This document discusses challenges in clustering and visualizing geospatial data. It notes that geospatial data has special characteristics that pose challenges, such as visualizing clusters in both geographic and feature spaces, handling relationships and boundaries at different scales, and the high dimensionality and volume of geospatial data sets. It also discusses representing similarities between georeferenced sites in both geographic space, concerned with surface features, and feature space, concerned with multidimensional similarities. Representing clusters found in feature space onto a 2D map is challenging as the clusters may not match geographic space clusters.
Using Evidence-Based Kernels: The DNA for Prevention, Intervention & Treatment
1. Kernels are the smallest units of scientifically proven behavioral influence that produce quick, measurable changes and can be combined to create larger programs. 2. The document discusses four types of kernels - antecedent, reinforcement, physiological, and relational frames - and provides 52 examples of kernels. 3. Kernels can address social issues without stigma and be spread through word-of-mouth or modeling to create positive behavioral changes.
“I’m here to help you “I think it’s important to have
learn, not to do it for you.” support there if you need it.”
Provide opportunities for “I think it’s important to have
autonomy but also support. structure and deadlines.”
Scaffold autonomy development “I think it’s important to have
clear guidelines.”
Encourage questioning and “I think it’s important to have
reflection feedback.”
Developing autonomy through
curriculum design
Scaffolding autonomy through levels
Providing choice within structure
Encouraging ownership of learning
In this class we explore social capital as the umbrella term we use to value a complex set of inner quadrant qualities such as creativity, innovation, social skills, connectivity, emotional intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, cultural awareness, etc., all of which have a critical part to play in re-designing any technology & therefore society as a whole. "Sustainable Development" has been criticized as a term for being inherently contradictory, but when all quadrants are taken into account, we can see that a major growth in the interior quadrants (personal development & culture) will probably be key in achieving any significant reduction in physical consumption or material growth, so 'sustainable development' is far from contradictory as a term. So how do we design for increasing and improving social capital?
This document outlines a vision for Cultural Engines, which are described as empowering communities through cultivating local leadership, accessing community gifts, and driving cultural paradigm shifts. Themes of the program include practices like permaculture, co-creation, and following one's heart. Goals are to feel love and nourishment in the work, grow a culture of regeneration, and affirm life. The program will run from June to November and teach skills like gardening, cooking, and event production. Participants will help establish a food system and community kitchen, create celebration events, and emerge as inspired community leaders and social entrepreneurs.
Thinking, Creativity, Decision Making and OpportunityMurray Hunter
Thinking, creativity & decision making - slide showing how our cognitive system works, how we make decisions, and the concept and elements of creativity - with a focus on entreprenurial opportunity
Expoiting Cognitive Biais - Creating UX for the Irrational Human MindYu Centrik
The document discusses how cognitive biases can be used to create more effective user experiences. It argues that while computers are strictly logical, human minds are irrational, subjective, and prone to cognitive biases. To design for humans, user-facing elements need a psychological approach that accounts for how people actually think, feel, and make decisions based on both logic and a variety of non-logical factors. Understanding cognitive biases can help predict human irrationality and apply specific biases to improve the user experience.
This document outlines a 5-session, 45-minute cycle for 18 pupils in the 2nd level focusing on materials, inventions, and the senses. The objectives are to identify common materials and properties, differentiate discoveries from inventions, and recognize how inventions have improved lives. Language objectives include describing materials and properties, giving reasons using "because", using present and past tenses, and answering who, what, where questions. The content will cover materials like metal, wood, and their properties, as well as floating and sinking.
Connie Duque has over 15 years of experience in marketing and product management. She has worked for several companies in roles such as Product Development Manager, Brand Manager, and Marketing Manager. Notable accomplishments include developing a new category of water filtration products that generated $20 million in revenue, expanding product lines, and centralizing brand messaging. In her spare time, she enjoys yoga, pilates, and running.
Using Evidence-Based Kernels: The DNA for Prevention, Intervention & Treatment
1. Kernels are the smallest units of scientifically proven behavioral influence that produce quick, measurable changes and can be combined to create larger programs. 2. The document discusses four types of kernels - antecedent, reinforcement, physiological, and relational frames - and provides 52 examples of kernels. 3. Kernels can address social issues without stigma and be spread through word-of-mouth or modeling to create positive behavioral changes.
“I’m here to help you “I think it’s important to have
learn, not to do it for you.” support there if you need it.”
Provide opportunities for “I think it’s important to have
autonomy but also support. structure and deadlines.”
Scaffold autonomy development “I think it’s important to have
clear guidelines.”
Encourage questioning and “I think it’s important to have
reflection feedback.”
Developing autonomy through
curriculum design
Scaffolding autonomy through levels
Providing choice within structure
Encouraging ownership of learning
In this class we explore social capital as the umbrella term we use to value a complex set of inner quadrant qualities such as creativity, innovation, social skills, connectivity, emotional intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, cultural awareness, etc., all of which have a critical part to play in re-designing any technology & therefore society as a whole. "Sustainable Development" has been criticized as a term for being inherently contradictory, but when all quadrants are taken into account, we can see that a major growth in the interior quadrants (personal development & culture) will probably be key in achieving any significant reduction in physical consumption or material growth, so 'sustainable development' is far from contradictory as a term. So how do we design for increasing and improving social capital?
