evolution

• Uniformitarianism is the prevailing theory of
geologic change.
The Grand Canyon How It Formed
10.1 Evolution

Plate Tectonics & Continental Drift
10.1 Evolution

Can you think of any constant changes near you?
How fast is are the
plates moving in
California?
1 inch a year!!!
Hidden Fury 04
Hidden Fury
Complete
San Andreas Fault
10.1 Evolution

San Andreas Fault
10.1 Evolution

• Thanks to a remarkable
complete fossil record of the
evolution of the horse,
scientists can chart its gradual
change into the ancestor of
today's native breeds
10.1 Evolution

Thanks to a remarkable complete fossil record of the evolution of the horse,
scientists can chart its gradual change into the ancestor of today's native breeds
Isn't Evolution Just a Theory?
10.1 Evolution

Vocabulary
1. Geology
2. Geologic change
3. Fertile
4. Offspring
5. Species
6. biological change?
CW:Reader: Read Pgs. 164-165 and do P.166 # 1-5
Study Guide page 99-100 # 1-16
Staple Reader on top of vocabulary.HW: 10.2 P.302-303 5 Facts/Page
10.1 Evolution

10.1 Study Guide Review #2
1. Catastrophism
2. Gradualism
3. Uniformitarianism
4. Fossils
5. Evolution
Use these names (Linnaeus / Lamarck / Buffon / Darwin)
to answer the following:
6. Who is Charles Darwin’s grandfather?
7. Thought that giraffe’s long neck evolved from reaching
high in trees.
8. Grouped living organisms into categories based on what
they looked like.
9. What geologic theory can be summarized by the phrase
“the present is the key to the past”?
10.1 Evolution

HW: Read P.302-303 5 Facts/Page
“Quiz is next
people!”
10.1 Evolution

Charles Darwin
Got my 10.2
P. 302-303 5
Facts/Page
homework?
10.2 Evolution

Activating Prior Knowledge Animal Observation
In your table team, describe on
a sheet of paper:
what this could be? talk about
size, color, number, shape of
things.
Based on your observations,
predict:
what do you think its traits are
good for? where do you think it
lives? how does it move? what
do you think it eats?
10.2 Evolution

Activating Prior Knowledge
Tapeworm in Colonoscopy
10.2 Evolution

Activating Prior Knowledge
Sean Anemone Eating
Venus Flytrap
10.2 Evolution

10.2 Objectives
• Describe how Darwin arrived at his idea about species
variation.
10.2 Evolution
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin – the
original one

Charles Darwin travelled from 1831-1836 to various
places including the Galapagos Islands off of Ecuador.
10.2 Evolution

Darwin observed differences among island species.
10.2 Evolution

Variation: the difference in the physical traits
among individuals
Interspecific variation: is variation among members of
different species
10.2 Evolution

intraspecific variation: is variation among members of
the same species
10.2 Evolution

Domed Tortoise Saddle-backed
Tortoise
What type of environment do you think the saddle back tortoise
would live in?
Observe the two tortoises pictured. What are the variations between
the individuals?
What type of environment do you think the domed tortoise would
live in?
10.2 Evolution

• Domed Tortoises have short legs and necks and live in
areas with short plants and moss
• Saddle-backed Tortoises have long legs and necks and
live in areas with tall plants
Domed Tortoise Saddle-backed
Tortoise
10.2 Evolution

Darwin observed differences among island species
Based on your observations, what type of food do
you think each would eat?
Observe the two Finches pictured. What are the
variations between the individuals?
Finches
What type of environment do you think each would
live in?
10.2 Evolution

Darwin observed differences among island species
– Finches had different kinds of beaks in areas with
different kinds of food.
– Galápagos finches that had large strong beaks live in areas
with hard-shelled nuts.
– Galápagos finches that had small beaks lived in areas
where fruits were available.
10.2 Evolution

• An adaptation is a trait that allows an organism to better
survive in its environment.
– Species are able to adapt to their
environment.
– Adaptations can lead to genetic
change in a population.
10.2 Evolution

California Finches
• You may see these
around L.A. Get a bird-
feeder with sunflowers
or regular bird seeds
from pet shops or home
depot and such.
House Finch
Purple Finch
American
Goldfinch
Lesser
Goldfinch
10.2 Evolution

1. Interspecific
2. Intraspecific
3. Adaptation
4. What island chain in S. America was the source of
many of Darwin’s insights?
5. Darwin saw various species that seemed well-suited to
their environment. What did this suggest?
6. Draw the beak of a meat eater.
10.2 Evolution

• Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that resemble
modern animals.
• This suggested that modern animals are related to fossil
forms.
Darwin observed fossil and geologic evidence supporting
an ancient Earth.
GLYPTODON ARMADILLO
This is important because in order for such changes to
occur, the Earth must be older than 6,000 years old!
10.2 Evolution

Darwin observed fossil and geologic evidence supporting
an ancient Earth.
• Darwin found fossil
shells high up in
the Andes
mountains
Plate tectonics and
fossils
10.2 Evolution

• He saw land move
from underwater to
above sea level
due to an
earthquake.
Kilauea Volcano
Eruption
10.2 Evolution

• Darwin realized that
small gradual
processes add up to
big change over
time.
• Darwin extended
his observations of
slow gradual change
to the evolution of
organisms.
10.2 Evolution

Charles Darwin Published a book on his
thoughts.
Who Was Charles
Darwin?
10.2 Evolution

CW # 23 Vocabulary
• Make a KWL, I know it, I sort of know it, IDK it
1. Darwin
2. evolution
3. species
4. extinct
5. fossil
6. catastrophism
7. gradualism
8. uniformitarianism
9. hybridization
10.descendants
11.ancestors
12.phenotype
13.mutation
14.modification
15.variation
16.beneficial
17.adaptation
18.heritability
19.population
20.competition
21.fitness
22.natural selection
Know / Sort of / IDK
10.2 Evolution

1. Explain what plate tectonics is and why the continents
look like puzzle pieces that can fit together.
2. Darwin observed fossils of huge animals such as
Glyptodon, a giant armadillo. Why were these fossils
of interest to him?
3. What is a feature that allows an organism to better
survive in its environment?
4. One bird in a population has a slightly thicker beak
than its relatives. This thicker beak is an example of
what in the population, variation or adaptation?
5. One student has bigger ears than most, is this
variation or an adaptation? Why?
10.2 Evolution

Team Talk:
Reader 10.2 P.168
Write your answers.
HW: Read Section 10.3 P.304-
309 5 Facts/Page
Whole Class Discussion
Reader page 168
What is one example of evidence
from Darwin’s travels that support
an ancient Earth?
The Lakers and
this class have
a quiz next!
10.2 Evolution

KEY CONCEPT
Darwin proposed natural selection as a
mechanism for evolution.
What is a
mechanism?
a process
(something)
that makes it
happen.
10.3 Evolution

Several key insights led to Darwin’s idea for natural
selection.
• Darwin noticed domesticated plants and animals
had more variation than those in the wild.
 Artificial selection is the process by which
humans change a species by breeding for a
specific trait.
• Darwin decided to observe the breeding of
pigeons
neck feathers
crop
tail feathers
10.3 Evolution

 Heritability is the ability of a trait to be passed down
from one generation to the next.
• In order for artificial or natural selection to happen the
advantageous trait must be heritable.
What!?
10.3 Evolution

selection.
 Artificial selection
or Selective
Breeding
humans decide
what traits are
favorable and then
breed those animals.
10.3 Evolution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?t
ime_continue=2&v=ad4yB63tryI
https://www.facebook.com/dw.stories/videos/
328095811065229/

selection.
Imagine the dark circles
are cows that produce the
most milk.
Milking Cows
10.3 Evolution

selection.
10.3 Evolution

Artificial Selection
Holy Cow
Holy Cow-
Short Beef
10.3 Evolution

Artificial selection or Selective Breeding Dog example
Pedigree Dogs
10.3 Evolution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=kWUA7CLmJ9Y

• Darwin used his observations of artificial selection to
develop his theory of natural selection.
 Natural selection is a mechanism by which individuals
that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more
offspring on average than do other individuals.
What is the selective agent?
• Nature selects characteristics that give advantages in the
environment right now.
What happens if the
environment
changes?
10.3 Evolution

• Darwin took some more ideas from
Thomas Malthus
• He proposed that resources such as
food, water and shelter limited
population growth, so he called them
Limiting Resources
Adaptations
10.3 Evolution

10.3 Learning Target Review
1. Provide evidence that biological
evolution can occur. (x2 points)
2. What is natural selection?
3. What is artificial selection?
4. Explain how humans forced cows to
evolve into producing lots of milk?
5. How can nature change a rabbit
population’s color from white fur to
brown fur?
6. What are some limiting resources
that lower a population?
7. Why must selected traits be
heritable?

