This document is about the cellulase enzyme. It begins by introducing cellulase, noting that it is produced by fungi, bacteria and protozoa to catalyze the breakdown of cellulose. It then provides a brief history of the study of cellulase. The document discusses the function of cellulase in hydrolyzing cellulose into simple sugars like glucose. It lists several industrial applications of cellulase, such as in food processing, textiles, pulp and paper. Finally, it provides details on three cellulase enzymes - a psychrophilic enzyme from Antarctic bacteria, a thermophilic enzyme from a fungus, and a mesophilic enzyme from a bacterium.
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Introduction to RDT methods in genetic engineeringCollege
This presentation gives a small review about the RDT based methods used generally in genetic engineering. This presentation include various images about the technique, which will help the user in understanding the concepts easily.
Slide contains detailed information and study about 3 Industrially important enzymes. Renin, Cellulase and Amylase.
Please go through the ppt and let me know if you liked it.
Thank you :)
How to produce enzyme based products at home: cleaning & Personal careMurray Hunter
The production of enzyme based products in Thailand & emerging cosmetic & personal care industry. Presented to the IAB WOMEN IN SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON
THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH, BEAUTY AND AGEING
7-8 MAY 2012
Introduction to RDT methods in genetic engineeringCollege
This presentation gives a small review about the RDT based methods used generally in genetic engineering. This presentation include various images about the technique, which will help the user in understanding the concepts easily.
Slide contains detailed information and study about 3 Industrially important enzymes. Renin, Cellulase and Amylase.
Please go through the ppt and let me know if you liked it.
Thank you :)
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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2. GROUP MEMBERS
AFIQ AMSYAR BIN AHMAD (A13MB0002)
EMIRUL ISKANDAR BIN ROSLEE (A13MB0026)
SHAFIQAH HANIM BIN MUHAMMMAD SHAKIB (A13MB0151)
NUR ARIFAH BINTI HUSIN BASRI (A13MB0107)
NUR HAZIRAH BINTI MUHAMMADAN (A13MB0105)
3. INTRODUCTION OF
CELLULASE!
I am Cellulase’s Food
◎ Produced by fungi, bacteria and protozoa that catalyze cellulolysis
◎ Type of endoglucanase
4. 1. History
◎ Reese et al (1950) first proposed the enzyme
mechanisms involved into degradation of cellulose
◎ Reese and Levinson made an extensive study of
the action of cellulolytic enzyme (1952)
◎ 200 genes encoding cellulase and related enzyme
have been cloned
◎ Characterized genetically and biochemically
5. ”
2. FUNCTION AND REACTION
◎ Use in hydrolyzing cellulose to become simple
sugar (glucose)
◎ Breakdown β-1,4-glycosidic bond (hydrogen bond)
6. 3. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
◉ In food
◎ Processing in coffee
◎ Perform hydrolysis of cellulose during drying the beans
◉ Textile and laundry detergent
◉ Pulp and paper industry
◉ Pharmaceutical application
◉ Use in fermentation of biomass into biofuel
◉ Beverage
◎ Wine
7. PSYCHROPHILE (1TVN)
◎ Sources: Antartic
◎ Produce by Pseudoaltromonas sp.
◎ Optimum temperature: 25°C
◎ pH: 6-7
◎ Glycosyl hydrolase Family 5
◎ 492 amino acid
8. THERMOPHILE (4ENG)
◎ Source: BIOTEC culture collection
◎ Produced by Syncephalastrum racemosum
◎ Optimum temperature: 70°C
◎ pH: 5-6
◎ Glycosyl hydrolase family 45
◎ 32 amino acid
9. MESOPHILE (1GA2)
◎ Source: Genbank Accession No 434793
◎ Produce by Clostridium cellulovorans
◎ Optimum temperature: 40°C
◎ pH: 5-8
◎ Glycosyl hydrolase Family 48
◎ 703 amino acid