This document outlines a vision for Cultural Engines, which are described as empowering communities through cultivating local leadership, accessing community gifts, and driving cultural paradigm shifts. Themes of the program include practices like permaculture, co-creation, and following one's heart. Goals are to feel love and nourishment in the work, grow a culture of regeneration, and affirm life. The program will run from June to November and teach skills like gardening, cooking, and event production. Participants will help establish a food system and community kitchen, create celebration events, and emerge as inspired community leaders and social entrepreneurs.
Thinking, Creativity, Decision Making and OpportunityMurray Hunter
Thinking, creativity & decision making - slide showing how our cognitive system works, how we make decisions, and the concept and elements of creativity - with a focus on entreprenurial opportunity
Expoiting Cognitive Biais - Creating UX for the Irrational Human MindYu Centrik
The document discusses how cognitive biases can be used to create more effective user experiences. It argues that while computers are strictly logical, human minds are irrational, subjective, and prone to cognitive biases. To design for humans, user-facing elements need a psychological approach that accounts for how people actually think, feel, and make decisions based on both logic and a variety of non-logical factors. Understanding cognitive biases can help predict human irrationality and apply specific biases to improve the user experience.
This document outlines a 5-session, 45-minute cycle for 18 pupils in the 2nd level focusing on materials, inventions, and the senses. The objectives are to identify common materials and properties, differentiate discoveries from inventions, and recognize how inventions have improved lives. Language objectives include describing materials and properties, giving reasons using "because", using present and past tenses, and answering who, what, where questions. The content will cover materials like metal, wood, and their properties, as well as floating and sinking.
Connie Duque has over 15 years of experience in marketing and product management. She has worked for several companies in roles such as Product Development Manager, Brand Manager, and Marketing Manager. Notable accomplishments include developing a new category of water filtration products that generated $20 million in revenue, expanding product lines, and centralizing brand messaging. In her spare time, she enjoys yoga, pilates, and running.
Cascao Hydropolitics TWM Lake Victoria 2009 (II)Ana Cascao
The document discusses water conflicts and cooperation in transboundary river basins. It provides examples of both conflict and cooperation around the Jordan River Basin and Senegal River Basin. It then discusses various cooperative initiatives across northeast Africa, including the Niger Basin Authority, Lake Chad Basin Commission, Nubian Aquifer System Project, Nile Basin Initiative, and Lake Victoria Basin Commission. It considers whether investing in the Lake Victoria or Nile Basin initiatives, and suggests the benefits approach to cooperation may be more effective than the water-sharing approach. Cooperation is recognized as a complex political process with many stakeholders.
The document discusses lead management best practices including lead capture, routing, and reporting. It defines lead management as the processes of lead acquisition, data cleansing, distribution, enrichment, qualification, and conversion. It emphasizes capturing qualifying information from leads, efficiently routing leads to sales, reporting on lead progress and outcomes, and closing the loop on lead management to improve sales.
The document describes the Synthetic Sentence Identification (SSI) test which uses synthetic sentences to evaluate auditory function. It compares SSI performance to performance on phonetically balanced word lists (PB words) to identify the site of lesions. Three key patterns are described: 1) Cochlear lesions show predictable relationships between SSI and PB scores based on audiogram shape. 2) Retrocochlear lesions show disproportionate SSI-PB differences not explained by audiogram. 3) Central disorders are suspected when SSI falls below PB scores regardless of audiogram. Case studies demonstrate using SSI-PB comparisons to localize lesions.
The document describes a method for detecting balls in images and videos taken during a soccer game. It discusses challenges in ball detection due to the ball's small size and similarity to other objects. The method first finds ball candidates using color segmentation in YUV color space and grouping connected pixels. It then classifies candidates as balls or non-balls using a support vector machine trained on color and texture features. Experiments show the method can reliably identify balls in soccer footage.
The document discusses power relations and cooperation regarding water resources in the Nile River Basin. It notes that the basin is made up of 10 riparian countries with unequal contributions to and utilization of the Nile's waters, creating potential for conflict. However, organizations like the Nile Basin Initiative and Cooperative Framework Agreement seek more equitable utilization and cooperation between countries through benefit-sharing agreements and developing alternative water resources to prevent conflict over the Nile's waters.
The document discusses current security threats such as spam, phishing, and malicious attachments and links. It notes the importance of knowing what web applications an organization has deployed. The document also briefly mentions intelligence operations and provides a link for additional information on client-side exploitation techniques that hackers use.
El documento habla sobre un equipo de trauma en la sección 13. En pocas palabras, menciona el nombre de un equipo médico y la ubicación donde trabajan.
The document discusses interfaces for weekly settings and microclimates. It repeats that an interface has been developed for microclimates five times. The interface may help manage settings on a weekly basis and for small localized weather patterns or environments.