 There is a struggle for survival due to overpopulation
and limited resources.
• Darwin found the answer in variation!
• Some individuals had variations that matched the
environment, he called them….
Why do some individuals survive and reproduce
and others die?
Adaptations
10.3 Evolution

four main principles to the theory of natural selection.
1. overproduction
Natural selection explains how evolution can occur.
2. variation
3. adaptation
4. descent with modification
10.3 Evolution

1. overproduction: organisms have more offspring than
the environment can support, this results in competition
for resources.
10.3 Evolution

2. variation: The differences come from differences in the
genetic material of the individuals whether inherited from
the parent or resulting from a genetic mutation.
10.3 Evolution

3. adaptation: some individuals have certain variations that allow
them to survive better than other individuals in their environment.
These individuals are “naturally selected” to live longer and
produce more offspring that also have those adaptations.
10.3 Evolution

4. descent with modification: over time, natural selection will
result in species with adaptations that are beneficial for survival
and reproduction in a particular environment. More individuals
will have the trait in every following generation, as long as the
environment does not change.
DESCENT with
MODIFICATION
10.3 Evolution

10.3 Evolution
Natural Selection Video

• Fitness is the
measure of survival
ability and ability to
produce more
offspring in relation
to other members of
the population in a
specific environment
•Instant Replay:
–What is the difference between the biological term
fitness and the common meaning of the word?
10.3 Evolution

• Natural selection CANNOT make new alleles!
– new alleles come from….
Natural selection acts on existing variation.
mutations!
• Natural selection acts on the phenotype, or the physical
trait, not the genetic material!
• Natural selection can act only on traits that already exist.
What is the
variation that
existed in the hare
example?
Fur color
10.3 Evolution

• As the environment changes, variations that already exist
in the population become beneficial to survival.
• Because the environment constantly changes, a trait that
is an advantage today may be a disadvantage in the
future.
Changing Environments
How did the
variation of fur
color affect the
hares?
10.3 Evolution

• As the environment changes, variations that already exist
in the population become beneficial to survival.
• Because the environment constantly changes, a trait that
is an advantage today may be a disadvantage in the
future.
Changing Environments – can reduce population
10.3 Evolution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JhaVNJb3ag
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?time_continue=9&v=MAaK
SHB22vU

• Structures can take on new functions in addition to their
original function.
• Panda’s have five fingers and no thumb, how can they
hold their bamboo?
• A wrist bone that sticks out functions like a thumb.
Adaptations as Compromise.
wrist bone
five digits
10.3 Evolution

Evolution
3/7 How Do We Know Evolution Happens
10.3 Evolution

1. A family member knows you are studying biology and wants
you to explain how natural selection is the way that evolution
happens. List and explain the four required factors that drive
natural selection to your family member.
2. Explain to your family member how natural selection can lead
to adaptations in a population. For example, how can a
population of rabbits become white like the snow?
3. How can changes in the environment increase the number of
individuals in a species or make a species go extinct?
4. ____ is a structure well-suited for the environment.
5. Humans are the selective agent in which type of process,
artificial selection or natural selection?

Team Talk and Share
In your teams answer questions 13-19 on page
104 of study guide.
At the end of class turn in
Reader 10.3. P.172
The Quiz is Next!
HW: 10.4 P.310-314
5 Facts/Page
10.3 Evolution

KEY CONCEPT
Evidence of common ancestry among
species comes from many sources.
• Fossils
• Biogeography
• Embryology
• Anatomy
Evidence in
Darwin’s time.
Collect HW:
10.4 P.310-314 5 Facts/Pg.
10.4 Evolution

Review 10.3
1. What are the four main
principles to the theory of
natural selection?
2. What is the difference between
artificial and natural
selection?
3. Why might a trait that is an
advantage today become a
disadvantage in the future?
4/7 How Does
Evolution Really
Work
10.4 Evolution

• Fossils provide evidence of evolution.
 Fossils in older layers (bottom layers) are more
primitive than those in the upper layers.
Trilobite
• Findings in the
fossil record support
Darwin’s idea of
descent with
modification.
• The gradual
changes in the
organisms could be
seen in the fossils.
10.4 Evolution

• The study of geography provides evidence of evolution.
– Darwin observed that island species most closely
resemble nearest mainland species
– populations can show variation from one island to
another
10.4 Evolution

• biogeography provides evidence of evolution.
 Different ecosystems favor different traits and can establish
separate populations that have a common ancestor.
–biogeography is the study of the distribution of
organisms around the world.
10.4 Evolution

• Embryology provides evidence of evolution.
Larva
Adult barnacleAdult crab
– identical larvae, different adult body forms
– similar embryos, diverse organisms
10.4 Evolution