The document provides a visual guide to using Web Registration at the University at Buffalo to add courses. It outlines the steps to log into MyUB, select a semester and year, update your intended major if needed, check for any registration holds, search for and add open courses, and view your updated class schedule. The guide highlights important registration dates and resources for course planning and scheduling.
The document discusses how The Simpsons and South Park are media texts that comment on media and the consumption of television. It analyzes Homer Simpson's description of television as "teacher, mother, secret lover" and how it combines apostrophe and tricolon. It also mentions how The Simpsons reviews rhetorical terms and explores the meaning of the word "rhetorical" between Homer and his son. Finally, it references a quote from South Park about not caring but still understanding.
What's so funny 'bout peace, love and understanding?Ed Wong
Ed Wong gives a presentation at Agile Singapore 2013 about understanding and motivation. He discusses how understanding between groups and customers is important for agile practices. He talks about how people are motivated more by autonomy, mastery and purpose rather than external rewards. Wong also discusses how understanding within organizations and of users can be improved through techniques like personas and journey mapping. He advocates for collaborative approaches to change rather than top-down directives. The presentation concludes with a game to help participants understand each other better.
This Chinese proverb discusses how money cannot buy certain important things in life like a sense of home, time, rest, knowledge, good health, respect, life, or love. While money can be used to obtain material possessions, it cannot purchase things that provide true meaning or happiness. The proverb aims to encourage people to pursue non-materialistic values.
This document analyzes the features of auxiliary verbs in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). It discusses how auxiliaries are optional, determine the form of the following verb, and occur in a fixed order. Examples are provided to show how auxiliaries like "could have been" license certain word orders in sentences but not others. The analysis aims to account for these properties of auxiliaries in a way that is compatible with HPSG structures.
This document outlines the key concepts and objectives for a Natural Science unit on how humans are similar to animals. The unit will study cells, the classification of living beings into invertebrates and vertebrates, and important concepts about living beings. Students will complete tasks like designing an NGO to protect biodiversity and laboratory assignments on microscopes and plant and animal cells. The unit aims to develop organizational, collaborative, communication and other skills while focusing on the IB learner profiles of inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers and communicators.
This document outlines the key concepts and objectives for a Natural Science unit on how humans are similar to animals. The unit will study cells, the classification of living beings into invertebrates and vertebrates, and important concepts about living beings. Students will complete tasks like designing an NGO to protect biodiversity and laboratory assignments on microscopes and plant and animal cells. The unit aims to develop organizational, collaborative, communication and other skills while focusing on the IB learner profiles of inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers and communicators.
Cascao Hydropolitics TWM Lake Victoria 2009 (II)Ana Cascao
The document discusses water conflicts and cooperation in transboundary river basins. It provides examples of both conflict and cooperation around the Jordan River Basin and Senegal River Basin. It then discusses various cooperative initiatives across northeast Africa, including the Niger Basin Authority, Lake Chad Basin Commission, Nubian Aquifer System Project, Nile Basin Initiative, and Lake Victoria Basin Commission. It considers whether investing in the Lake Victoria or Nile Basin initiatives, and suggests the benefits approach to cooperation may be more effective than the water-sharing approach. Cooperation is recognized as a complex political process with many stakeholders.
The document discusses lead management best practices including lead capture, routing, and reporting. It defines lead management as the processes of lead acquisition, data cleansing, distribution, enrichment, qualification, and conversion. It emphasizes capturing qualifying information from leads, efficiently routing leads to sales, reporting on lead progress and outcomes, and closing the loop on lead management to improve sales.
The document describes the Synthetic Sentence Identification (SSI) test which uses synthetic sentences to evaluate auditory function. It compares SSI performance to performance on phonetically balanced word lists (PB words) to identify the site of lesions. Three key patterns are described: 1) Cochlear lesions show predictable relationships between SSI and PB scores based on audiogram shape. 2) Retrocochlear lesions show disproportionate SSI-PB differences not explained by audiogram. 3) Central disorders are suspected when SSI falls below PB scores regardless of audiogram. Case studies demonstrate using SSI-PB comparisons to localize lesions.
The document describes a method for detecting balls in images and videos taken during a soccer game. It discusses challenges in ball detection due to the ball's small size and similarity to other objects. The method first finds ball candidates using color segmentation in YUV color space and grouping connected pixels. It then classifies candidates as balls or non-balls using a support vector machine trained on color and texture features. Experiments show the method can reliably identify balls in soccer footage.
The document discusses power relations and cooperation regarding water resources in the Nile River Basin. It notes that the basin is made up of 10 riparian countries with unequal contributions to and utilization of the Nile's waters, creating potential for conflict. However, organizations like the Nile Basin Initiative and Cooperative Framework Agreement seek more equitable utilization and cooperation between countries through benefit-sharing agreements and developing alternative water resources to prevent conflict over the Nile's waters.
The document discusses current security threats such as spam, phishing, and malicious attachments and links. It notes the importance of knowing what web applications an organization has deployed. The document also briefly mentions intelligence operations and provides a link for additional information on client-side exploitation techniques that hackers use.
El documento habla sobre un equipo de trauma en la sección 13. En pocas palabras, menciona el nombre de un equipo médico y la ubicación donde trabajan.
The document discusses interfaces for weekly settings and microclimates. It repeats that an interface has been developed for microclimates five times. The interface may help manage settings on a weekly basis and for small localized weather patterns or environments.
The document provides a visual guide to using Web Registration at the University at Buffalo to add courses. It outlines the steps to log into MyUB, select a semester and year, update your intended major if needed, check for any registration holds, search for and add open courses, and view your updated class schedule. The guide highlights important registration dates and resources for course planning and scheduling.
The document discusses how The Simpsons and South Park are media texts that comment on media and the consumption of television. It analyzes Homer Simpson's description of television as "teacher, mother, secret lover" and how it combines apostrophe and tricolon. It also mentions how The Simpsons reviews rhetorical terms and explores the meaning of the word "rhetorical" between Homer and his son. Finally, it references a quote from South Park about not caring but still understanding.
What's so funny 'bout peace, love and understanding?Ed Wong
Ed Wong gives a presentation at Agile Singapore 2013 about understanding and motivation. He discusses how understanding between groups and customers is important for agile practices. He talks about how people are motivated more by autonomy, mastery and purpose rather than external rewards. Wong also discusses how understanding within organizations and of users can be improved through techniques like personas and journey mapping. He advocates for collaborative approaches to change rather than top-down directives. The presentation concludes with a game to help participants understand each other better.
This Chinese proverb discusses how money cannot buy certain important things in life like a sense of home, time, rest, knowledge, good health, respect, life, or love. While money can be used to obtain material possessions, it cannot purchase things that provide true meaning or happiness. The proverb aims to encourage people to pursue non-materialistic values.
This document analyzes the features of auxiliary verbs in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). It discusses how auxiliaries are optional, determine the form of the following verb, and occur in a fixed order. Examples are provided to show how auxiliaries like "could have been" license certain word orders in sentences but not others. The analysis aims to account for these properties of auxiliaries in a way that is compatible with HPSG structures.
This document outlines the key concepts and objectives for a Natural Science unit on how humans are similar to animals. The unit will study cells, the classification of living beings into invertebrates and vertebrates, and important concepts about living beings. Students will complete tasks like designing an NGO to protect biodiversity and laboratory assignments on microscopes and plant and animal cells. The unit aims to develop organizational, collaborative, communication and other skills while focusing on the IB learner profiles of inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers and communicators.
This document outlines the key concepts and objectives for a Natural Science unit on how humans are similar to animals. The unit will study cells, the classification of living beings into invertebrates and vertebrates, and important concepts about living beings. Students will complete tasks like designing an NGO to protect biodiversity and laboratory assignments on microscopes and plant and animal cells. The unit aims to develop organizational, collaborative, communication and other skills while focusing on the IB learner profiles of inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers and communicators.
This document outlines the key concepts and objectives for a Natural Science unit on how humans are similar to animals. The unit will study cells, the classification of living beings into invertebrates and vertebrates, and important concepts about living beings and animals. Students will complete projects on biodiversity and use microscopes, examine plant and animal cells, and research how knowledge of Earth and the universe applies to living beings. The unit aims to develop organizational, collaborative, communication, and problem-solving skills through its focus on the IB learner profile characteristics of inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers, and communicators.
The 2010 Secondary Education Curriculum outlines the science program standards and general standards for grades 7-10. The focus is on demonstrating understanding of basic science concepts and processes in an integrative way to solve problems critically, think innovatively, and make informed decisions to enhance human and environmental well-being. For grade 8, the general standard is on demonstrating understanding of basic biology concepts and processes as deepened by other disciplines, to analyze problems critically, think creatively, and make decisions to enhance human and environmental integrity. One assessment focuses on understanding balance of nature and its role in conserving local biodiversity through active community involvement in resource management.
promote proper to take good care systems? nutrition and Criteria: criteria:
The document outlines the 2010 Secondary Education Curriculum for Science in the Philippines. It discusses the general standards and content for Integrated Science (Grade 7), Integrative Biology (Grade 8), Integrative Chemistry (Grade 9), and Integrative Physics (Grade 10). The curriculum aims to develop students' understanding of basic science concepts and ability to critically analyze and solve problems related to human and environmental wellness. It also seeks to promote informed decision making. Specific topics covered include balance of nature, cellular structures and functions, life energy processes, human organ systems, and genetics. The curriculum emphasizes hands-on learning and application of concepts
This document outlines a natural science unit on microorganisms. The unit will study where microorganisms can be found, different types of microorganisms like viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi. Students will complete tasks like writing a scientific essay and taking a exam to demonstrate their knowledge of microorganisms. Hands-on activities are planned, like examining pond water and mold samples under microscopes. The unit aims to develop learner profile characteristics like being inquirers, thinkers, and communicators by researching microorganisms and their effects on humans and the environment.
This document contains information about an introductory environmental science unit on ecosystems and populations, including:
- The unit questions focus on understanding the value of diversity and how resilience is achieved through diversity.
- Assessment tasks include an ecological survey lab and unit test.
- Review tasks involve quizzes on ecosystems and communities and populations.