 Embryos of different organisms that develop similarly
provide evidence of a distant common ancestor
10.4 Evolution

• The study of anatomy provides evidence of evolution.
Homologous structures are similar in structure but different
in function.
Homologous structures are evidence of a common ancestor.
– It would be unlikely for organisms to develop such similar
structures independently
Human hand
Mole foot Bat wing
What body part of a dolphin is homologous to the structures shown?
10.4 Evolution

Human hand
Bat wing
Mole foot
Fly wing
– Analogous structures are not evidence of a common
ancestor.
Analogous structures have a similar function but
different structure.
Notice that flies and bats both have wings to fly, but the
structure of the wings are different. Bats wings have bones, flies
do not. Bats and insects evolved similar functions separately.
10.4 Evolution

Team Talk and Share
In your teams talk about 10.4 questions 1- 4 on
page 105 of study guide.
Write your answers, be prepared to share with
the class!
10.4 Evolution

• Some organisms have structures or organs that are no
longer useful.
 Vestigial structures are remnants of organs or structures
that had a function in an early ancestor.
• Ostrich wings are examples of vestigial structures.
Structural patterns are clues to the history of a species.
10.4 Evolution

• Whales and snakes
have tiny pelvic
bones
•Why do you think
biologists consider
vestigial structures
among the most
important pieces of
evidence for
evolution?
•What do you think
the presence of
these structures
suggests?
Examples of Vestigial Structures
10.4 Evolution

Evolution of the Whale
5/7 Did Humans Evolve
10.4 Evolution

Team Talk and Share
Reader 10.4 P.175 #1-6
Study Guide page 105-106, #
5-13
Write your answers, be
prepared to share with the
class!
HW: 10.5 Pages 316-319 5
Facts/Page
Oh God, the quiz
is next!!!
10.4 Evolution

Study Guide Review 10.4
1. One of your parents wants to know what evidence exists for
evolution. Provide four sources of evidence and explain
them each a little.
2. Give three examples of vestigial structures.
3. Many whales have vestigial pelvic and leg bones. What
does this suggest about the ancestry of whales?
4. What is an analogous structure?
5. What is a homologous structure?
6. Give two examples of each:
A. Fossils
B. Geography
C. Embryology
D. Anatomy
10.4 Evolution

KEY CONCEPT
New technology is furthering our
understanding of evolution.
New Technologies
•Genetics
•Molecular
Biology
10.5 Evolution

Objectives
• Learn more about different types of evidence that support
evolution
• Learn about the importance of evolution in unifying all
branches of biological study
• In this section, the work of Darwin and Mendel will come
together
10.5 Evolution

Popcorn Reading 10.5
• Reader 10.5 page 176
• Fossils Provide a Record of Evolution
• we will take turns reading each paragraph
• highlight vocabulary as we go.
• ask questions about something you don’t understand.
10.5 Evolution

Fossils provide a record of evolution.
• Paleontology is the study of fossils or extinct organisms.
• The fossil record
is not complete
• Most organisms
do not form fossils
after they die.
• Fossils only form
under particular
conditions.
• There is currently
no fossil evidence
that does not
support evolution.
Basiliosaurus isis, 40 million years ago,
found in the desert, has characteristics
of both land and sea animals
10.5 Evolution

• transitional fossils: are fossils that show the gradual change.
They are sometimes called missing links.
Actually, all
organisms are
transitional,
why do you
think this is
true?
Many of the gaps in the
fossil record are being
filled in because of
paleontology.
10.5 Evolution

Whole Group Discussion CW # 29
Reader Instant Replay 10.5 (pg 176):
What is a transitional fossil?
Reader Vocabulary Check 10.5 (pg 178):
1. What is paleontology?
Reader Big Picture 10.5 (pg 178):
2. Why are transitional fossils important information for
tracing the course of evolution?
10.5 Evolution

Team Talk and Share
Study Guide 10.5 page 107, # 1-3
the class!
10.5 Evolution

Popcorn Reading 10.5
• Molecular and Genetic Evidence Support Fossil and
Anatomical Evidence
10.5 Evolution

Molecular and genetic evidence support fossil and
anatomical evidence of evolution.
• All living things have DNA
• They share the same genetic code
• They use the same 20 amino acids to make proteins
• DNA or protein sequences can be use to show evolutionary
relationships. Mitochondrial
DNA
comparisons
provide the most
evidence. It
doesn’t go
through
crossover!
10.5 Evolution