- Several sections provide information on diversity, why it is important to measure, and challenges tracking species diversity in Brazil.
- Additional passages discuss human population reaching 7 billion and the IUCN Red List categories for threatened species.
This document outlines the key concepts, tasks, and skills that will be covered in a Natural Science unit on ecosystems. The unit will study basic ecosystem concepts like biotic relations, nutrition in ecosystems, trophic chains and networks, and trophic pyramids. Students will complete projects, tests, hands-on activities and questions to learn about these topics. They will develop skills in time management, group work, accessing information, problem-solving and more. The unit aims to develop learner profile characteristics like being inquirers, knowledgeable, thinkers and reflective.
Neuroethics: Two traditions at the intersection of mind, meaning, and moralityThe Hastings Center
The Hastings Center
The World of Bioethics Seminar
Friday, December 4, 2009
Neuroethics: Two traditions at the intersection of mind, meaning and morality
Presented by: James Giordano
Since 2002, neuroethics has come to include two sorts of research: the first relating to the neurological basis of moral knowledge, sense and actions, and the second referring to the ethics of neuroscientific research and applications. This lecture will address both of these traditions and their relation to one another. It will ground neuroethics in the hard questions of neuroscience, and the problems that arise when we must rely on partial or contingent knowledge.
2013-1 Machine Learning Lecture 07 - Michael Negnevitsky - Evolutionary Co…Dongseo University
The document summarizes a lecture on genetic algorithms, which are a type of evolutionary computation technique inspired by natural evolution. Genetic algorithms simulate natural evolution by creating an initial population of potential solutions, evaluating their fitness, and generating new populations through genetic operations like crossover and mutation. This process is repeated over multiple generations until an optimal or feasible solution is found. The document provides an example of using a genetic algorithm to find the maximum value of a function, representing solutions as binary chromosomes and defining a fitness function to evaluate them.
Software systems draw on our knowledge of the universe and the disciplines that study it. Our software architectures will benefit from drawing on other disciplines.
This document discusses narrative ecology as a design experiment. It describes how hybrid ecosystems blend geographical spaces with collaborative online environments. Narrative swarming is explored as a way for individuals to collectively construct narratives through local interactions that create complex global patterns. Design experiments are proposed to test theories about how storytelling emerges in hybrid realities.
The Experts: We have personally interviewed two well-known experts, Antoine Danchin and Markus Schmidt to gather their opinions about every aspect of Synthetic Biology. They have also filled our survey so you can compare your answers to theirs, how close are your ideas to the ones of the experts?
Review and Critique of “The Origins Of Domain-Specificity: The Evolution of functional organization” by Cosmides. Leda, and John Tooby (1994)
Presentation by Christine Rosakranse
For Human-Media Interaction,
Professor Carlos Godoy, RPI
This document provides an overview of ecology and the levels of organization that ecologists study, from individuals to the biosphere. It discusses how ecology is the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecologists seek to understand these relationships by observing organisms, experimenting, and modeling interactions across different scales, from species to biomes, and over long periods of time. Their goal is to gain insight into the complex relationships within the biosphere.
This document discusses next-generation DNA sequencing technologies and the associated data analysis challenges. It outlines two research projects using these techniques: 1) metagenomic sequencing of soil microbes to study microbial ecology and 2) transcriptomic sequencing of a non-model ascidian to study tail development. It also describes the development of a graduate course to teach computational skills needed for data-intensive biology.
1) Systems biology aims to understand biology at the system level rather than just individual components. This requires advanced modeling and data analysis techniques.
2) Challenges in systems biology include understanding complex relationships between components, dynamic behavior over time, and controlling systems with unknown functions.
3) Artificial intelligence can help address these challenges through techniques like machine learning, knowledge representation, and problem solving. It has already been applied to tasks like gene alignment modeling and phylogenetic inference.
Sins, Ethics And Biology - A Comprehensive Approachjunycrespo
Sins, Ethics and Biology, a Comprehensive Approach, is more than just a review on Human Practices and Synthetic Biology: it encompasses a classical review of scientific reports on HP; the first comparative analysis of previous iGEM HP projects; interviews with wellknown experts; and the largest survey on ethics and Synthetic Biology ever made.
The document discusses unsupervised learning and the self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm. The SOM is inspired by biological neural maps and organizes high-dimensional input data onto a low-dimensional grid while preserving topological properties. The algorithm works by finding the best matching unit on the grid for each input and adjusting its weights and those of nearby units. SOMs can be used to cluster multidimensional data and visualize relationships that may otherwise be difficult to detect. They are proposed as a way to cluster agricultural sites based on multiple environmental characteristics to determine suitable crops and varieties for different locations.
Similar to Algortimos bio-inspirados para clustering y visualizacion de datos geoespaciales (20)
Microsoft power point curso-2006_sesion2_kohonenaskroll
Este documento describe los mapas autoorganizados o mapas de Kohonen. Estos mapas son una herramienta para visualizar datos de alta dimensionalidad reduciendo las dimensiones y mostrando similitudes entre los datos. Los mapas autoorganizados han empezado a ser de gran interés para el análisis de datos debido a su capacidad de manejar grandes conjuntos de datos y aislar patrones y estructuras.
Bio inspired computational techniques applied to the analysis and visualizati...askroll
The document discusses applying bio-inspired computational techniques to analyze and visualize changing spatial patterns in spatio-temporal datasets. The research plan involves developing methods to detect and track changes in spatio-temporal clusters using agro-ecological data. Challenges include heterogeneity, scales, boundaries, and visualizing cluster dynamics over time. Self-organizing maps will be used to gain insights into spatial autocorrelation, geographic vs feature space, and visualizing overall structure and temporal patterns.
Hierarchical Self-Organizing Networks are used to reveal the topology and structure of datasets. Those structures create crisp partitions of the dataset producing branches or prototype vectors that represent groups of data with similar characteristics. However, when observations can be represented by several prototypes with similar accuracy, crisp partitions are forced to classify it in just one group, so crisp divisions usually lose information about the real dataset structure. To deal with this challenge we propose the Fuzzy Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Networks (FGHSON). FGHSON are adaptive networks which are able to reflect the underlying structure of the dataset, in a hierarchical fuzzy way. These networks grow by using three variables which govern the membership degree of data observations to its prototype vectors and the quality of the network representation. The resulting structure allows to represent heterogeneous groups and those that present similar membership degree to several clusters
Improving the correlation hunting in a largequantity of SOM component planesaskroll
The document discusses using self-organizing maps (SOMs) to analyze high-dimensional agro-ecological data related to sugar cane productivity. It presents a methodology to improve analyzing SOM component planes by organizing similar planes to aid in correlation hunting. The methodology uses a new SOM to cluster component planes based on distances, representing clusters as a tree structure. This allows finding relationships between variables like radiation and productivity for sugar cane culture.
Classification of similar productivity zones in the sugar cane culture using ...askroll
This document discusses using self-organizing maps (SOMs) to cluster and analyze agro-ecological zones based on variables like climate, soil, and management factors to better understand sugar cane productivity. SOM component planes representing different variables are clustered based on distances in the SOM. This allows visualization of similar productivity zones and identification of relationships between variables like higher radiation before harvest being linked to increased sugar accumulation and medium-high productivity.
Mapas de Kohonen como una herramienta visual de apoyo al soporte de decisione...askroll
Este documento describe el uso de mapas autoorganizados de Kohonen como una herramienta de visualización para apoyar la toma de decisiones en agroecología, con un estudio de caso sobre la caña de azúcar. Los mapas autoorganizados permiten reducir la dimensionalidad de los datos para facilitar su visualización y encontrar patrones entre variables como temperatura, precipitación y rendimiento de la caña. El documento presenta varios experimentos utilizando datos ambientales, de suelo y de manejo de la caña, mostrando correlaciones encontradas entre variables como la radi
Este documento describe los mapas autoorganizados o mapas de Kohonen, que son una herramienta para la visualización y análisis de datos multidimensionales. Explica la inspiración biológica detrás de los mapas autoorganizados, su arquitectura y algoritmo de aprendizaje no supervisado. El objetivo es agrupar datos similares y reducir la dimensionalidad para facilitar la visualización e interpretación de grandes conjuntos de datos.
The document discusses using bio-inspired and statistical computational techniques to model crop behavior based on numerical and non-numerical data from an agricultural database. These techniques include artificial neural networks, evolutionary computation, fuzzy systems, and machine learning. The modeling process involves training models on data, testing them, and validating results through prediction, explanation, and visualization. Experiments are proposed using an agricultural database to build prediction-oriented models through supervised training and characterization-oriented models through self-organization. Key research issues discussed are incremental modeling as new data is added, integrating diverse data sources like expert and traditional knowledge, and developing intelligent interfaces for visual decision support and analysis.
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This document discusses bio-inspired techniques and their application to precision agriculture. It describes bio-inspired computational techniques that are capable of producing complex models to predict and describe site-specific crop behavior. These techniques include artificial intelligence, expert systems, computational intelligence techniques like artificial neural networks, evolutionary computation and fuzzy systems, as well as machine learning. The philosophy of bio-inspired systems is to study nature's inventions, tricks and artifices to develop engineering solutions with life-like properties.
Bio-inspired techniques and their application to precision agriculture (Andre...
Algortimos bio-inspirados para clustering y visualizacion de datos geoespaciales
1. Faculté des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC)
Institut des Systèmes d'information (ISI)
Algoritmos bio-inspirados para clustering y
visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Miguel Arturo Barreto Sánz
2. Outline
● Algoritmos bio-inspirados ?