DNA sequence analysis
• DNA contains a huge amount of evolutionary history
• Two closely-related organisms will have similar DNA
sequences.
10.5 Evolution

• Pseudogenes are DNA sequences providing
evidence of evolution
– Like vestigial structures, (no longer function) are
carried along with functional DNA
– Can be clues to a common ancestor
– function genes are similar in organism that have similar
lifestyles. (Why?)
– similarities in pseudogenes are remnants of a common
ancestor
Pseudogenes
10.5 Evolution

• Hox genes indicate a
very distant common
ancestor.
– control the early
development of specific
structures pattern in
embryos
– Head-to-tail
– found in many organisms
Homeobox Genes: large
groups of similar genes that
direct the formation of many
body structures during early
development.
10.5 Evolution

• Protein comparisons, or molecular fingerprinting reveals
similarities among cell types of different organisms.
• Unique proteins are found in specific cells, ex liver or
muscle cells
Protein Comparisons
•What do the
same cells in
different
organisms
suggest?
Eye spots of
this worm
have light
sensitive cells
with a
molecular
fingerprint
similar to
eyes in
vertebrates.
10.5 Evolution

6/7 Why Does Evolution Matter Now
10.5 Evolution

Whole Group Discussion
Reader Instant Replay 10.5 (pg 177):
How does genetic evidence give information about
evolutionary relationships?
Reader Big Picture 10.5 (pg 178):
3. Lets look at the chart and see which two organisms are
most closely related
Organism A TCAGGAACTA
Organism B ACAGGAAGTA
Organism C TGTAAGTATA
Organism A TCAGGAACTA
Organism B ACAGGAAGTA
Organism C TGTAAGTATA
10.5 Evolution

Team Talk and Share
the class!
1. DNA Sequence Analysis: The more related two organisms are,
the more similar their DNA will be.
2. pseudogenes: no longer function but are still carried along with
functional DNA, like a vestigial structure, they provide evidence
for a common ancestor
3. Homeobox genes: control the development of a specific
structure. Indicates a very distant common ancestor.
4. Protein comparisons: comparing proteins in cells, called
molecular fingerprinting, similarities of proteins can indicate a
common ancestor.
10.5 Evolution

Putting it all together, Evolution of the Whale
How do we know whales are related to ungulates (like
horses)?
10.5 Evolution

Whales are divided into two groups: tooth whales, such
as orcas and baleen whales such as the humpbacked.
Which would you predict is most closely related to
Dorudon?
10.5 Evolution

Evidence of Evolution Summary
1. Fossils – show us how we’ve changed over time
2. Anatomy (the insides of animals for example, like the
appendix, wisdom teeth
3. Embyology – for ex. Human and pigs have a tail during
the embryo stage
4. Genetic – looking at how many of the same genes we
still share with other animals. Ex. We have 98% of the
same genes as chimpanzees. Hox genes.

• The theory of natural selection combined with genetics is
called the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory.
• Modern tools from different fields are adding to what we
know from the fossil record, and confirm what people
thought.
Evolution unites all fields of biology.
10.5 Evolution

• Scientist from any fields contribute to the understanding
of evolution.
• The basic principles of evolution are used in many
scientific fields.
Evolution unites all fields of biology.
7/7 Why is Evolution
Controversial
10.5 Evolution

• P.179 #1-7.
HW: Chapter 10 - 3 Multiple Choice
Questions per section
10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5 = 15
Test on ?
10.5 Evolution

Chapter 10 Text Book Review
• HW: write an essay titled “Evolution”. Explain
why it is widely regarded as fact now.
– Intro.
– Body (1 paragraph per reason you want to
make) =3 minimum reasons. Include how it
works, natural selection, and some evidence.
– Conclusion
10.5 Evolution

Chapter 10 Text Book Review
• P. 323 # 8,9,10,11,12, 13, 16, 17,
10.5 Evolution

10.5 Evolution
Learning Targets on Evolution Review
1. What is some observable evidence to support evolution? (things
that can be seen) List at least five things. x2
2. Give an example of an animal that natural selection has changed
and explain how it changed.
3. How is natural selection different from artificial selection?
4. Evolution happens because of natural selection. What are the four
factors that make natural selection happen? Explain each one in
teen language! Use bullet points for each one x3
5. How is natural selection related to adaptation of a population of
rabbits? x2
6. What are two outcomes to a population of
rabbits if the environment changes? Explain – x2
7. Explain why Africa and South America
share some of the same fossils. – x2

The chapter test is
next!!!
10.5 Evolution

Biology ch10 evolution

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