● Desafios en el clustering y
visualizacion de datos geo-espaciales
g p
● Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en
clustering y visualizacion de datos
geo-espaciales
● Conclusiones
1
3. 1.Bio inspirados
1 Bio-inspirados ?
Speedo's Aerodynamic Surfaces
"Fastskin" suit,
Fastskin for Vehicles
inspired by
shark skin
Technologies
T h l i
Inspired by
Sharks
By Tracy Staedter, feb 2009 ,
Discovery News
y
4. 1.Bio inspirados
1 Bio-inspirados ?
Inspired b
by
A clear version of
Touchco’s human skin
multitouch sensor By Nick Bilton, Dec 30 2009,
platform The New York Times
Sensors capture the
p
Sensors pick
variation in pressure levels
up the
pressure of a of a pencil drawing.
hand placed
on a Touchco
device 2
5. 1.Bio inspirados
1 Bio-inspirados ?
• La naturaleza innova inventa prueba valida mejora y
innova, inventa, prueba, valida,
diversifica los sistemas vivos desde hace centenas de
millones de años.
• El punto de vista de los sistemas bio-inspirados se basa
en el estudio de las “invenciones” y las “astucias” de la
naturaleza para inspirarse y crear soluciones (esto no
significa necesariamente copiar).
• Innumerables ejemplos de soluciones de ingeniería
“natural”
“ t l” son ya utilizadas para el d
tili d l desarrollo d nuevos
ll de
materiales, retinas artificiales, etc.
Andres Perez-Uribe
Perez Uribe
1
6. 1.Bio inspirados
1 Bio-inspirados ?
Fuentes de inspiración
Largo termino
Evolución
E l ió
Auto-organización
Aprendizaje
Emergencia
Corto termino
Individuo Poblaciones
1
7. 1.Bio inspirados
1 Bio-inspirados ?
Fuentes de inspiración
Largo termino
Evolución
E l ió
Auto-organización
Aprendizaje
Emergencia
Corto termino
Individuo Poblaciones
1
8. 1.Bio inspirados?
1 Bio-inspirados?
Auto-organización
The rat whisker-barrel system
It is also the rat's sensory system of choice for exploring the environment and collecting information
about the location, shape, size and texture of objects around it. The system is well suited to examining
neural coding issues because of its functional efficiency and its elegant structural organization. The
g y g g
whisker area of somatosensory cortex (known as barrel cortex) is arranged as a topographic map of
the whiskers .This means that sensory signals arising in one whisker are channelled through a
restricted population of neurons and can be sampled by an electrode at different stages of the sensory
system.
9. 1.Bio inspirados?
1 Bio-inspirados?
Clustering bio-inspirado
Neural networks have solved a wide range of
problems and h
bl d have good l
d learning capabilities.
i biliti
Their strengths include adaptation, ease of
implementation, parallelization, speed, and
p p p
flexibility.
Bio inspired
Bio-inspired clustering is closely related to the
concept of competitive learning.
10. 1.Bio-inspirados ?
Clustering bio-inspirado
bio inspirado
Hard and soft competitive learning
Hard …
a) k initial "means" b) k clusters are c) The centroid of d) Steps 2 and 3 are
created by each of the k repeated until
associating
g clusters becomes convergence has been
every the new means reached.
observation
with the nearest
mean
11. 1.Bio-inspirados ?
Clustering bio-inspirado
bio inspirado
Hard and soft competitive learning
Soft
S ft … mi = mi + α(t)hci(t)(x - mi)
The neighborhood function hck(t) is centered over the best matched
g ()
neuron mc, which is shown as a black cell. The neighboring neurons
that have their weights recalculated by this best match are shown in
gray. Other neurons are not affected.
12. 1.Bio-inspirados ?
Clustering bio-inspirado
bio inspirado
Hierarchical Self-organizing structures
Se o ga
Self-organizing
g Adaptive Hierarchical
Hierarchical Feature Incremental
Growing Hierarchical SOM
Maps Grid Growing
14. 2. Desafíos en clustering y visualización de
datos geo-espaciales
Information received from
remote sensing systems,
and environmental
monitoring devices used in:
● Agro-ecology
● Environmental change
● Species distribution
● Disease propagation
● Urban dynamics
● Migration patterns
3
15. 2. Desafíos en clustering y visualización de
datos geo-espaciales
The special nature of spatio-temporal data poses several
spatio temporal
challenges to clustering and visualization.
For instance:
1. Visualization of clusters in both geographic and feature space
2. The fact that spatial and temporal relationships exist at various
levels (scales);
( );
3. To handle fuzzy boundaries in geospatial clusters
4. The temporal context in which some variables are involved
5. The high dimensionally of the geospatial data sets
6.
6 The large quantity of data
17
16. 2. Desafíos en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Geographic space and f t
G hi d feature
space
Geographic space is concerned with surface features as the terrain
we walk on.
Feature space is concerned with the representation of similarities
associated with geo-referenced sites in the geographic space
Geographic space Feature space
23
17. 2. Desafios en clustering y visualizacion de datos geo-espaciales
Geographic space and f t
G hi d feature
space
The clusters found in the
feature space in many
cases are not the same as
those found in geographic
space.
Represent clusters of a
multidimensional space:
map multidimensional data
o to t o d e s o a
onto a two-dimensional
lattice of cells.
Similarity of sugarcane
growing environmental
conditions (1999 2005)
diti (1999-2005)
using Self-organizing
maps
29
18. 2. Desafios en clustering y visualizacion de datos geo-espaciales
Heterogeneity in scales
Necessary to have
methodologies to
evaluate clusters at
different scales in order
to find “interesting”
patterns between levels.
Improve the analysis of
cluster structure at
different scales,
creating representations
of the cluster f ili i
f h l facilitating
the selection of clusters
at different scales.
Geographic space Feature space
19
19. 2. Desafios en clustering y visualizacion de datos geo-espaciales
Boundaries in geospatial data
Crisp Fuzzy
Algorithms for clustering spatio-
temporal databases have to
consider the neighbors of the geo
geo-
referenced data.
For instance part of the complexity
instance,
of the problem lies in the fact that
the boundaries of these neighbors
are not hard, but rather soft
,
boundaries.
21
20. 2. Desafíos en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Temporal relationships b t
T l l ti hi between
spatial objects
The relationship between spatial objects can change over time.
This dynamic relationships can be observed for instance in the
cluster changes over the time
time.
22 Similarity of sugarcane growing environmental conditions (1999-2001) using Self-
organizing maps
21. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y
visualización de datos geo-espaciales
i li ió d d t i l
Why to use bio-inspired algorithms ?
y p g
1. Discovering natural clusters in unlabeled data sets.
2. Reduction of information redundancy contained in the data.
3. The maximization of mutual information between the inputs
and the outputs of a network in the presence of noise
noise.
4. To help discover nonlinear, local or partial correlations
between variables.
5. To work with data with unknown distribution.
22. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y
visualización de datos geo-espaciales
i li ió d d t i l
A trivial case: finding zones with analogous precipitation and air temperature
in South America by using FGHSON
Recorderis!
FGHSON
Fuzzy Growing Hierarchical Self-organizing Networks (FGHSON)
23. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
A trivial case: finding zones with analogous precipitation and air temperature in South America by using
FGHSON
January
Air temperature
and precipitation
24. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
A trivial case: finding zones with analogous precipitation and air temperature in South America by using
FGHSON
January
Air temperature
and precipitation
25. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Clusters of sites with similar
characteristics in time and space
For commercial (mass production) crops (rice, corn) it is known the
“when” and “where”
For native crops (e.g. guanabana, lulo) it is not the case
(e g guanabana case.
When and what I must cultivate ?
Market demand
The COCH project
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26. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Clusters of sites with similar
characteristics in time and space
Soil What crops or varieties are likely to perform well where and
when.
Climate
Genotype
(Source: Homologue)
Homologues places for Colombian coffee production.
Brazil, Equator, East Africa, and New Guinea.
14
27. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
Clusters of sites with similar
characteristics in time and space
Harvest at different time of the same crop
15
28. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
FGHSON using to find analogous ecoregions through time
29. 3. Algoritmos bio-inspirados usados en clustering y visualización de datos geo-espaciales
FGHSON using to find analogous ecoregions through time
30. Conclusiones (I)
• Discovering natural clusters in unlabeled data sets. The continuous updating,
large quantity, and th di
l tit d the diverse uses of geospatial d t make diffi lt t l b l d
f ti l data, k difficult to labeled
observations in order to define classes.
• Reduction of information redundancy contained in the data. Soft competitive
learning algorithms create prototypes of the observations. Hence, large data sets
g g p yp , g
can be reduced without, or a minimal, lose of information
• The maximization of mutual information between the inputs and the outputs
of a network in the presence of noise. Usually, geospatial variables are measured
by instruments in difficult and not controlled environmental conditions (e g satellites
(e.g. satellites,
meteorological stations).
• To help discover nonlinear, local or partial correlations between variables.
Several soft competitive learning algorithms allow the projection of high-dimensional
space in a two dimensional grid. Thus, allowing the visual exploratory analysis of
data, facilitating to discover non linear, local, or partial correlations;
• To work with data with unknown distribution. Many clustering algorithms had
been developed to deal with certain data distributions (e g Gaussian distributions)
(e.g. distributions).
Soft competitive learning algorithms are very useful when working with geospatial
data because they do not need to assume any data distribution
1
31. Conclusiones (II)
FGHSON
Advantages
1.
1 FGHSON does not require a priory setup of the number of clusters
clusters.
This aspect is critical when dealing with geospatial data, because
usually it is no possible estimate a priory the optimal number of
clusters that can better represent a data set
2. The membership of the observations to the clusters is fuzzy
3. The final structure does not necessarily lead to a balanced hierarchy
(i.e.
(i e a hierarchy with equal depth in each branch) Therefore areas in the
branch). Therefore,
input space that require more units for appropriate data representation
create deeper branches than others. It is important when dealing with
geographical-based data, due to in many cases are found regions that
must be better represented
1
32. Conclusiones (III)
FGHSON
Advantages
4. The algorithm execute a self-organizing p
g g g processes that can be p
performed in
parallel. Hence, when dealing when large data sets the tasks can be divided
distributing computational cost.
5. A software using FGHSON algorithm in geosciences is in development
6. The maps on individual layers can not grow irregularly in shape and they can not
may remove connections between neighboring units. In this way it is lose information
about the input data.
Disadvantages
1. The FGHSOM can not project a high-dimensional space in a two dimensional
space
2. The FGHSOM is a new algorithm
1